Impact of selenium supplementation on antioxidant enzyme activity and liver gene expression in juvenile pangasius catfish (Pangasius pangasius).

This study examined the effect of dietary selenium (Se) fortification on growth efficiency, antioxidant status, and liver gene expression in juvenile pangasius catfish. Sodium selenite was incorporated into a basal diet at incremental levels of 0-2.0 mg Se/kg.

Tumor immunomodulation by nanoparticle and focused ultrasound alters gut microbiome in a sexually dimorphic manner.

Local immunomodulation with nanoparticles (NPs) and focused ultrasound (FUS) is recognized for triggering anti-tumor immunity. However, the impact of these tumor immunomodulations on sex-specific microbiome diversity at distant sites and their correlation with therapeutic effectiveness remains unknown. Here, we conducted local intratumoral therapy using immunogenic cell death-enhancing Calreticulin-Nanoparticles (CRT-NPs) and FUS in male and female mice.

Role of the transmembrane polar residues on CD151 in cholesterol binding.

Tetraspanins superfamily proteins have been shown to play an important role in several physiological processes and diseases such as cancer. Transmembrane polar residues of tetraspanins have an implication in regulating the process of cancer metastasis. Tetraspanin CD82 has been demonstrated to exert an anti-metastatic role while mutating polar residues in its transmembrane domains (TMDs) abrogates its metastasis inhibitory role.

Designing a summative assessment blueprint in community medicine: an expert consensus approach at All India Institute of Medical Sciences.

Background: Despite the increasing integration of competency-based education in medicine, there remains a significant gap in effectively assessing educational outcomes, underscoring the urgent need for designed assessment blueprints that accurately reflect both curriculum content and competency standards in Community Medicine for undergraduate students. This study, conducted across the All-India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) network, develops a summative assessment blueprint aimed at standardizing evaluations in medical education across diverse geographic locations in India.

Methods: Twenty-five experts from 10 All India Institutes of Medical Science were invited via email and contributed for summative assessment for a theory paper.

Early Neonatal Epilepsy Caused by Homozygous Mutation in the SLC13A5 Gene: A Case Report From India.

Early neonatal seizures have myriad causes and variable prognoses. While acute symptomatic seizures are the most common events, a significant number of cases have a genetic background for such seizures, and a timely diagnosis can help in appropriate management and prognostication. We present a case of a neonate referred to our center with multi-focal clonic seizure starting from the first day of life.

Quality of life, compliance with treatment, and challenges among patients undergoing cardiac intervention.

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide, with important economic and quality-of-life implications. Effective treatment relies on drug adherence, which is impacted by a variety of factors; noncompliance increases morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. This study examines the quality of life, treatment adherence factors, and challenges that cardiac patients encounter during their treatment regimen.

Treatment regimens and glycaemic outcomes in more than 100 000 children with type 1 diabetes (2013-22): a longitudinal analysis of data from paediatric diabetes registries.

Background: Advances in paediatric type 1 diabetes management and increased use of diabetes technology have led to improvements in glycaemia, reduced risk of severe hypoglycaemia, and improved quality of life. Since 1993, progressively lower HbA targets have been set. The aim of this study was to perform a longitudinal analysis of HbA, treatment regimens, and acute complications between 2013 and 2022 using data from eight national and one international paediatric diabetes registries.

Conformational plasticity links structural instability of NAA10 and NAA10 mutants to their catalytic deregulation.

The acetylation of proteins' N-terminal amino groups by the N-acetyltransferase complexes plays a crucial role in modulating the spatial stability and functional activities of diverse human proteins. Mutations disrupting the stability and function of NAA10 result in X-linked rare genetic disorders. In this study, we conducted a global analysis of the impact of fifteen disease-associated missense mutations in .

An Unusual Case of Pancytopenia.

Multiple myeloma is a rare hematological disorder that causes overproduction of plasma cells within the bone marrow, leading to suppressed hematopoiesis, renal insufficiency, bony lesions, and recurrent infections. Patients with multiple myeloma commonly present with anemia. Although rare, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia can also develop in these patients, leading to pancytopenia, as seen in our case.

The short conserved region-2 of LARP4 interacts with ribosome-associated RACK1 and promotes translation.

LARP4 interacts with poly(A)-binding protein (PABP) to protect mRNAs from deadenylation and decay, and recent data indicate it can direct the translation of functionally related mRNA subsets. LARP4 was known to bind RACK1, a ribosome-associated protein, although the specific regions involved, and relevance had been undetermined. Here, yeast two-hybrid domain mapping followed by other methods identified positions 615-625 in conserved region-2 (CR2) of LARP4 (and LARP4B) as directly binding RACK1 region 200-317.

Predictive Accuracy of C-reactive Protein as an Early Indicator of Leakage After Anastomosis and Primary Repair in Gastrointestinal Surgery.

Background Anastomotic leakage after gastrointestinal surgery is a significant postoperative complication that leads to increased morbidity and mortality. C-reactive protein (CRP) has been used previously as a predictive marker of anastomotic leakage in gastrointestinal surgeries. Its short half-life makes it a reliable marker for postoperative complications, rapidly returning to normal values as the patient recovers.

