Publications by authors named "Ranjitha S Shetty"

Objectives: This review aimed to assess the effect of video-assisted educational interventions in enhancing knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) among mothers of malnourished children aged <5 years.

Study Design: This was a systematic review.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE databases from inception until November 2022.

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Background: Globally, the number of older adults is increasing rapidly; simultaneously, there is an epidemiological shift toward chronic diseases. One such chronic disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) which is caused either by the inability to produce insulin or due to the ineffective use of insulin. In recent years, self-management programmes for chronic conditions have gained importance, especially among occupational therapists.

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Background: About 10% of Indians have common mental disorders (CMDs) which include depression and anxiety. These disorders are common in women, which not only impacts on their quality of life but also their family members. The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of CMDs, and factors associated with them among women residing in coastal Karnataka.

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Introduction: Understanding the patterns of utilisation of primary health services can help to improve service delivery and utilisation, thereby reducing common morbidities in the community. The study aimed to assess the patterns of utilisation of services provided at an outreach healthcare centre.

Methods: A community-based survey was conducted among families residing in the field practice area of an outreach centre for more than a year.

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Most Indian tribes have limited access to healthcare facilities and rely heavily on traditional healing practices. This narrative review aimed to identify the disparities in the implementation of healthcare services and in accessing and availing these services by the indigenous population in India. We also have tried to throw light on the plausibility in strengthening the efficiency and efficacy of the public health system, by utilizing the available resources to its maximum potential, so that there will be a measurable outcome in the health status of these populations in India, coherently with the relevant sustainable development goals (SDG).

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Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to assess palliative care needs in rural Udupi district, recognizing that integration into primary health care is hindered by limited capacity.
  • Using the Supportive and Palliative Care Indicators Tool - 4ALL, researchers screened a sample of 2041 community participants, finding that only 4.31% met the criteria for requiring palliative care.
  • The findings highlighted that non-cancer conditions, particularly cardiovascular diseases, dementia, and frailty, were more prevalent as palliative care needs compared to cancer, with age and presence of chronic illnesses being significant factors.
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  • - The study assessed the health status of the Koraga tribe in Udupi district, focusing on both adults (273 participants) and children (94 participants), to gather data for effective health intervention planning.
  • - Findings revealed significant health issues, including a high prevalence of malnutrition among adults (47.6% underweight and 35.2% anemic) and children (30.7% and 42.3% below growth percentiles, respectively), alongside elevated blood pressure and blood sugar levels.
  • - The results indicate the need for tailored health initiatives, as malnutrition and related health problems are common in the Koraga community, especially in individuals aged 45 and older, and among overweight or obese individuals.
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Background: Tuberculosis is the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent among the HIV-negative population and ranks first among the HIV-positive population. However, few studies have assessed tuberculosis trends in Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) or with an emphasis on HIV status. This study assesses the time trends of tuberculosis mortality across the BRICS with an emphasis on HIV status from 1990 to 2019.

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Introduction: The increasing population of older adults is one of the most significant challenges faced by various countries across the world. South Asian region is accommodating almost a quarter of the world's population, with nearly 6% of them being >65 years of age. There is a lack of awareness regarding the role of occupational therapists in community settings, the assessments and interventions used by occupational therapists to facilitate healthy ageing among community-dwelling older adults.

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Background: Reproductive well-being is a crucial element of women's health. Due to the asymptomatic nature of gynaecological morbidities, women rarely seek medical advice in the initial period leading to delayed diagnosis and poor prognosis of subsequent disease. The present study aimed to explore the cervical cytology and its associated risk factors among women from tribal communities of the southern part of coastal Karnataka, India.

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Background: Incidence of breast cancer and associated mortality are on the rise globally. Breast cancer incidence in India is on the rise and also accounts for a staggering 50% mortality rate among women. Health illiteracy, socio-economic and cultural barriers in addition to lack of an organized nationwide screening and prevention programme contribute to poor patient outcomes.

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Background: Breast cancer is reported to be the most common cancer among women in India with a high mortality to incidence ratio. Late presentation, driven by lack of awareness and limited accessibility to health services are some of the stated reasons for this. Given this context, this qualitative study was carried out to understand the perception of rural women towards the disease and factors that influenced utilization of available screening services among them.

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The use of biomass fuel is associated with the deterioration of human health and women are more likely to develop health conditions due to their exposure to indoor air pollution during cooking. This study was conducted to assess the pattern of fuel used for cooking in households as well as to determine the association between the types of fuel used with respect to socio-demographic characteristics and health status of women. A community based cross-sectional survey was conducted between August 2016 and September 2018 in four rural areas and one semi-urban area of Udupi district, Karnataka, India.

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Article Synopsis
  • Cervical cancer is a major health issue for women in India, particularly among tribal communities in coastal Karnataka, where awareness and screening are lacking despite the availability of methods to detect the disease.
  • A study involving 1,140 women aged 20-65 revealed that while most had heard of cervical cancer, only a small percentage knew it could be prevented or detected early, and none had undergone screening.
  • The findings highlight a significant gap in knowledge about cervical cancer, indicating a need for targeted health education and organized screening programs to improve awareness and encourage preventive measures among these women.
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  • Cervical cancer remains a significant health issue despite being preventable, with HPV and other viral infections influencing cervical dysplasia, particularly in southern coastal Karnataka, India.
  • A study surveyed 2,240 women (1,140 tribal and 1,100 from the general population) to assess the prevalence of cervical infections using advanced techniques like PCR and DNA sequencing.
  • Findings revealed a higher HPV prevalence in tribal women (40.6%) compared to the general population (14.3%), while EBV and CMV were more common in the general population; the study also noted specific risk factors and urged further research on the interactions between multiple viral infections and cancer development.
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Objective: Globally oral cancer is one of the ten most common cancers with prevalence being high in Central and South East Asian countries. This survey was conducted to estimate the prevalence of oral pre-malignant lesions (OPML) and to identify their risk factors. Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was carried out among 2033 individuals aged ≥18 years.

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Background. Careful adherence to standard precautions can protect both health care workers (HCWs) and patients from infections. The present study identified the perceptions and compliance with the use of standard precautions and assessed the determinants of noncompliance among the HCWs in an emergency and trauma triage centre.

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