Study on Optimization of Liquid Fermentation Medium and Antitumor Activity of the Mycelium on .

is an annual fungus that specifically parasitizes living plants, offering significant potential for developing new resource food and medicine. However, wild resources and mycelium production of this fungus is limited, and its anti-tumor active ingredients and mechanisms remain unclear, hampering the development of this fungus. Thus, we optimized the fermentation medium of and studied the anti-tumor activity of its mycelium.

Role of iron oxide in retarding the graphitization of de-oiled asphaltenes for amorphous carbon.

The solvent deasphalting (SDA) process is widely recognized as a significant technology in processing inferior oil. However, de-oiled asphaltene (DOA), which accounts for about 30% of feedstocks, is not well utilized in conventional processing methods to date. Considering its complicated structure and high heteroatom and metal contents, DOA is suitable for preparing amorphous carbon.

Controllable Synthesis of - and -Containing Heterocycles via Formal [3 + 2] and [5 + 2] Cyclizations.

The controllable synthesis of spirooxindole-dihydrofurans and spirooxindole-benzazepines was developed through formal [3 + 2] and [5 + 2] cyclization reactions from 2-(2-oxoindolin-3-yl)malononitriles and -aminobenzaldehydes, respectively. A variety of spirooxindole-benzazepines were facilely constructed via a furan ring-open-involved hydride transfer/cyclization process. It is noteworthy that the application of the hydride-transfer-involved [5 + 2] cyclization strategy for construction of spirobenzazepines was unprecedented.

Study on the Performance of Ni-MoS Catalysts with Different MoS Structures for Dibenzothiophene Hydrodesulfurization.

Hydrodesulfurization (HDS) is an important process for the production of clean fuel oil, and the development of a new environmentally friendly, low-cost sulfided catalyst is key research in hydrogenation technology. Herein, commercial bulk MoS and NiCO·2NiOH·4HO were first hydrothermally treated and then calcined in a H or N atmosphere to obtain Ni-MoS HDS catalysts with different structures. Mechanisms of hydrothermal treatment and calcination on Ni-MoS catalyst structures were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).

A polysaccharide from salviae miltiorrhizae radix inhibits weight gain of mice with high-fat diet via modulating intestinal bacteria.

Background: Obesity, a global chronic disease, has been recognized as a severe risk to health. In our study, a novel polysaccharide named ARS was isolated and purified from aerial part of salviae miltiorrhizae radix. Our aim is to investigate the weight-reducing effect of a polysaccharide from salviae miltiorrhizae radix on mice fed a high-fat diet.

H-NMR-Based Metabonomics Study to Reveal the Progressive Metabolism Regulation of SAP Deficiency on ApoE Mice.

Atherosclerosis is the most common disease of the vascular system and the metabolic disorder is one of its important molecular mechanisms. SAP protein is found to be highly expressed in atherosclerotic blood vessels. Our previous study found that SAP deficiency can significantly inhibit the development of atherosclerosis.

Ameliorative effect of polysaccharide selenium nanoparticles against carbon tetrachloride induced oxidative stress and inflammation.

polysaccharide (BRP) extracted as capping agents was applied to prepare BRP-selenium nanoparticles (BRP-SeNPs) in the redox reaction system of sodium selenite and ascorbic acid. The stability and characterization of BRP-SeNPs were investigated by physical analysis method. The results revealed that BRP were tightly wrapped on the surface of SeNPs by forming C-O⋯Se bonds or hydrogen bonding interaction (O-H⋯Se).

An integrated metabonomics study to reveal the inhibitory effect and metabolism regulation of taurine on breast cancer.

Breast cancer is a common metastatic malignant tumor in women. Taurine has been found to have anti-tumor effects on a variety of cancers. However, to the best of our knowledge, the role of taurine in the metastasis of breast cancer has not been reported.

A functional polysaccharide from relieves myocardial ischemia injury anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects.

We herein report a food-derived polysaccharide (EJP) with the effect of relieving myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI). This novel polysaccharide was isolated from the leaf of , and we first found its myocardium protective effects . Then, we firstly characterized EJP with a series of analytical technologies and further tested its effect on myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI) with the illustration of the potential mechanisms .

