Dissection and removal of bile duct plastic stents penetrating the duodenal papilla: report of three rare cases.

We encountered three cases with incidental penetration of a straight Amsterdam-type bile duct plastic stent into the duodenal papilla. All patients had undergone insertion of a biliary plastic stent due to common bile duct stones. However, in all three cases, we observed penetration of the biliary plastic stent into the duodenal papilla just before the elective surgery or at the time of plastic stent replacement.

Polymorphisms Located in 3'-UTR are Associated with Severity of Atrophy and Methylation Status in the Gastric Mucosa.

This study aimed to clarify the association of polymorphisms (rs4268033, rs3735656, and rs10226620) with the degree of gastric mucosal atrophy and CpG methylation status. A total of 491 subjects were enrolled in this study. Genotypes and methylation status were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-single-stranded conformation polymorphism and methylation-specific PCR (Fujita Health University, HM18-094).

Effect of DNMT3A polymorphisms on CpG island hypermethylation in gastric mucosa.

Background: CpG methylation of tumor suppressor genes occurs in the early stage of carcinogenesis. Detecting risk factors for aberrant CpG methylation is clinically important for predicting cancer development. DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) 3a is considered to play critical roles in the DNA methylation process during pathogenesis.

Influence of MIF polymorphisms on CpG island hyper-methylation of CDKN2A in the patients with ulcerative colitis.

Background: CDKN2A hypermethylation is among the major events associated with carcinogenesis and is also observed in non-neoplastic colonic mucosa in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) plays a crucial role in promoting gastrointestinal inflammation characteristic of UC. The aim of this study is to explore associations between CDKN2A methylation status and MIF polymorphisms (rs755622 and rs5844572).

Durvalumab-induced Immune-related Hepatitis in a Patient with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

We herein report the case of a 79-year-old patient with unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer who developed immune-related hepatitis caused by durvalumab administration. Durvalumab was administered at 10 mg/kg every two weeks after the treatment with carboplatin (AUC2), paclitaxel (35 mg/m), and 60 Gy radiation. At the day 208 in which the 14th durvalumab administration was scheduled, the patient was urgently hospitalized due to CTCAE Grade 4 hepatic dysfunction detected during the an outpatient blood sampling test.

[Intestinal amebiasis in the ileac blind end of an ileocolonic anastomosis leading to liver abscess].

A 65-year-old man was admitted complaining of high fever and pain in the right lower abdomen. An ileocolonic side-to-end anastomosis had been performed 38 years previously for an abscess in a colonic diverticulum. On the current admission, findings on contrast-enhanced computed tomography suggested an amebic liver abscess and intestinal amebiasis.

Association of genetic polymorphisms in with the progression of gastric mucosal atrophy and susceptibility to gastric cancer in Japan.

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether single nucleotide polymorphisms in the gene are associated with susceptibility to gastric cancer in the Japanese population. The present case-control study examined the associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs6733868 and rs13428812) in and cancer susceptibility in 343 patients with gastric cancer and 708 subjects without gastric malignancies on upper gastro-duodenal endoscopy. Of 708 controls, 409 were classified into two groups histologically: 99 cases with and 310 cases without gastric mucosal atrophy.

Polymorphism rs7521584 in miR‑429 is associated with the severity of atrophic gastritis in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection.

The aim of the present study was to investigate an association of genetic polymorphism (rs7521584) located in miR‑200a‑200b‑429 cluster, which has tumor suppressor and pro‑inflammatory function, with the development of gastric mucosal atrophy and metaplasia as a pre‑malignant condition. Gastric mucosa samples were obtained from the antrum of 393 patients with no malignancies. The rs7521584 genotype was determined using the polymerase chain reaction‑single‑strand conformation polymorphism analysis method.

Association between receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 2 polymorphisms and gastric cancer susceptibility.

The present study aimed to investigate whether single nucleotide polymorphisms in receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 2 (), which encodes a component of the nucleotide binding oligomerization domain containing 2-RIP2 pathway, may compromise the innate immune response to infection, leading to increased susceptibility to gastric cancer in the Japanese population. The present case control study investigated the associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms and gastric mucosal inflammation, atrophy and cancer susceptibility in 528 patients with gastric cancer and 697 patients without gastric malignancies on upper gastro-duodenal endoscopy. Overall, the rs16900627 minor allele was significantly associated with the susceptibility to gastric cancer [OR, 1.

Genetic polymorphisms of , encoding a small Maf protein, are associated with susceptibility to ulcerative colitis in Japan.

Aim: To investigate whether single nucleotide polymorphisms in maf protein K (), which encodes the , lead to increased susceptibility to ulcerative colitis in the Japanese population.

Methods: This case control study examined the associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs4268033 G>A, rs3735656 T>C and rs10226620 C>T) and ulcerative colitis susceptibility in 174 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) cases, and 748 subjects without no lower abdominal symptoms, diarrhea or hematochezia (controls). In addition, as the second controls, we set 360 subjects, who have an irregular bowel movement without abnormal lower endoscopic findings (IBM controls).

Three ileus cases associated with the use of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in diabetic patients.

Dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-4 inhibitors are a new class of antidiabetic drugs that increase incretin hormone levels to enhance blood sugar level-dependent insulinotropic effects, suppress glucagon action, and reduce bowel motility. These incretin effects are ideal for blood sugar control. However, the safety profile of DPP-4 inhibitors is not yet established.

