Remote sensing for estimating genetic parameters of biomass accumulation and modeling stability of growth curves in alfalfa.

Multispectral imaging by unoccupied aerial vehicles provides a nondestructive, high-throughput approach to measure biomass accumulation over successive alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. subsp. sativa) harvests.

Comparative transcriptomic analysis of germinating rice seedlings to individual and combined anaerobic and cold stress.

Background: Rice is one of the most important cereals consumed worldwide. Two major abiotic factors affecting rice plants in different growth stages are flooding stress and cold stress. These abiotic stresses can take place independently or simultaneously and significantly affect rice plants during germination and seedling growth.

Examination of Large Chromosomal Inversions in the Genome of Strains Reveals Worldwide Distribution and North America-Specific Types.

is a relatively homogeneous species with low genetic diversity at the nucleotide level. However, phenotypic differences and genomic structural variations among strains have been documented. In this study, we identified 10 large chromosomal inversion (LCI) types in the Spiraeoideae-infecting (SI) strains by combining whole genome sequencing and PCR-based molecular markers.

Genetic factors underlying anaerobic germination in rice: Genome-wide association study and transcriptomic analysis.

The success of rice (Oryza sativa L.) germination and survival under submerged conditions is mainly determined by the rapid growth of the coleoptile to reach the water surface. Previous reports have shown the presence of genetic variability within rice accessions in the levels of flooding tolerance during germination or anaerobic germination (AG).

Potential Therapeutic Applications of Plant-Derived Alkaloids against Inflammatory and Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Alkaloids are a type of natural compound possessing different pharmacological activities. Natural products, including alkaloids, which originate from plants, have emerged as potential protective agents against neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) and chronic inflammations. A wide array of prescription drugs are used against these conditions, however, not free of limitations of potency, side effects, and intolerability.

Relationship of Cultivated Grain Amaranth Species and Wild Relative Accessions.

is a genus of C4 dicotyledonous herbaceous plants, and three New World species have been domesticated to produce grain crops with light colored seed which are classified as pseudo-cereals rich in protein and minerals. A core collection of grain amaranths and immediate precursor species has been established, representing the closest related species. The goal of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity in that collection of cultivated and wild species, using competitive allele single nucleotide polymorphism markers.

Enriched-GWAS and Transcriptome Analysis to Refine and Characterize a Major QTL for Anaerobic Germination Tolerance in Rice.

Tolerance of anaerobic germination (AG) is a key trait in the development of direct seeded rice. Through rapid and sustained coleoptile elongation, AG tolerance enables robust seedling establishment under flooded conditions. Previous attempts to fine map and characterize (), a major centromere-spanning AG tolerance QTL, derived from the indica variety Ma-Zhan Red, have failed.

Genome-wide association mapping identifies novel loci underlying fire blight resistance in apple.

Fire blight, caused by epiphytotic gram-negative bacteria Erwinia amylovora, is the most destructive bacterial disease of apple (Malus spp.). Genetic mechanisms of fire blight resistance have mainly been studied using traditional biparental quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping approaches.

The Plant Pathology Challenge 2020 data set to classify foliar disease of apples.

Premise: Apple orchards in the United States are under constant threat from a large number of pathogens and insects. Appropriate and timely deployment of disease management depends on early disease detection. Incorrect and delayed diagnosis can result in either excessive or inadequate use of chemicals, with increased production costs and increased environmental and health impacts.

An improved 7K SNP array, the C7AIR, provides a wealth of validated SNP markers for rice breeding and genetics studies.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are highly abundant, amendable to high-throughput genotyping, and useful for a number of breeding and genetics applications in crops. SNP frequencies vary depending on the species and populations under study, and therefore target SNPs need to be carefully selected to be informative for each application. While multiple SNP genotyping systems are available for rice (Oryza sativa L.

Genome-Wide Association Mapping to Identify Genetic Loci for Cold Tolerance and Cold Recovery During Germination in Rice.

Low temperature significantly affects rice growth and yield. Temperatures lower than 15°C are generally detrimental for germination and uniform seedling stand. To investigate the genetic architecture underlying cold tolerance during germination in rice, we conducted a genome-wide association study using a novel diversity panel of 257 rice accessions from around the world and the 7K SNP marker array.