The effect of axillary crutch length on upper limb kinematics during swing-through gait.

Background: Axillary crutches are commonly used in rehabilitation. Inappropriately fit crutches may result in upper limb pain or injury.

Objective: To investigate the effects of axillary crutch length on upper limb kinematics to better understand potential injury mechanisms.

Avoiding anchoring bias in unexplained chronic pain: an unexpected diagnosis of synovial osteochondromatosis.

Unconscious biases may influence clinical decision making, leading to diagnostic error. Anchoring bias occurs when a physician relies too heavily on the initial data received. We present a 57-year-old man with a 3-year history of unexplained right thigh pain who was referred to a physiatry clinic for suggestions on managing presumed non-organic pain.

Ulnar stress reaction in an axillary crutch user.

Ulnar stress fractures have been reported in athletes performing repetitive, high-impact activities, such as baseball pitchers and gymnasts. Crutch-assisted walking also results in cyclical forearm loading. We report the first case of ulnar stress reaction due to axillary crutch use.