Kidney hyperfiltration and mitochondrial changes are associated with eGFR decline in young people with type 1 diabetes.

Objectives: To examine the relationship between kidney hyperfiltration during adolescence and subsequent changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urinary albumin creatinine ratio (UACR) in a young cohort of participants with type 1 diabetes. Additionally, to explore urinary mitochondrial DNA:nuclear DNA ratio (mtDNA:nDNA) as a marker of metabolic stress and its association with early changes in kidney function.

Methods: Eighty adolescents were studied at baseline [mean (SD) age 14.

Advanced Glycation End Products and Inflammation in Type 1 Diabetes Development.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease in which the β-cells of the pancreas are attacked by the host's immune system, ultimately resulting in hyperglycemia. It is a complex multifactorial disease postulated to result from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. In parallel with increasing prevalence of T1D in genetically stable populations, highlighting an environmental component, consumption of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) commonly found in in Western diets has increased significantly over the past decades.

Kidney disease risk factors do not explain impacts of low dietary protein on kidney function and structure.

The kidneys balance many byproducts of the metabolism of dietary components. Previous studies examining dietary effects on kidney health are generally of short duration and manipulate a single macronutrient. Here, kidney function and structure were examined in C57BL/6J mice randomized to consume one of a spectrum of macronutrient combinations (protein [5%-60%], carbohydrate [20%-75%], and fat [20%-75%]) from weaning to late-middle age (15 months).