Functional promoter polymorphisms of NFKB1 influence susceptibility to the diffuse type of gastric cancer.

In the present study, we report an association between gastric cancer and polymorphisms in NFKB1 (rs28362941 and rs78696119). We employed the PCR-SSCP method to detect gene polymorphisms in 479 gastric cancer cases and 880 controls. The rs28362941 del/del homozygote was significantly associated with gastric cancer development; in particular it was closely associated with diffuse type gastric cancer.

-449 C>G polymorphism of NFKB1 gene, coding nuclear factor-kappa-B, is associated with the susceptibility to ulcerative colitis.

Aim: To clarify the association between a polymorphism -449 C>G (rs72696119) in 5'-UTR of NFKB1 with ulcerative colitis (UC).

Methods: The studied population comprised 639 subjects, including patients with UC (UC cases, n = 174) and subjects without UC (controls, n = 465). We employed polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism to detect the gene polymorphism.

Influence of HRH2 promoter polymorphism on aberrant DNA methylation of DAPK and CDH1 in the gastric epithelium.

Background: Aberrant methylation patterns in CpG island are known to be influential in gene silencing. Histamine plays important physiological roles in the upper gastrointestinal tract and acts via the H2 receptor. We report an investigation into the effect of HRH2 promoter polymorphism (rs2607474 G > A) on the methylation of DAPK and CDH1.

Association of genetic polymorphisms in IL17A and IL17F with gastro-duodenal diseases.

Background & Aim: The important role of IL-17 in inflammatory response to Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) colonization has been indicated. We investigated the associations between gastro-duodenal diseases and polymorphisms of IL17A (rs2275913 G>A) and IL17F (rs763780 T>C).

Influence of IL17A polymorphisms (rs2275913 and rs3748067) on the susceptibility to ulcerative colitis.

Interleukin-17A plays a role in tissue inflammation by inducing release of proinflammatory and neutrophil-mobilizing cytokines. We investigated the association between ulcerative colitis (UC) and polymorphisms of IL17A, rs2275913 (-197 G > A), and rs3748067 (*1249 C > T). The study was performed in 475 healthy subjects (controls) and 202 with UC (UC cases), including 113 controls and 64 UC cases from previous study.

Effects of -1018G>A polymorphism of HRH2 (rs2607474) on the severity of gastric mucosal atrophy.

Background And Aim: Histamine plays important physiological roles in upper gastrointestinal tract and acts via the H2 receptor. A polymorphism -1018 G>A (rs2067474) was identified in an enhancer element of the HRH2 promoter. We attempted to clarify the associations of this polymorphism with the progression of gastric mucosal atrophy.

Association between common genetic variant of HRH2 and gastric cancer risk.

Histamine plays important physiological roles in the upper gastrointestinal tract and acts via the H2 receptor. The -1018 G>A (rs2067474) in an enhancer element of the promoter and non-synonymous rs79385261 (Asn46Thr) were identified in HRH2. We attempted to clarify the associations of these polymorphisms with gastric carcinogenesis.

NFKB1 polymorphism is associated with age-related gene methylation in Helicobacter pylori-infected subjects.

CpG island aberrant methylation is shown to be an important mechanism in gene silencing. The important role of NF-κB in the inflammatory response to H. pylori colonization has been indicated.

Genetic polymorphisms of IL17A and pri-microRNA-938, targeting IL17A 3'-UTR, influence susceptibility to gastric cancer.

We report an association between gastric cancer (GC) and polymorphisms in IL17A, rs2275913 (-197 G > A), rs3748067 (*1249 C > T), and pri-miR-938, rs2505901 (T > C). We employed the multiplex PCR-SSCP method to detect gene polymorphisms in 337 GC cases and 587 controls. The minor allele frequency of rs2275913 was significantly higher, and those of rs3748067 and rs2505901 significantly lower, in GC cases than controls.

Genetic polymorphism of pri-microRNA 325, targeting SLC6A4 3'-UTR, is closely associated with the risk of functional dyspepsia in Japan.

Background: The role of genetics in the susceptibility to functional dyspepsia (FD) remains unclear. We attempted to clarify the association between FD and polymorphisms in SLC6A4. In addition, rs5981521 (C>T) in the pri-microRNA 325 (pri-miR-325) coding region was also investigated.

Survival rates of early-stage HCV-related liver cirrhosis patients without hepatocellular carcinoma are decreased by alcohol.

Although alcohol abuse is the most common cause of liver cirrhosis in the United States, the enhancing effects of alcohol on the long-term prognosis of hepatitis C virus (HCV) related liver cirrhosis has not been clarified. To investigate how alcohol abuse influences the prognosis of hepatitis virus related liver cirrhosis, we studied 716 Japanese patients. Cumulative survival and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development rates were analyzed in alcohol abusive, cirrhotic patients with or without hepatitis virus infection.

Colon cancer arising in an ulcer scar due to intestinal Behçet's disease.

Neoplasms rarely arise in the intestinal lesion of Behçet's disease. We present a 77-year-old man with Behçet's disease who developed colon cancer in the ileocecal region. Ileocecal resection was performed and pathological examination of the specimen revealed advanced colon carcinoma (pT3, N1, M0).