Mismatch repair protein deficiency assessed by immunohistochemistry in sporadic colorectal carcinoma.

Context: Globally, colorectal carcinoma (CRC) ranks the third most commonly diagnosed malignant disease, one of the leading causes of cancer deaths.

Aims: To study the spectrum of clinicopathological characteristics of sporadic colorectal carcinoma and to assess mismatch repair gene deficiency by the expression pattern of the proteins assessed by immunohistochemistry.

Setting And Design: Observational study conducted in a tertiary care hospital in West Bengal.

Utility of cell block to detect malignancy in fluid cytology: Adjunct or necessity?

Aim Of The Study: Cell block (CB) technique when supplemented with conventional smear, provides increased cellularity, preservation of architectural pattern with excellent morphology, and a clear background. We compare the utility of CB technique compared to conventional smear in detection of malignancy in serous effusions.

Materials And Methods: An institution-based observational and analytical study was carried out over 1 year on 50 patients with effusions.

Etiological study of lymphadenopathy in HIV-infected patients in a tertiary care hospital.

Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has become a global pandemic. Persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (PGL) is very common manifestation of HIV infection. Moreover, different opportunistic infections such as tuberculosis (TB) and malignancies may present with lymphadenopathy.

Expression of COX-2 and p53 in juvenile polyposis coli and its correlation with adenomatous changes.

Introduction: Gastrointestinal polyps commonly affect the pediatric population. The commoner variety amongst these is the solitary rectal polyp. Juvenile polyposis coli (JPC) is rare, characterized by multiple polyps occurring throughout the gut.

Conjunctival biopsies and ophthalmic lesions: A histopathologic study in eastern India.

Background: The conjunctiva is a thin and flexible mucus membrane that provides a protective barrier to the eye. Very few histopathologic studies have been conducted on conjunctival biopsies in eastern India.

Materials And Methods: 120 conjunctival biopsies from 117 patients (76 males, 41 females) received during 8 years (January 2003-December 2010) were included in this study.

Evaluation of the category high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion in The Bethesda System for reporting cervical cytology.

Background: High grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) is a category of The Bethesda System (TBS) for reporting cervical cytology that is in vogue since the introduction of the said system in 1988 and it was not modified in 2001 modification of TBS. The term includes moderate dysplasia (CIN II), severe dysplasia (CIN III) and squamous cell carcinoma in situ. Terms like ASC-US used in TBS are being considered to be not very useful in the prediction about the possible behavior of the pathological status of the cervix.

Conservative management of Beta-thalassemia major cases in the sub-division level hospital of rural West Bengal, India.

Background: The ideal management of thalassemia involves a multidisciplinary therapeutic team approach and should be preferably done at a comprehensive thalassemia care center with all sorts of specialists and the backup of a well-equipped blood bank. However, in developing country like ours, these facilities are not available in rural set up. So, a situation where conservative therapy with regular blood transfusion is the only choice left to innumerable thalassemic children.

Atypical fibroxanthoma: an unusual skin neoplasm in xeroderma pigmentosum.

Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder related to defective deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) repair. Various cutaneous manifestations related to ultraviolet (UV) damage characterize the clinical course. Primary malignant cutaneous neoplasms like squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma have been reported.

Vanishing bone disease (Gorham's disease) - a rare occurrence of unknown etiology.

A 20-year-old male patient presented with painful swelling around left elbow joint. Radiographic examination revealed osteolytic lesion with pathological fracture of lower end of humerus and upper radius. Upper end of ulna was completely absent along with bony erosion.

Hypopituitarism following poisonous viperbite.

A 28 years old male had the history of viperbite 3 years back. He has treated in a nearby rural hospital with snake venom antiserum along with other supportive therapy. He responded and discharged from hospital within a week.

Primary pulmonary neoplasms in children: A report of five cases.

Primary pulmonary neoplasms are uncommon in children and represent a wide spectrum of pathology from benign to malignant. They are quite different in their histopathologic distribution from that of adults. This study was done to analyze the histopathologic spectrum of primary lung tumors in children.

A study on expression pattern of cyclooxygenase-2 in carcinoma of cervix.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to determine the differential expression pattern of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in patients of carcinoma of uterine cervix and its correlation with tumor differentiation and lymphovascular invasion.

Materials And Methods: Seventy (70) cases of cervical carcinoma were included (20 in-situ, 42 invasive squamous cell, and 8 cases of adenocarcinoma). Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections were stained by Hematoxylin and Eosin.

Neonatal sepsis: Role of a battery of immunohematological tests in early diagnosis.

