GPNMB expression differentiates subependymal giant cell astrocytoma from other mimickers.

Subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGAs) are neoplasms that exhibit slow growth patterns and are closely associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). Recent research indicates that TFE3/TFEB-targeted biomarker glycoprotein nonmetastatic B (GPNMB) is upregulated inTSC1/2-related tumours. In this study, we performed molecular analysis on SEGAs and analyzed GPNMB expression in 6 SEGAs, 10 PXAs, 9 GBMs, 8 eGBMs, 8 diffuse astrocytomas, 8 oligodendrogliomas and 7 glioneuronal tumours through immunohistochemistry, 100 % (6/6) of the SEGA cases exhibited positive GPNMB expression, whereas it was negative in all other CNS tumours.

PIDGN: An explainable multimodal deep learning framework for early prediction of Parkinson's disease.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the world, is usually not diagnosed until the later stages of the disease, when patients might have already missed the best treatment period. Therefore, more effective prediction methods based on artificial intelligence (AI) are needed to assist physicians in timely diagnosis.

New Methods: An explainable deep learning-based early Parkinson's disease diagnostic model, Parkinson's Integrative Diagnostic Gated Network (PIDGN), was designed by fusing Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) and brain sMRI data.

U2AF1 mutation causes an oxidative stress and DNA repair defect in hematopoietic and leukemic cells.

U2AF1 is a core component of spliceosome and controls cell-fate specific alternative splicing. U2AF1 mutations have been frequently identified in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients, and mutations in U2AF1 are associated with poor prognosis in hematopoietic malignant diseases. Here, by forced expression of mutant U2AF1 (U2AF1 S34F) in hematopoietic and leukemic cell lines, we find that U2AF1 S34F causes increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production.

Molecular basis for the assembly of the dynein transport machinery on microtubules.

Cytoplasmic dynein-1, a microtubule-based motor protein, requires dynactin and an adaptor to form the processive dynein-dynactin-adaptor (DDA) complex. The role of microtubules in DDA assembly has been elusive. Here, we reveal detailed structural insights into microtubule-mediated DDA assembly using cryo-electron microscopy.

Multicenter study of ovarian cancer score for diagnosing ovarian cancer.

Background: Early detection is crucial for improving survival of patients with ovarian cancer (OC), yet current diagnostic tools lack adequate sensitivity and specificity, especially for early stage disease. The study aimed to validate the serum small extracellular vesicles (sEV) protein based Ovarian Cancer Score (OCS) in detecting OC.

Methods: This multicenter study included 1183 adult females with adnexal masses from four hospitals in China (October 2019-April 2023).

Heavy metals concentrations in commercial organic fertilizers and the potential risk of fertilization into soils.

Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to detect heavy metals in 74 typical and representative commercial organic fertilizers (COFs) collected in major COF production areas in China. The potential risk of fertilization into soils was evaluated. The concentrations of heavy metals (mg kg) in these COFs were 1.

[MED15-TFE3 renal cell carcinoma: a clinicopathological and molecular analysis].

To investigate the clinicopathological features, immunophenotype, molecular characteristics, and differential diagnosis of MED15-TFE3 gene fusion renal cell carcinoma (MED15-TFE3 RCC). A total of 12 MED15-TFE3 RCCs, diagnosed from 2016 to 2023, were collected from the Department of Pathology of Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China for clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analyses and follow-up. In addition, its diagnosis and differential diagnosis were also explored.

[Advances in urinary and male genital system pathology in China over the past ten years: retrospect and prospect].

Over the past decade, the field of urological and male reproductive system pathology has experienced rapid development. Numerous accomplishments were achieved in clinical diagnosis and molecular research in this area in China, gradually gaining international recognition. As the most influential academic journal in the field of pathology in China, the Chinese Journal of Pathology has witnessed the vigorous growth and innovation in this domain.

Renal cell carcinoma with succinate dehydrogenase A mutation: A case report and literature review.

Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)-deficient renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a rare subtype of RCC characterized by the presence of a germline mutation in one of the four subunits of the SDH enzyme complex (SDHA, SDHB, SDHC and SDHD). Together with a somatic second hit, these variants lead to the loss of function of the SDH complex. SDH-deficient RCC associated with SDHA mutation is a rare condition; to the best of our knowledge, there have been only four patients reported in the literature.

Erratum: Silencing of METTL3 effectively hinders invasion and metastasis of prostate cancer cells: Erratum.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7150/thno.61178.

Quantitative Assessment of Bony Fish Tropomyosin Using a Monoclonal Antibody Competitive ELISA.

Bony fish is one of the big-nine allergenic foods in the US. This study established a monoclonal antibody (mAb)-based indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of bony fish tropomyosin (TM), a fish allergen. Immunoassay (Western blot and ELISA) was performed to characterize anti-TM mAb8F5 (target configuration, immunoaffinity, and species selectivity).

Computed Tomography-guided Percutaneous Bilateral Neurolytic Celiac Plexus Block with Alcohol for Upper Abdominal Visceral Cancer Pain.

