Outcome Analysis of Reduction and Nonreduction Dismembered Pyeloplasty in Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction: A Randomized, Prospective, Comparative Study.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to compare the changes in renal function and drainage following open dismembered pyeloplasty with and without renal pelvis reduction.

Materials And Methods: Randomized prospective study of children with ureteropelvic junction obstruction undergoing pyeloplasty with (Group 1) and without (Group 2) pelvis reduction over an 18-month period. Postoperative function and drainage were assessed by ethylene dicysteine (EC) scan and intravenous urography (IVU) and renal pelvis size by ultrasonography.

Benign Renal Tumors in Pediatric Age Group: Retrospective Analysis.

Background: Benign renal tumors are extremely rare and were studied here. This series also includes a renal teratoma in a horseshoe kidney, probably only the second in the pediatric literature.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective review of children with benign renal tumors operated between 2006 and 2018 at one center.

Co-Existing Pediatric Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction and Vesicoureteric Reflux: Prevalence and Implications.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to ascertain the coexistence of ipsilateral vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) with ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) and to compare postpyeloplasty outcome in patients with and without associated VUR.

Materials And Methods: Prospective study from 2014 to 2016 of consecutive children ( = 135) undergoing pyeloplasty. Data of patients without (Group 1) and with (Group 2) associated ipsilateral VUR were compared.

Anorectal Malformations in Males: Pros and Cons of Neonatal versus Staged Reconstruction for High and Intermediate Varieties.

Background: High and intermediate types of anorectal malformations (ARMs) in male neonates may be managed either by primary neonatal reconstruction without colostomy cover or by traditional policy of staged reconstruction after neonatal colostomy. Posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSARP) is the current widely practiced reconstructive technique with varied results.

Aim: To assess our functional results of PSARP without colostomy in male neonates with high and intermediate ARMs compared to 3-stage (neonatal colostomy - PSARP - colostomy closure) methodology in a high volume tertiary care institution of a developing country.

Dysphagia because of unilateral internal jugular vein phlebectasia in an infant.

Phlebectasia affecting the internal jugular vein is a rare cause of a benign neck swelling in children. They are mostly asymptomatic and therefore managed conservatively. Ligation of the vein and excision is usually avoided owing to the worry of raised intracranial pressure.

Outcome analysis of pediatric pyeloplasty in units with less than 20% differential renal function.

Objective: This study was conducted to assess ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) units with differential renal function (DRF) ≤20%, 3 months post-pyeloplasty as well as complications and stability of function in long term follow up.

Material And Methods: In this prospective study, children below 12 years age with unilateral UPJO and DRF ≤20% undergoing open Anderson-Hynes dismembered pyeloplasty from 2002-2014 excluding associated vesicoureteric reflux were included. Drainage and function were assessed with isotope [ethylene di-cysteine (EC)] scan at 3 months and later during yearly follow-up as well as by intravenous urography (IVU).

Biliary Fasciola gigantica infestation in a nonendemic area--An intraoperative surprise.

A 7year old girl infected with the zoonotic trematode, Fasciola gigantica is reported because of the extreme rarity of this condition in our region. Because of the overlap in symptomatology and radiological features, the more common amebic/pyogenic liver abscess in the initial hepatic migratory phase and later choledochal cyst/biliary ascariasis when the parasite was finally located in the extrahepatic bile ducts, were thought of delaying effective treatment. The diagnosis was confirmed only by surgical exploration.

Comparative analysis of spherical and fusiform choledochal cyst based on three-dimensional magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, biliary amylase, and histopathological examination.

Aims: The aim was to compare biliary amylase, common channel, and gall bladder/liver histopathology between spherical and fusiform choledochal cysts.

Materials And Methods: Children undergoing cyst excision with Roux-en-Y hepatico-jejunostomy over a 17 months period were prospectively studied. The common channel was assessed by three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP).

