Identifying technical skills and clinical procedures in surgery for a simulation-based curriculum: a national general needs assessment.

Background: The efficacy of simulation-based training in surgical education is well known. However, the development of training programs should start with problem identification and a general needs assessment to ensure that the content is aligned with current surgical trainee needs. The objective of the present study is to identify the technical skills and clinical procedures that should be included in a simulation-based curriculum in general surgery.

The Influence of Perioperative Fluid Therapy on N-terminal-pro-brain Natriuretic Peptide and the Association With Heart and Lung Complications in Patients Undergoing Colorectal Surgery: Secondary Results of a Clinical Randomized Assessor-blinded Multicenter Trial.

Objective: To investigate the influence of intravenous (iv) fluid volumes on the secretion of N-terminal-pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-Pro-BNP) in colorectal surgical patients and its association with cardiopulmonary complications (CPC). In addition, to examine if preoperative NT-Pro-BNP can predict the risk for postoperative CPC.

Methods: Blood samples from patients enrolled in a previously published clinical randomized assessor-blinded multicenter trial were analyzed.

A search for training of practising leadership in emergency medicine: A systematic review.

Objective: This systematic review examines the medical, psychological and educational literature for training in practising leadership of a team leader in emergencies. The objectives of this paper are (1) describe how literature addresses operational training in practising leadership for the emergency medical team-leader (2) enhance understanding of leadership training in the medical environment.

Background: Worldwide, medical supervisors find it difficult to get students to rise to the occasion as leaders of emergency teams.

Training residents to lead emergency teams: A qualitative review of barriers, challenges and learning goals.

Objective: An investigation to determine any consensus in opinions and views in the literature about challenges or barriers in training leadership for emergencies.

Summary Of Background Data: Leadership in emergencies is reported as being very important for patient outcome. A systematic review failed in 2016 to find any focused leadership training.

Conducting the emergency team: A novel way to train the team-leader for emergencies.

Introduction: Worldwide, medical supervisors find it difficult to get students to rise to the occasion when called upon to act as leaders of emergency teams: many residents/rescuers feel unprepared to adopt the leadership role. The challenge is to address the residents very strong emotions caused by the extremely stressful context. No systematic leadership training takes this aspect into account.

Self-perceived readiness to perform at the attending level following surgical specialist training in Denmark.

Introduction: Great effort has been invested in improving the educational aspect of the Danish five-year national surgical residency programme. Among other initiatives, an updated logbook containing specific objectives was implemented in 2015. The effect of current and prior educational efforts has not previously been studied.

No Correlation Between Work-Hours and Operative Volumes--A Comparison Between United States and Danish Operative Volumes Achieved During Surgical Residency.

Objective: Since 2003, United States residents have been limited to an 80-hour workweek. This has prompted concerns of reduced educational quality, especially inadequate operating exposure. In contrast, the Danish surgical specialty-training program mandates a cap on working hours of 37 per week.

[Ectopic varices in the terminal ileum causing gastrointestinal bleeding].

Varices of the terminal ileum are not a common complication to portal hypertension but we describe a case where a 60-year-old male patient had massive, recurrent intestinal bleeding due to collateral blood supply from umbilical veins to varicose veins of the terminal ileum.

Comprehensive feedback on trainee surgeons' non-technical skills.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the content of conversations, feedback style, and perceived usefulness of feedback to trainee surgeons when conversations were stimulated by a tool for assessing surgeons' non-technical skills.

Methods: Trainee surgeons and their supervisors used the Non-Technical Skills for Surgeons in Denmark tool to stimulate feedback conversations. Audio recordings of post-operation feedback conversations were collected.

Assessing trainee surgeons' nontechnical skills: five cases are sufficient for reliable assessments.

Background: Trainee surgeons would benefit from regular, formative assessments to ensure they learn the nontechnical aspects of surgical performance. Non-Technical Skills for Surgeons in Denmark (NOTSSdk) is a tool to assess surgeons' nontechnical skills (NTS) during an operation. The aims of this study were to explore which parts of NOTSSdk supervisors use to assess trainee surgeons' NTS, to determine the internal consistency reliability of NOTSSdk, and to estimate how many operations were needed to obtain reliable ratings of a trainee surgeon's NTS.

[Experience with the training of non-technical skills on a course for surgical trainees].

This paper describes the introduction of the training of non-technical skills on a mandatory course for surgical trainees. The training consisted of an introduction to non-technical skills in a plenum session and was followed by a full-scale simulation with debriefing in which participants reflected on their actions. Evaluations showed that > 90% of the participants found that the subject was relevant for their further training and some requested more simulation training.

Reliable assessment of general surgeons' non-technical skills based on video-recordings of patient simulated scenarios.

Background: Nontechnical skills are essential for safe and efficient surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of an assessment tool for surgeons' nontechnical skills, Non-Technical Skills for Surgeons dk (NOTSSdk), and the effect of rater training.

Methods: A 1-day course was conducted for 15 general surgeons in which they rated surgeons' nontechnical skills in 9 video recordings of scenarios simulating real intraoperative situations.

[Subphrenic Meckel's diverticulum as a differential diagnosis to Chilaiditi's syndrome].

Meckel's diverticulum (MD) occurs in 2-4% of the population and is the most common congenital abnormality of the gastrointestinal tract. A 67 year-old woman was admitted with acute abdomen. Abdominal X-ray showed pneumoperitoneum.

Effects of intravenous fluid restriction on postoperative complications: comparison of two perioperative fluid regimens: a randomized assessor-blinded multicenter trial.

Objective: To investigate the effect of a restricted intravenous fluid regimen versus a standard regimen on complications after colorectal resection.

Summary Background Data: Current fluid administration in major surgery causes a weight increase of 3-6 kg. Complications after colorectal surgery are reported in up to 68% of patients.