Incidence of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation Cycle on the Existing Fundamental Niche and Establishment Risk of Some Species (Diptera-Tephritidae) of Horticultural Importance in the Neotropics and Panama.

To compare the environmental space of four species in different ENSO episodes (El Niño, El Neutro and La Niña), we built ecological niche models with NicheA software. We analysed the fundamental niche and the combined establishment risk maps of these species developed with the ArcGisPro combine geoprocess. A comparison of the ellipsoids that represent the fundamental niche existing for the species showed changes in the El Niño, El Neutro and La Niña episodes.

Evaluation of the Effect of the ENSO Cycle on the Distribution Potential of the Genus of Horticultural Importance in the Neotropics and Panama.

Climate variability has made us change our perspective on the study of insect pests and pest insects, focusing on preserving or maintaining efficient production systems in the world economy. The four species of the genus were selected for this study due to their colonization and expansion characteristics. Models of the potential distribution of these species are scarce in most neotropical countries, and there is a current and pressing demand to carry out this type of analysis in the face of the common scenarios of climate variability.