Background: The neurolytic celiac plexus block (NCPB) can be introduced through the posterior para-aortic, anterior para-aortic, posterior transaortic, or endoscopic anterior para-aortic puncture approach, as well as the posterior approach via the intervertebral disc. To reduce the complications of puncture, this block's original manual blind puncture technique can be improved upon by using a C-arm fluoroscope, computed tomography (CT), or an ultrasound, the last of which may be endoscopic.

Objective: To observe the distribution of absolute alcohol and its analgesic effect on cancer-induced upper abdominal visceral pain during percutaneous NCPB through the anterior and posterior diaphragmatic crura under CT guidance.

Transcriptomic Profiling Unravels the Disruption of Photosynthesis Apparatuses and Induction of Immune Responses by a Bipartite Begomovirus in Tomato Plants.

Diseases caused by begomoviruses such as tomato yellow leaf curl disease (TYLCD) are major constraints in agriculture. While the interactions between plants and monopartite begomoviruses during TYLCD pathogenesis have been explored extensively, how bipartite begomoviruses interact with tomato plants are understudied. Here we first found that a bipartite begomovirus tomato yellow leaf curl Thailand virus (TYLCTHV) induced stunted growth, leaf curl and yellowing in tomato plants.

Impact of covalent binding with p-coumaric acid on pea protein's structural and functional properties.

This study investigated the effects of covalent bonding between pea protein isolate (PPI) and p-coumaric acid (p-CA) on the protein's secondary structure, solubility, foaming properties, emulsifying capacity, and thermal stability. Binding p-CA led to alterations in the secondary structure of PPI, including an increase in α-helix and random coil and a decrease in β-turn. Additionally, it resulted in a reduction in SH and NH groups, as well as a decrease in particle size.

Sturgeon-derived peptide LLLE alleviates colitis via regulating gut microbiota and its metabolites.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), encompassing ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease, entails chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The pathogenesis of IBD implicates genetic factors, gut microbiome alterations, and immune dysregulation, contributing to its increasing global prevalence. The sturgeon-derived peptide, which exhibits promising anti-inflammatory effects, provides potential therapeutic insights for managing IBD symptoms.

ROS responsive nanozyme loaded with STING silencing for the treatment of sepsis-induced acute lung injury.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a common complication of sepsis and a leading cause of mortality in septic patients. Studies indicate that STING may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of sepsis-induced ALI by interacting with the PARP-1/NLRP3 pathway. Therefore, targeting STING inhibition has potential as a novel therapeutic strategy for ALI.

Loop33 × 123 CAR-T targeting CD33 and CD123 against immune escape in acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: Immunotherapy, such as chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells targeting CD33 or CD123, has been well developed over the past decade for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the inability to sustain tumor-free survival and the possibility of relapse due to antigen loss have raised concerns. A dual targeting of CD33 and CD123 is needed for better outcomes.

A mechanistic systems biology model of brain microvascular endothelial cell signaling reveals dynamic pathway-based therapeutic targets for brain ischemia.

Ischemic stroke is a significant threat to human health. Currently, there is a lack of effective treatments for stroke, and progress in new neuron-centered drug target development is relatively slow. On the other hand, studies have demonstrated that brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) are crucial components of the neurovascular unit and play pivotal roles in ischemic stroke progression.

Simultaneous and High-Throughput Analytical Strategy of 30 Fluorinated Emerging Pollutants Using UHPLC-MS/MS in the Shrimp Aquaculture System.

This study established novel and high-throughput strategies for the simultaneous analysis of 30 fluorinated emerging pollutants in different matrices from the shrimp aquaculture system in eastern China using UHPLC-MS/MS. The parameters of SPE for analysis of water samples and of QuEChERS methods for sediment and shrimp samples were optimized to allow the simultaneous detection and quantitation of 17 per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and 13 fluoroquinolones (FQs). Under the optimal conditions, the limits of detection of 30 pollutants for water, sediment, and shrimp samples were 0.

A novel approach based on supramolecular solvents microextraction for quick detection of perfluoroalkyl acids and their precursors in aquatic food.

Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have garnered significant attention owing to their prevalence and adverse effects on humans. The direct dietary intake of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) and PFAAs precursors (pre-PFAAs) biotransformation are considered major contributors to human exposure to PFASs. However, little information is available on analytical methods for the simultaneous detection of PFAAs and pre-PFAAs.

Accurate and stable detection of p-phenylenediamine antioxidants and their transformation products in aquatic products using antioxidant protection - Analysis of actual aquatic products.

Given the high toxicity of N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD) derivatives, such as 6PPD quinone (6PPDQ) to salmon, as well as their ubiquitous presence in the environment, the contaminant of aquatic food products has drawn significant attention. However, analytical methods for p-Phenylenediamines (PPDs) and their transformation products (TPs) in aquatic products remain underdeveloped. In particular, the degradation of some compounds and strong matrix effects complicate detection.

A disproportionality analysis for assessing the safety of FLT3 inhibitors using the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

Objectives: This pharmacovigilance analysis was conducted to assess the safety signals of FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) inhibitors in a real-world setting using the United States Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

Design: We analyzed adverse event (AE) reports related to FLT3 inhibitors submitted to the FAERS database from the first quarter of 2015 to the fourth quarter of 2022. Disproportionality analysis was used to identify AEs of FLT3 inhibitors in the FAERS database.