Characteristics of commercially manufactured and compounded protamine zinc insulin.

Objective: To evaluate and compare characteristics of a commercially manufactured protamine zinc insulin (PZI) product and PZI products obtained from various compounding pharmacies.

Design: Evaluation study.

Sample: 112 vials of PZI (16 vials of the commercially manufactured product and 8 vials from each of 12 compounding pharmacies) purchased over an 8-month period.

Preliminary study of protamine zinc recombinant insulin for the treatment of diabetes mellitus in cats.

The efficacy of a new protamine zinc formulation based on recombinant insulin (PZIR) was compared with a veterinary-approved beef/pork-source insulin (PZI VET, Idexx Pharmaceuticals) that has been shown to significantly decrease blood glucose in cats with diabetes mellitus (DM). After being examined and weighed and having blood collected for determination of serum fructosamine concentrations, 50 cats with DM and stable glycemic control on PZI VET were switched to PZIR for 30 days at the same dose rate and interval. There was only one reported episode of hypoglycemia, and the cat was withdrawn from the study.

Solid-phase extraction and HPLC analysis of methylparaben and propylparaben in a concentrated antibiotic suspension.

An accurate and precise solid-phase extraction coupled with high performance liquid chromatography (SPE/HPLC) method developed for the quantification of antimicrobial preservatives (methylparaben and propylparaben) in oxytetracycline injectable suspension is described in this article. The SPE technique was necessary to quantify the preservatives since the high concentration of the drug and excipients was masking low levels of preservatives, making quantification difficult. This developed HPLC method was stability-indicating and found to be linear between 1.

Urinary and serum concentrations of diclofenac after topical application to horses.

The liposomal cream formulation of diclofenac, an NSAID, is an effective, safe, and convenient way to treat localized areas of inflammation in horses. The results of this study reveal urinary and serum concentrations of diclofenac following topical administration of 1% liposomal diclofenac cream for 10 days at the labeled dose and at 2X and 4X the labeled dose. These results demonstrate the slow absorption and elimination of 1% liposomal diclofenac cream and may be useful when estimating the withdrawal time needed before a competition in order to prevent an inadvertent positive drug test.

Double-blinded placebo-controlled clinical field trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of topically applied 1% diclofenac liposomal cream for the relief of lameness in horses.

A topical 1% diclofenac liposomal cream proved to be safe, easy to use, and effective in reducing equine lameness caused by degenerative joint disease. Diclofenac liposomal cream was shown to reduce lameness as graded by owners and veterinarians, regardless of the severity or chronicity of the clinical condition. Topical application allowed for more convenient administration than oral or injectable agents, and no clinically relevant hematologic or serum biochemical changes were noted.

Effect of terminal sterilization by irradiation on amber Type I and Type III glass containers containing veterinary oxytetracycline suspension.

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of terminal sterilization by gamma irradiation on 500-mL amber Type I and Type III glass containers (bottles) containing oxytetracycline (OTC) (25% W/V) suspension formulated using 20% (W/V) phospholipids syrup. The formulation was developed for veterinary parenteral administration. The results of terminal sterilization were used to assess the acceptability for this suspension product.

Effect of topical application of diclofenac liposomal suspension on experimentally induced subcutaneous inflammation in horses.

Objective: To determine whether 1% diclofenac liposomal suspension (DLS) ointment would be absorbed transdermally and attenuate experimentally induced subcutaneous inflammation in horses.

Animals: 7 healthy adult horses.

Procedure: Inflammation was produced by injecting 1% sterile carrageenan into subcutaneously implanted tissue cages 8 hours before (time -8) and at the time of application of test ointment.