Background And Objective: Worldwide, many neonates with sepsis die due to lack of early diagnosis. In this study we attempt to analyze the value of various immunological and hematological parameters, singly and in combination, for the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis, with the aim being to formulate guidelines for the early diagnosis of the condition.

Materials And Methods: In this prospective study, 62 patients having clinical suspicion of neonatal sepsis were evaluated with a battery of investigations.

Primary pediatric gastrointestinal lymphoma.

Background: Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is the most common extranodal lymphoma in pediatric age group. Yet, the overall incidence is very low. The rarity of the disease as well as variable clinical presentation prevents early detection when the possibility of cure exists.

Gauchers disease presenting with portal hypertension.

Gauchers disease is a rare lysosomal storage disorder characterized by abnormal accumulation of lipid-laden macrophages in different organs. Though hepatosplenomegaly is commonly found, symptomatic presentation with portal hypertension is rare. We report a child with liver cirrhosis and bleeding esophageal varices who was diagnosed with Gaucher's disease.

Micro-albuminuria: a predictor of 7-day mortality in acute myocardial infarction.

A study was undertaken amog 80 non-diabetic patients of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) admitted within 24 hours of the onset of pain, to investigate the prevalence and significance of microalbuminuria (MA) as a predictor of in-hospital mortality, and also to correlate it with other well-established prognostic markers. Spot urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) was measured in first morning sample on day 1 (D1), day 4 (D4) and/or day 7 (D7). Haemodynamic status was assessed clinically by Killip's class and the ejection fraction was measured by echocardiography on D1, D4, and/or D7.

Migration and maturation pattern of fetal enteric ganglia: a study of 16 cases.

Aims: To study the migration and developmental pattern of ganglion cells in fetuses aged 9-21 weeks, and to document whether the migration was occurring circumferentially equally in the entire axis or if there were discrepancies in different portions at the same level.

Settings And Design: The hypothesis regarding the pathogenesis of Hirschsprung's disease mainly revolves around two schools. One is the single gradient migration of ganglia and the other is a dual gradient migration theory.

Squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis presenting as hydronephrosis.

Primary malignant tumors of the renal pelvis are relatively rare with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) accounting for 0.7% to 7%. We present a case of a 58-year-old male with huge hydronephrosis on the left side where histology of the resected specimen showed features of SCC.

Distinction of phyllodes tumor from fibroadenoma: Cytologists' perspective.

Background: Fibroadenomas and phyllodes tumors may have similar cytological appearances. However, a detailed study of cytomorphology of stromal elements may be helpful in differentiation.

Aim: To evaluate the cytological features of phyllodes tumor in our study with special reference to features that can help distinguishing it from fibroadenoma.

Massive scapular metastasis as a presenting feature of carcinoma of the lip.

Carcinoma of the lip is a slow-growing locally-advanced disease with low metastatic potential. Distant skeletal metastasis is reported very rarely and the vertebral column is the most common site. A 58-year-old male smoker presented with pain and massive swelling of the left scapula for six months.

Neurofibroma of kidney: an uncommon neoplasm and diagnostic dilemma with solitary fibrous tumor.

Neurofibroma of kidney is an extremely rare tumor. To our knowledge, only five such cases have been reported worldwide till date. Here, we report a solitary neurofibroma of right kidney in a 54-year-old woman.

Ocular surface disorder in pterygium: role of conjunctival impression cytology.

Objective: To study ocular surface abnormalities in patients with pterygium, conjunctival impression cytology was explored as a tool for the assessment of the cytological changes.

Materials And Methods: A comparative case control study was undertaken to evaluate the ocular surface disorders in pterygium. Fifty cases of pterygium and 50 age and sex-matched controls were analyzed for the presence of local tear film abnormalities as assessed by the tear film break up time and Schirmer test.

Inherited dysfibrinogenaemia presenting with portal vein thrombosis.

A 15 years old female presented with recurrent episodes of gum bleeding, easy bruisibility and recurrent soft tissue haematoma following trivial trauma since childhood. Subsequently the patient developed features of extrahepatic portal vein obstruction due to formation of thrombus. Defective fibrinogen structure due to underlying inherited dysfibrinogenaemia led to the manifestations of both bleeding due to coagulation failure and thrombosis due to failure of abnormal fibrin to get lysed.

Synchronous multicentric giant cell tumor.

Multicentric giant cell tumors represent less than 1% of all giant cell tumors of bones. We report a case of multicentric giant cell tumors around both the knee joints in a mentally and physically challenged adult male that resulted in rapidly progressive painful swelling, restricted mobility and, ultimately, fixed deformity. These tumors had typical radiological appearance and the diagnosis was confirmed on histopathology.