Relationship of Biofilm Formation with Antibiotic Resistance, Virulence Determinants and Genetic Diversity in Clinically Isolated Acinetobacter baumannii Strains in Karachi, Pakistan.

Multi-drug resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii causes nosocomial infections due to a plethora of virulence determinants like biofilm formation which are pivotal to its survival and pathogenicity. Hence, investigation of these mechanisms in currently circulating strains is required for effective infection control and drug development. This study investigates the prevalence of antibiotic resistance and virulence factors and their relationship with biofilm formation in Acinetobacter baumannii strains in Karachi, Pakistan.

Bacterial isolates and their antimicrobial susceptibility profile of superficial and deep-seated skin and soft tissue infections.

Background: Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are caused by microbial invasion of healthy or damaged skin. SSTIs are difficult to manage and contribute to chronicity and emergence of antimicrobial resistance.

Objectives: To ascertain the prevalence of bacteria causing SSTIs and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns.

Genomic analysis of Chryseobacterium indologenes and conformational dynamics of the selected DD-peptidase.

Chrysobacterium indologenes is an emerging MDR pathogen that belongs to the family Flavobacteriaceae. The genome of the C. indologenes, isolated from the nephrotic patient, was sequenced through Illumina MiSeq.

strains associated with invasive and non-invasive infections present possible links with types and superantigens.

Objectives: , a notorious human pathogen is responsible to cause a wide range of infections varies from superficial common clinical illness to severe and life threatening infections. To our knowledge this is the first report exploring the types and superantigen/exotoxin gene profile of from Pakistan.

Materials And Methods: A total of 89 strains were collected predominantly from throat swabs followed by pus, tissues and wound swabs.