Chronic kidney disease and risk of bloodstream infections and sepsis: a 17-year follow-up of the population-based Trøndelag Health Study in Norway.

Purpose: Bloodstream infections (BSI) and sepsis are important causes of hospitalization, loss of health, and death globally. Targetable risk factors need to be identified to improve prevention and treatment. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and risk of and mortality from BSI and sepsis in the general population during a 22-year period.

The detrimental effects of intestinal injury mediated by inflammation are limited in cardiac arrest patients: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Ischaemic intestines could be a driver of critical illness through an inflammatory response. We have previously published reports on a biomarker for intestinal injury, plasma Intestinal Fatty Acid Binding Protein (IFABP), and inflammatory biomarkers after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). In this post-hoc study we explored the potential indirect effects of intestinal injury mediated through the inflammatory response on organ dysfunction and mortality.

Trends in mortality after a sepsis hospitalization: a nationwide prospective registry study from 2008 to 2021.

Background: Few studies have reported on mortality beyond one year after sepsis. We aim to describe trends in short- and long-term mortality among patients admitted with sepsis, and to describe the association between clinical characteristics and mortality for improved monitoring, treatment and prognosis.

Methods: Patients ≥ 18 years admitted to all Norwegian hospitals (2008-2021) with a first sepsis episode were identified using Norwegian Patient Registry and International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision codes.

Long-term temporal trends in incidence rate and case fatality of sepsis and COVID-19-related sepsis in Norwegian hospitals, 2008-2021: a nationwide registry study.

Objectives: To estimate temporal trends in incidence rate (IR) and case fatality during a 14-year period from 2008 to 2021, and to assess possible shifts in these trends during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Setting: All Norwegian hospitals 2008-2021.

Participants: 317 705 patients ≥18 year with a sepsis International Classification of Diseases 10th revision code retrieved from The Norwegian Patient Registry.

Iron status and the risk of sepsis and severe COVID-19: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Observational studies have indicated an association between iron status and risk of sepsis and COVID-19. We estimated the effect of genetically-predicted iron biomarkers on risk of sepsis and risk of being hospitalized with COVID-19, performing a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. For risk of sepsis, one standard deviation increase in genetically-predicted serum iron was associated with odds ratio (OR) of 1.

Incidence, recurring admissions and mortality of severe bacterial infections and sepsis over a 22-year period in the population-based HUNT study.

Purpose: Severe bacterial infections are important causes of hospitalization and loss of health worldwide. In this study we aim to characterize the total burden, recurrence and severity of bacterial infections in the general population during a 22-year period.

Methods: We investigated hospitalizations due to bacterial infection from eight different foci in the prospective population-based Trøndelag Health Study (the HUNT Study), where all inhabitants aged ≥ 20 in a Norwegian county were invited to participate.

Explaining sex differences in risk of bloodstream infections using mediation analysis in the population-based HUNT study in Norway.

Previous studies indicate sex differences in incidence and severity of bloodstream infections (BSI). We examined the effect of sex on risk of BSI, BSI mortality, and BSI caused by the most common infecting bacteria. Using causal mediation analyses, we assessed if this effect is mediated by health behaviours (smoking, alcohol consumption), education, cardiovascular risk factors (systolic blood pressure, non-HDL cholesterol, body mass index) and selected comorbidities.

Association of iron status with the risk of bloodstream infections: results from the prospective population-based HUNT Study in Norway.

Purpose: As iron is essential for both immune function and microbial growth, alterations in iron status could influence the risk of infections. We assessed the associations of iron status with risk of bloodstream infections (BSIs) and BSI mortality.

Methods: We measured serum iron, transferrin saturation (Tsat) and total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) in 61,852 participants in the population-based HUNT2 study (1995-97).

Anxiety and Depression Symptoms in a General Population and Future Risk of Bloodstream Infection: The HUNT Study.

Objective: We examined whether anxiety and depression symptoms constitute increased risk of bloodstream infection (BSI), as a proxy for sepsis.

Methods: A general population with self-reported anxiety and depression symptoms was followed prospectively for hospital-verified BSI. Using multivariable Cox regression analysis, we estimated hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) of BSI and BSI mortality, with and without statistical adjustment for comorbidities, BMI, and life-style factors that may confound or mediate the associations.

Associations of obesity and lifestyle with the risk and mortality of bloodstream infection in a general population: a 15-year follow-up of 64 027 individuals in the HUNT Study.

Background: Bloodstream infections (BSI) cause considerable morbidity and mortality, and primary prevention should be a priority. Lifestyle factors are of particular interest since they represent a modifiable target.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study among participants in the population-based Norwegian HUNT2 Survey, where 64 027 participants were followed from 1995-97 through 2011 by linkage to prospectively recorded information on BSI at local and regional hospitals.