Beyond the Fracture: Managing Aseptic Ulnar Diaphyseal Non-Union in a Seizure Patient with Elastic Nail, Fibula Graft, and Locking Compression Plate: A Rare Case Report.

Introduction: Aseptic ulnar diaphyseal non-union presents a complex challenge in orthopedic practice, particularly when compounded by concurrent seizure disorders. This case report highlights the unique considerations and innovative approaches in managing such cases, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and tailored treatment strategies.

Case Report: We present the case of a 35-year-old male with a history of recurrent ulnar fractures and generalized tonic-clonic seizures.

Assessment of global carbon dynamics due to mining-induced forest cover loss during 2000-2019 using satellite datasets.

Mining activities significantly contribute to forest cover loss (FCL), subsequently altering global carbon dynamics and exacerbating climate change. The present study aims to estimate the contributions of mining-induced FCL to carbon sequestration loss (CSL) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions from 2000 to 2019 using the proxy datasets. For FCL analysis, the global FCL data at 30 m spatial resolution, developed by Hansen et al.

Leaf growth in third dimension: a perspective of leaf thickness from genetic regulation to ecophysiology.

Leaf thickness, the leaf growth in the third dimension as quantified by the distance between the adaxial and abaxial surface, is an indispensable aspect of leaf development. The fitness of a plant is strongly influenced by leaf thickness via modulation of major physiological processes, including photosynthesis and water use efficiency. The cellular basis of leaf thickness by alterations in either cell size or the number of cell layers is envisaged using Arabidopsis leaf thickness mutants, such as angustifolia (an) and rotundifolia (rot).

Histomorphology based prediction of p16 immunopositivity and p16/HPV DNA co-positivity in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

The histomorphological features predictive of p16 and human papilloma virus (HPV DNA) positivity in oropharyngeal carcinoma have been a matter of much debate. However, only few studies have been done on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) to correlate the histomorphological features with p16 and HPV DNA positivity. Oral squamous cell carcinoma has distinct etiopathogenesis, treatment and prognosis as compared to oropharyngeal carcinomas.

Knowledge and Attitudes Toward Organ Donation Among Students and Professionals in Medical Colleges in the Eastern Part of India.

Background:  Organ transplantation is a critical, life-saving procedure revolutionizing healthcare. Despite medical advancements, there remains a global shortage of organs available for transplantation. This is more pronounced in India where the organ donation rate is significantly low.

Possible Glycemic Effects of Vagus Nerve Stimulation Evaluated by Continuous Glucose Monitoring in People with Diabetes and Autonomic Neuropathy: A Randomized, Sham-Controlled Trial.

Autonomic neuropathy is associated with dysglycemia that is difficult to control. We investigated if transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) could improve glycemic levels. We randomized 145 individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) ( = 70) or type 2 diabetes (T2D) ( = 75) and diabetic autonomic neuropathy (DAN) to self-administered treatment with active cervical tVNS ( = 68) or sham ( = 77) for 1 week (4 daily stimulations) and 8 weeks (2 daily stimulations), separated by a wash-out period of at least 2 weeks.

Inhibiting mtDNA transcript translation alters Alzheimer's disease-associated biology.

Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) features changes in mitochondrial structure and function. Investigators debate where to position mitochondrial pathology within the chronology and context of other AD features.

Methods: To address whether mitochondrial dysfunction alters AD-implicated genes and proteins, we treated SH-SY5Y cells and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons with chloramphenicol, an antibiotic that inhibits mtDNA-generated transcript translation.

3-D Visualization of Atlantic salmon skin through Ultrasound and Photoacoustic Microscopy.

Significance: Three-dimensional photoacoustic imaging (PAM) has emerged as a promising technique for non-invasive label-free visualization and characterization of biological tissues with high spatial resolution and functional contrast.

Aim: The application of PAM and ultrasound as a microscopy technique of study for Atlantic salmon skin is presented here.

Approach: A custom ultrasound and photoacoustic experimental setup was used for conducting this experiment with a sample preparation method where the salmon skin is embedded in agarose and lifted from the bottom of the petridish.

A character-strengths based coaching intervention to improve wellbeing of rural community health workers in Madhya Pradesh, India: Protocol for a single-blind randomized controlled trial.

Background: There is scarce knowledge on the use of structured positive psychology interventions for reducing work-stress and improving wellbeing of rural community health workers in India, particularly the Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) who are village-level (resident women, incentivised) lay health workers. This trial will test the effectiveness of a 'character-strengths' based coaching intervention compared to routine supervision on wellbeing ('authentic happiness') of ASHAs.

Methods: This protocol is for a single-blind, parallel group randomized controlled trial comparing the effectiveness of a five-day residential workshop focusing on the use of character-strengths and subsequent 8- to 10-week remote telephonic coaching (weekly) to individually support ASHAs to improve their wellbeing, against routine health system support.