Effect of curfew from the COVID-19 pandemic on amblyopia treatment in children in Saudi Arabia.

Background: Amblyopia was defined as a reduction in the best-corrected visual acuity in one or both eyes with the presence of amblyogenic factors.

Objective: The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of curfews resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic on amblyopia treatment in children.

Design: A prospective longitudinal study.

Screening and identification of gut anaerobes (Bacteroidetes) from human diabetic stool samples with and without retinopathy in comparison to control subjects.

Studies have reported a reciprocal interaction between metabolic disorders and the human gut microbial composition. However, more information is still needed concerning the gut microbiome related to metabolic disorders such as Diabetes. The aim of the present study was to reveal whether stool samples collected from normal individuals and from diabetic subjects with or without retinopathy differ in their gut microbial composition.

Correlation between dry eye and refractive error in Saudi young adults using noninvasive Keratograph 4.

Purpose: The purpose is to study the correlation between dry eye and refractive errors in young adults using noninvasive Keratograph.

Methods: In this cross sectional study, a total of 126 participants in the age range of 19-25 years and who were free of ocular surface disease, were recruited from King Saud University Campus. Refraction was defined by the spherical equivalent (SE) as the following: 49 emmetropic eyes (±0.

Correlation between glycemic control and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in Saudi type II diabetics.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of diabetes mellitus (DM), diabetic retinopathy, and degree of glycemic control (glycosylated hemoglobin [HbA1c]) on peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) using optical coherence tomography.

Methods: The study included 126 eyes of healthy controls (n=32) and diabetics patients (n=31), whose ages ranged from 40 to 70 years. The diabetic group was divided into: Subgroup 1: with HbA1c <7% and Subgroup 2: with HbA1c ≥7%.