Service disruptions, trauma and burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic among healthcare providers delivering immunisation and maternal and child health services in Indonesia.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in extreme strain on health systems including the health workforce, essential health services and vaccination coverage. We examined disruptions to immunisation and maternal and child health (MCH) services, concerns of personal well-being and delivery of healthcare during the pandemic as well as factors associated with self-reported trauma or burnout among healthcare providers (HCPs).

Methods: In March-April 2022, we conducted a cross-sectional survey among HCPs in two provinces of Indonesia.

Influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on caregiver beliefs and experiences of routine childhood immunisation in Indonesia.

The COVID-19 pandemic contributed to significant health services declines in South-East Asia including Indonesia, which experienced a decline in routine immunisation of children. This study investigated the influence of the pandemic on the beliefs and experiences of caregivers of children related to routine immunisation. This study involved a cross-sectional survey among 1399 caregivers of children aged 0-24 months in Central Java and West Nusa Tenggara provinces from March-April 2022.

General population screening for paediatric type 1 diabetes-A qualitative study of UK professional stakeholders.

Aims: Identifying children at risk of type 1 diabetes allows education for symptom recognition and monitoring to reduce the risk of diabetic ketoacidosis at presentation. We aimed to explore stakeholder views towards paediatric general population screening for type 1 diabetes in the United Kingdom (UK).

Methods: Qualitative interviews were undertaken with 25 stakeholders, including diabetes specialists, policymakers and community stakeholders who could be involved in a future type 1 diabetes screening programme in the UK.

Development and evaluation of low-volume tests to detect and characterize antibodies to SARS-CoV-2.

Low-volume antibody assays can be used to track SARS-CoV-2 infection rates in settings where active testing for virus is limited and remote sampling is optimal. We developed 12 ELISAs detecting total or antibody isotypes to SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid, spike protein or its receptor binding domain (RBD), 3 anti-RBD isotype specific luciferase immunoprecipitation system (LIPS) assays and a novel Spike-RBD bridging LIPS total-antibody assay. We utilized pre-pandemic (n=984) and confirmed/suspected recent COVID-19 sera taken pre-vaccination rollout in 2020 (n=269).

Prevalence of, and factors associated with anaemia in children aged 1-3 years in Aceh, Indonesia: A cross-sectional study.

Child anaemia continues to represent a major public health challenge in lower-and-middle income countries. It has serious long-term consequences for child growth and development. In Indonesia, there was a 10% increase in the national prevalence of child anaemia between 2013 and 2018.

Anterior Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis for Humeral Shaft Fractures Is Safer Than Open Reduction Internal Fixation: A Matched Case-Controlled Comparison.

Objective: Compare anterior minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) to open reduction/internal fixation (ORIF) for humeral shaft fractures, assessing complications and clinical outcomes.

Design: Retrospective matched case-controlled cohort.

Setting: Tertiary referral trauma centre.

FDA approved vs. Pharmacy compounded 17-OHPC-current issues for obstetricians to consider in reducing recurrent preterm birth.

17α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17-OHPC; MAKENA and generic equivalents) is the only FDA-approved medicine available to reduce the risk of preterm birth (PTB) in pregnant women with a singleton pregnancy who have a history of singleton spontaneous PTB. The FDA held an Advisory Committee meeting in October 2019 to review conflicting data between one positive U.S.

Delayed stabilisation of dynamically unstable syndesmotic injuries results in worse functional outcomes.

Purpose: Patients with primarily ligamentous injuries of the distal tibiofibular joint comprise up to 12% of all ankle sprains. Patients frequently present late after a syndesmosis injury and delayed treatment potentially leads to pain, prolonged disability and arthritis in the long term. This study aimed to assess clinical outcomes in patients who required syndesmosis fixation in the presence of arthroscopically proven instability, the hypothesis being that a delay to treatment would be associated with worse function.

MRI for high ankle sprains with an unstable syndesmosis: posterior malleolus bone oedema is common and time to scan matters.

Purpose: Early clinical examination combined with MRI allows accurate diagnosis of syndesmosis instability after a high ankle sprain. However, patients often present late. The aims of the current study were to describe MRI characteristics associated with syndesmosis instability and to test the hypothesis that MRI patterns would differ according to time from injury.

HIV prevalence and related behaviours of older people in Botswana - secondary analysis of the Botswana AIDS Impact Survey (BAIS) IV.

The focus of HIV interventions in Botswana, a country with the second highest prevalence of HIV in the world, remains targeted at those aged 15-49 years despite a growing cohort of older people living with the disease - driven largely by the successful roll-out of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Primarily utilising the Botswana AIDS Impact Survey IV, we set out to examine HIV related characteristics and behaviours of this often ignored older cohort (50-64 years) relative to younger (25-49 years) adults. Analysis revealed that more than 80% of older people living with HIV were on ART.

Minimally Invasive Tendon Release for Symptomatic Accessory Soleus Muscle in an Athlete: A Case Report.

The accessory soleus muscle can pose a diagnostic dilemma for exertional ankle pain, especially in athletes. Once diagnosed, the current treatment options require an extensile approach and can be associated with substantial risk and a slow recovery. We describe a minimally invasive, safe method that has proved successful in our practice.