Systematic analysis of the lysine malonylome in Sanghuangporus sanghuang.

Background: Sanghuangporus sanghuang is a well-known traditional medicinal mushroom associated with mulberry. Despite the properties of this mushroom being known for many years, the regulatory mechanisms of bioactive compound biosynthesis in this medicinal mushroom are still unclear. Lysine malonylation is a posttranslational modification that has many critical functions in various aspects of cell metabolism.

Post-screening characterization of an acidic polysaccharide from with potent anti-inflammatory properties .

We extracted and purified three polysaccharides from Echinacea purpurea using pectinase-assisted extraction to obtain crude preparations and optimized the method using an orthogonal analysis. We obtained three polysaccharide fractions (EPPS-1, -2 and -3) using DEAE ion exchange and gel filtration chromatography. The homogeneity of the fractions was confirmed using high performance gel permeation chromatography.

Polysaccharide from Echinacea purpurea reduce the oxidant stress in vitro and in vivo.

Echinacea purpurea polysaccharides (EPPS) were extracted through water extract and alcohol precipitate method. Three polysaccharides were purified by DEAE cellulose, named EPPS-1, EPPS-2 and EPPS-3. The antioxidant activities in three polysaccharides were screened by free radical scavenging test and EPPS-3 possessed the best antioxidant function.

Kaempferol-3-O-glucorhamnoside inhibits inflammatory responses via MAPK and NF-κB pathways in vitro and in vivo.

Klebsiella pneumoniae causes severe infections including pneumonia and sepsis and treatments are complicated by increased levels of antibiotic resistance. We have identified a flavonoid kaempferol-3-O-glucorhamnoside derived from the plant Thesium chinense Turcz that possessed potent anti-inflammatory effects in K. pneumoniae infected mice.

Quantification of in vivo gastric fluid volume in Bama miniature pigs in fasted state.

Although the study of bioequivalence waivers in humans is already well-established, their application and translation into animals, which are complicated by differences in physiology, have only recently become subjects of interest. The main purpose of this paper is to quantify the liquid volume affecting drug dissolution in pig stomachs. We used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to scan 18 Bama miniature pigs weighing 15, 30 or 50 kg.

The antioxidant action and mechanism of selenizing Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide in chicken embryo hepatocyte.

The antioxidant action and mechanism of selenizing schisandra chinensis polysaccharide (sSCP) were investigated in chicken embryo hepatocyte (CEH) taking schisandra chinensis polysaccharide (SCP) and N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) as control. The CEH was cultured and treated with sSCP, then exposed to HO. The CEHs' viability, apoptosis, ROS and antioxidase contents and the protein expression in MAPKs pathway and mitochondrion-dependence apoptotic signal pathway were assayed.

The antioxidative and hepatoprotective effects comparison of Chinese angelica polysaccharide(CAP)and selenizing CAP (sCAP) in CCl induced hepatic injury mice.

Chinese angelica polysaccharides (CAP) and selenizing CAP (sCAP) were prepared and identified through FTIR and SEM observation. Their antioxidant activities in vitro and hepatoprotective effects in vivo were compared by free radical-scavenging tests or with CCl-induced hepatic injury model mice. The results showed that for DPPH radical, superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical, the scavenging capabilities of sCAP were significantly stronger than those of CAP In hepatic injury model mice, sCAP could significantly reduce ALT, AST and ALP contents and raised TP content in serum, significantly reduce MDA and ROS contents and raised SOD and T-AOC activities in liver homogenate in comparison with CAP; obviously relieve the pathological changes of liver and significantly inhibit the expressions of p-ERK, p-JNK and p-p38 protein as compared with those in model control group.

Modification of lily polysaccharide by selenylation and the immune-enhancing activity.

