Publications by authors named "Randy Yin"
Ephrin-B2 (EFNB2) is a ligand for six Eph receptors in humans and regulates multiple cell developmental and signaling processes. It also functions as the cell entry receptor for Nipah virus and Hendra virus, zoonotic viruses that can cause respiratory and/or neurological symptoms in humans with high mortality. Here, we investigate the sequence basis of EFNB2 specificity for binding the Nipah virus attachment G glycoprotein over Eph receptors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe henipaviruses, Nipah virus (NiV), and Hendra virus (HeV) can cause fatal diseases in humans and animals, whereas Cedar virus is a nonpathogenic henipavirus. Here, using a recombinant Cedar virus (rCedV) reverse genetics platform, the fusion (F) and attachment (G) glycoprotein genes of rCedV were replaced with those of NiV-Bangladesh (NiV-B) or HeV, generating replication-competent chimeric viruses (rCedV-NiV-B and rCedV-HeV), both with and without green fluorescent protein (GFP) or luciferase protein genes. The rCedV chimeras induced a Type I interferon response and utilized only ephrin-B2 and ephrin-B3 as entry receptors compared to rCedV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEphrin-B2 (EFNB2) is a ligand for six Eph receptors in humans and functions as a cell entry receptor for several henipaviruses including Nipah virus (NiV), a pathogenic zoonotic virus with pandemic potential. To understand the sequence basis of promiscuity for EFNB2 binding to the attachment glycoprotein of NiV (NiV-G) and Eph receptors, we performed deep mutagenesis on EFNB2 to identify mutations that enhance binding to NiV-G over EphB2, one of the highest affinity Eph receptors. The mutations highlight how different EFNB2 conformations are selected by NiV-G versus EphB2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPotent monoclonal antibody-mediated neutralization of a divergent Hendra virus variant.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
May 2022
Article Synopsis
- Hendra virus (HeV) and Nipah virus (NiV) are highly lethal zoonotic viruses causing severe outbreaks in humans and animals, with death rates between 50% and 95%.
- A new variant of HeV, named HeV-g2, was found in horses and flying foxes in Australia, suggesting a broader risk for spillover into humans, highlighting the need for better biosecurity measures.
- Research revealed that the HeV-g2 glycoprotein works similarly to the original HeV, and a new antibody mixture has been developed that effectively neutralizes both viruses, paving the way for potential treatments.