Bartonella henselae infection in a dog with recalcitrant ineffective erythropoiesis.

Ineffective erythropoiesis was diagnosed in an 8-year-old male castrated Labrador Retriever. Despite treatment with immunosuppressive therapy for suspected immune-mediated erythrocyte maturation arrest, resolution of the nonregenerative anemia was not achieved. Following documentation of Bartonella henselae bacteremia by Bartonella alpha proteobacteria growth medium (BAPGM) enrichment blood culture, immunosuppressive therapy was discontinued, and the anemia resolved following prolonged antibiotic therapy.

Chronic disease, risk factors and disability in adults aged 50 and above living with and without HIV: findings from the Wellbeing of Older People Study in Uganda.

Background: Data on the prevalence of chronic conditions, their risk factors, and their associations with disability in older people living with and without HIV are scarce in sub-Saharan Africa.

Objectives: In older people living with and without HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: 1) to describe the prevalence of chronic conditions and their risk factors and 2) to draw attention to associations between chronic conditions and disability.

Methods: Cross-sectional individual-level survey data from people aged 50 years and over living with and without HIV were analyzed from three study sites in Uganda.

Health expenditure and catastrophic spending among older adults living with HIV.

Introduction: The burden of HIV is increasing among adults aged over 50, who generally experience increased risk of cormorbid illnesses and poorer financial protection. We compared patterns of health utilisation and expenditure among HIV-positive and HIV-negative adults over 50.

Methods: Data were drawn from the Study on global AGEing and adult health in South Africa with analysis focusing on individual and household-level data of 147 HIV-positive and 2725 HIV-negative respondents.

An internet based approach to improve general practitioners' knowledge and practices: the development and pilot testing of the "ABC's of vitamin D" program.

Background: Online continuing medical education (CME) offers a number of advantages for physicians including flexibility with regards to location and timing of use. In order to effect physician practices and improve patient outcomes, it is important that the development of online CME is theory and evidence-based.

Objectives: This paper aims to describe the development of an online CME program for practising general practitioners (GPs) on vitamin D and sun health called "The ABC's of Vitamin D for GPs" using elements of design principles for physician-education web sites as a framework.

Risk and liabilities of prescribing compounded medications.

Complications resulting from the use of compounded medications have become a troubling trend nationwide. There is a significant potential for patients to suffer serious harm from the use of substandard medications prepared by compounding pharmacies, and the reality of this problem has been demonstrated in several well-publicized incidences of serious medical complications, including patient deaths, that directly resulted from the use of medications prepared at compounding pharmacies. Unlike US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs, compounded products are not required to meet evidentiary standards for establishing safety and efficacy.

Reaching the hard-to-reach: a systematic review of strategies for improving health and medical research with socially disadvantaged groups.

Background: This study aims to review the literature regarding the barriers to sampling, recruitment, participation, and retention of members of socioeconomically disadvantaged groups in health research and strategies for increasing the amount of health research conducted with socially disadvantaged groups.

Methods: A systematic review with narrative synthesis was conducted. Searches of electronic databases Medline, PsychInfo, EMBASE, Social Science Index via Web of Knowledge and CINHAL were conducted for English language articles published up to May 2013.

Potential risks of pharmacy compounding.

Pharmacy compounding involves the preparation of customized medications that are not commercially available for individual patients with specialized medical needs. Traditional pharmacy compounding is appropriate when done on a small scale by pharmacists who prepare the medication based on an individual prescription. However, the regulatory oversight of pharmacy compounding is significantly less rigorous than that required for Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs; as such, compounded drugs may pose additional risks to patients.

People with an intellectual disability living in an intentional community.

Background: Hospital closure programmes in England have generally sought to attain a fulfilling life for people with an intellectual disability by locating them in domestic-style housing in urban settings. Few have been placed in intentional or 'village' communities. Yet comparative studies of different housing types have found that intentional communities have better or similar outcomes for their residents than dispersed housing or residential clusters on former hospital sites.

Isolated liver perfusion permits administration of high doses of chemotherapeutic agents. Comparison with hepatic artery infusion.

Tumor cells are dependent on glutamine metabolism and acivicin, which is a selective glutamine antagonist, has been shown to effectively retard tumor growth in several malignancies. However, systemic treatment with acivicin is associated with significant side effects. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether use of an in vivo isolated liver perfusion model may allow administration of lethal doses of acivicin and compare it to regional infusion of acivicin in the hepatic artery.

Enzyme exposure, smoking and lung function in employees in the detergent industry over 20 years. Medical Subcommittee of the UK Soap and Detergent Industry Association.

This study was undertaken to examine the long term relationship between lung function, smoking and exposure to enzymes in the detergent industry. A total of 731 male workers from five locations in the United Kingdom were subject to respiratory health surveillance including lung function testing over a period of 4-20 years. Exposure groups were defined by job history.

Immune-mediated vasculitis in five dogs.

Vasculitis was diagnosed in 5 dogs. Clinical signs varied, but all 5 dogs had signs of systemic illness. Inflammation and fibrinoid necrosis of small blood vessels were consistent findings.