Lily polysaccharide (LP) was extracted, purified and selenizingly modified by HNO3-Na2SeO3 method according to L9(3(4)) orthogonal design. Nine selenizing LPs, sLP1-sLP9, were obtained and their immune-enhancing activities were compared taking unmodified LP as control. The results in vitro test showed that sLP6 presented the strongest activity in promoting lymphocytes proliferation in single and synergetic with PHA, and the relative expression level of IL-2, IL-6 and IFN-γ mRNA of chicken peripheral lymphocytes.

Optimization of selenylation modification for garlic polysaccharide based on immune-enhancing activity.

Garlic polysaccharide (GPS) was modified in selenylation respectively by nitric acid-sodium selenite (NA-SS), glacial acetic acid-selenous acid (GA-SA), glacial acetic acid-sodium selenite (GA-SS) and selenium oxychloride (SOC) methods each under nine modification conditions of L9(3(4)) orthogonal design and each to obtain nine selenizing GPSs (sGPSs). Their structures were identified, yields and selenium contents were determined, selenium yields were calculated, and the immune-enhancing activities of four sGPSs with higher selenium yields were compared taking unmodified GPS as control. The results showed that among four methods the selenylation efficiency of NA-SS method were the highest, the activity of sGPS5 was the strongest and significantly stronger than that of unmodified GPS.

The Selenylation Modification of Epimedium Polysaccharide and Isatis Root Polysaccharide and the Immune-enhancing Activity Comparison of Their Modifiers.

Epimedium polysaccharide (EPS) and isatis root polysaccharide (IRPS) were extracted, purified, and selenizingly modified by nitric acid-sodium selenite method to obtain nine selenizing EPSs (sEPSs), sEPS1-sEPS9 and nine selenizing IRPSs (sIRPSs), sIRPS1-sIRPS9, respectively. Their effects on chicken peripheral lymphocyte proliferation in vitro were compared by MTT assay. The results showed that selenium polysaccharides at appropriate concentration could promote lymphocyte proliferation more significantly than unmodified polysaccharides, sEPS5 and sIRPS5 with stronger actions were picked out and injected into the chickens vaccinated with Newcastle disease vaccine in vivo tests.

Effects of Selenylation Modification on Antioxidative Activities of Schisandra chinensis Polysaccharide.

The selenylation modification of Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide (SCP) was conducted by the HNO3-Na2SeO3 method respectively under nine conditions according to L9(34) orthogonal design. Nine selenizing SCPs, sSCP1-sSCP9, were obtained, and their antioxidant activities were compared. In vitro test, the free radical-scavenging rates of nine sSCPs were determined for DPPH.

Effects of selenizing angelica polysaccharide and selenizing garlic polysaccharide on immune function of murine peritoneal macrophage.

The effects of two selenizing polysaccharides (sCAP2 and sGPS6) on immune function of murine peritoneal macrophages taking two non-selenizing polysaccharides (CAP and GPS) and modifier Na2SeO3 as control. In vitro test, the changes of selenizing polysaccharides, non-selenizing polysaccharides and Na2SeO3 on murine macrophages function were evaluated by phagocytosis and nitric oxide (NO) secretion tests. In vivo test, the mice were injected respectively with 0.

Effect of selenylation modification on immune-enhancing activity of Atractylodes macrocephala polysaccharide.

The Atractylodes macrocephala polysaccharide (AMP) was extracted purified and modified in selenylation by Nitric acid-sodium selenite method to get nine selenizing AMPs (sAMPs), sAMP(1)-sAMP(9). In vitro test their effects on chicken peripheral lymphocyte proliferation were determined by MTT assay. The results showed that nine sAMPs and AMP at five concentrations could significantly promote lymphocyte proliferation, the actions in six sAMPs were significantly stronger than that in AMP, and in sAMP(9) was the strongest.

Effects of epimedium polysaccharide-propolis flavone oral liquid on mucosal immunity in chickens.

A previous study found that epimedium polysaccharide (EP)-propolis flavonoid (PF) injection (EPI) produced reliable immunoenhancement. In this study, we investigate the effects of EP-PF oral liquid (EFO) on mucosal immunity in the chicken small intestine while using EPI, EP and PF as controls. Groups of fourteen-day-old chickens were given EFO orally at one of the three doses when they were vaccinated with ND vaccine.