Isolated Ileal Pancreatic Heterotopia Causing Intussusception with Gangrene.

Isolated ileal heterotopic pancreatic tissue as a lead point of intussusception in children is extremely rare. We report a 6-month-old female with ileoileal intussusception and a 4-year-old female with ileocolic intussusception both associated with gangrene. A review of literature suggests a higher prevalence of gangrene probably secondary to the pancreatic exocrine tissue.

Laparoscopic nephrectomy in children for benign conditions: indications and outcome.

Aim: To analyze the indications and outcome of laparoscopic nephrectomy for benign non-functioning kidneys in children.

Materials And Methods: The data of all patients operated over a 10 year period was retrospectively analyzed.

Results: There were 56 children, aged 4 months to 12 years with a male: female ratio of 2.

Long segment jejuno-ileal duplication cyst with ectopic gastric mucosa detected on 99mTc-pertechnetate scintigraphy.

Enteric duplication cysts (EDC) are uncommon congenital anomalies that may occur anywhere along the digestive tract. Ectopic gastric mucosa (EGM), another rare condition, is usually present as short segments in the small intestine and may be associated with EDC. Abdominal scintigraphy with 99mTc pertechnetate may be useful in the diagnosis, since the radiotracer is concentrated by functioning gastric mucosa.

Caecal duplication cyst mimicking intussusception.

Cystic caecal duplication is a rare congenital anomaly. We report a case of an infant, who presented with bilious vomiting and abdominal distension. On ultrasonography, intussusception with a cyst as a lead point was present in the right iliac fossa.

Duplicated gall bladder with duodenal duplication cyst.

A four year old boy with a duplicated gall bladder communicating with a duplication cyst of the duodenum is reported for the first time in the literature. It is also reported for the absence of any connection with the biliary system.

Isolated cystic cervical oesophageal duplication: a rare congenital anomaly.

Oesophageal duplication is a rare congenital anomaly. The cystic form is the usual presentation of the duplication, found predominantly in the lower third. Less than 20 cases of isolated cystic oesophageal duplication in the cervical region have been reported till date in the English literature.

Potential diagnostic role of renal scintigraphy in the management of patients with high anorectal malformation.

Urological problems are the leading associated anomalies in patients with anorectal malformation (ARM). In this study, we evaluated the role of scintigraphy in managing patients with high ARM. The records of infants with urologic anomalies on abdominal ultrasound and referred for scintigraphic evaluation were retrospectively analyzed.

Addition of midazolam to continuous postoperative epidural bupivacaine infusion reduces requirement for rescue analgesia in children undergoing upper abdominal and flank surgery.

Study Objective: To investigate the effect of adding midazolam to continuous epidural infusion of bupivacaine for postoperative analgesia in children.

Design: Prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled study.

Setting: Tertiary-care center.

Mature gastric teratoma: recurrence in adulthood.

A case of mature gastric teratoma developing recurrence after 2 decades after complete excision during infancy is being reported. The patient was successfully managed by surgical resection. Pathologic examination confirmed it to be a mature teratoma.

Giant isolated cavernous hemangioma of the stomach.

Giant isolate cavernous hemangiomas of the stomach are extremely rare. An eight year old boy with recurrent episodes of massive hematemesis and involvement of both the anterior and posterior walls of the stomach is presented. Awareness of the lesion, a combination of endoscopy and contrast enhanced CT scan are helpful in reaching a diagnosis.

Multidetector CT angiography in pulmonary sequestration.

Purpose: To evaluate the role of multidetector CT angiography in the diagnosis and preoperative assessment of pulmonary sequestration with angiographic or surgical correlation.

Methods: Eight patients (5 males, 3 females) in the age range of 2 days to 35 years suspected of having pulmonary sequestration on the basis of clinical history and chest radiographs were included in the study. All patients underwent CT angiography (4 or 16 slice) and MPVR, MIP and 3D volume rendered images were generated.