Prenatal alcohol exposure is associated with changes in placental gene co-expression networks.

Alcohol consumption during pregnancy can result in a range of adverse postnatal outcomes among exposed children. However, identifying at-risk children is challenging given the difficulty to confirm prenatal alcohol exposure and the lack of early diagnostic tools. Placental surveys present an important opportunity to uncover early biomarkers to identify those at risk.

Assessing the efficacy and mechanisms of glycol-contaminated water treatment through floating treatment wetlands.

The growing concerns surrounding water pollution and the degradation of ecosystems worldwide have led to an increased use of nature-based solutions (NbSs). This study assessed the feasibility of using floating treatment wetlands (FTWs) as an NbS to treat propylene glycol-contaminated water and quantitatively investigated different removal pathways. With an environmentally relevant concentration of propylene glycol (1,250 mg/L), FTWs containing Acorus calamus and mixed species demonstrated the highest average glycol mass removal efficacy (99%), followed by Carex acutiformis (98%), Juncus effusus (93%), and the control group without plants (10%) after 1 week.

RNA-seq analysis reveals prenatal alcohol exposure is associated with placental inflammatory cells and gene expression.

Background: Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) are the most common preventable cause of birth defects and neurodevelopmental disorders worldwide. The placenta is the crucial interface between mother and fetus. Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) has been shown to alter placental structure and expression of genes in bulk placental tissue samples, but prior studies have not examined effects on placental cell-type composition or taken cell-type into consideration in transcriptome analyses.

Effects of prenatal pesticide exposure on the fetal brain and placenta transcriptomes in a rodent model.

Organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticides are among the most extensively used insecticides worldwide. Prenatal exposures to both classes of pesticides have been linked to a wide range of neurobehavioral deficits in the offspring. The placenta is a neuroendocrine organ and the crucial regulator of the intrauterine environment; early-life toxicant exposures could impact neurobehavior by disrupting placental processes.

Accessible machining for people who use wheelchairs.

Despite the Americans with Disabilities Act mandate for reasonable accommodations, wheelchair users are often placed in the role of observer and note-taker when learning machining and fabrication skills due to a lack of accessibility. The focus of this case study report is to identify and develop reasonable accommodations for wheelchair users in an academic machine shop environment to address accessibility limitations of original equipment manufacturer (OEM) machines. Individual wheelchair users working and learning within the Human Engineering Research Laboratories (HERL) were observed and interviewed about their experiences using the machine shop equipment without modifications, followed by further observations after accommodations were implemented.

The American Student Placements in Rehabilitation Engineering Program (ASPIRE).

American Student Placements and Internships in Rehabilitation Engineering is founded on the principal of sparking the interest in a new generation of rehabilitation engineering scientists to transform the lives of older adults and people with disabilities. Each year a minimum of 10 students were enrolled. The internship runs for 10 weeks and activities center on developing excitement about technology and engineering and understanding the principles and processes of conducting rehabilitation engineering research.

Impact of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy on Daily Physical Activity in Heart Failure Patients.

Purpose: Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has emerged as a beneficial therapy for heart failure (HF) patients. It has been shown to enhance cardiac pump function and increase exercise capacity in patients with HF who display wide QRS complex on their electrocardiogram. To date, few studies have assessed daily physical activity (PA) in CRT patients.

Cardiac work-up protocol for liver transplant candidates: experience from a single liver transplant centre.

Background: Ischemic cardiac events can cause significant morbidity and mortality postliver transplantation; however, no validated protocols to screen patients before transplantation exist.

Objectives: To report the introduction of a noninvasive cardiac screening protocol used at the Liver Unit, University of Calgary (Calgary, Alberta); to determine whether the protocol decreases use of coronary angiograms; and to compare cardiac outcomes using the new protocol with an appropriately matched historical control group.

Methods: A new cardiac screening protocol was introduced into the program in 2005, which uses perfusion scintigraphy to screen high-risk cardiac patients, reserving coronary angiograms for abnormal results.

Impact of AV conduction disorders on SafeR mode performance.

Purpose: CAN-SAVE R is a Canadian multicenter study that compares the effects of a new pacing mode algorithm designed to minimize right ventricular (V) pacing versus DDD mode with a long atrioventricular (AV) delay in a general population of pacemaker (PM) recipients.

Study Participants: Patients with permanent atrial fibrillation (AF) or high-degree AV block (AVB) were excluded. We present preliminary data collected in 208 patients (mean age=71 +/- 11 years, 68% men), for the 2-month baseline period during which all PM were programmed in the new pacing mode.

Using NANDA, NIC, and NOC (NNN) language for clinical reasoning with the Outcome-Present State-Test (OPT) model.

Purpose: To analyze the degree to which standardized nursing language was used by baccalaureate nursing students completing Outcome-Present State-Test (OPT) model worksheets in a clinical practicum. METHODS. A scoring instrument was developed and 100 worksheets were retrospectively analyzed.

Intention-to-treat analysis: who is in? Who is out?

To assess whether the term "intention to treat" (ITT) predicts inclusion of all randomized subjects in the analysis, we reviewed 100 randomly selected reports of randomized trials that mentioned analysis by ITT. Only 42 of 100 reports included all randomized subjects in the ITT analysis. We could not determine which categories of participants were excluded from the ITT analysis in 13 trials.

A comparison of textual and echoic prompts on the acquisition of intraverbal behavior in a six-year-old boy with autism.

A comparison of textual and echoic prompts was conducted to determine which form of prompts was more effective for teaching intraverbal behavior to a 6-year-old boy with autism. A multiple baseline design across three sets of questions measured (a) the number of full-sentence target answers, (b) partial answers that made sense, and (c) partial answers that did not make sense, or no response, to direct questions asked. A fading procedure using either scripted textual or scripted echoic prompts was employed to evoke the child's correct answers.