Body Size-Specific Organ and Effective Doses of Chest CT Screening Examinations of the National Lung Screening Trial.

Objective: We calculated body size-specific organ and effective doses for 23,734 participants in the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) using a CT dose calculator.

Materials And Methods: We collected participant-specific technical parameters of 23,734 participants who underwent CT in the clinical trial. For each participant, we calculated two sets of organ doses using two methods.

Calculation of Organ Doses for a Large Number of Patients Undergoing CT Examinations.

Objective: The objective of our study was to develop an automated calculation method to provide organ dose assessment for a large cohort of pediatric and adult patients undergoing CT examinations.

Materials And Methods: We adopted two dose libraries that were previously published: the volume CT dose index-normalized organ dose library and the tube current-exposure time product (100 mAs)-normalized weighted CT dose index library. We developed an algorithm to calculate organ doses using the two dose libraries and the CT parameters available from DICOM data.

Effective dose assessment for participants in the National Lung Screening Trial undergoing posteroanterior chest radiographic examinations.

Objective: The National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) is a multicenter randomized controlled trial comparing low-dose helical CT with chest radiography in the screening of older current and former heavy smokers for early detection of lung cancer. Recruitment was launched in September 2002 and ended in April 2004, when 53,454 participants had been randomized at 33 screening sites. The objective of this study was to determine the effective radiation dose associated with individual chest radiographic screening examinations.

Use of diagnostic imaging studies and associated radiation exposure for patients enrolled in large integrated health care systems, 1996-2010.

Context: Use of diagnostic imaging has increased significantly within fee-for-service models of care. Little is known about patterns of imaging among members of integrated health care systems.

Objective: To estimate trends in imaging utilization and associated radiation exposure among members of integrated health care systems.

Estimated radiation dose associated with low-dose chest CT of average-size participants in the National Lung Screening Trial.

Objective: The objective of our study was to determine the distribution of effective dose associated with a single low-dose CT chest examination of average-size participants in the National Lung Screening Trial. Organ doses were also investigated.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-three sites nationwide provided volume CT dose index (CTDI(vol)) data annually for the 97 MDCT scanners used to image 26,724 participants during the trial.

Normalized CT dose index of the CT scanners used in the National Lung Screening Trial.

Objective: The National Lung Screening Trial includes 33 participating institutions that performed 75,133 lung cancer screening CT examinations for 26,724 subjects during 2002-2007. For trial quality assurance reasons, CT radiation dose measurement data were collected from all MDCT scanners used in the trial.

Materials And Methods: A total of 247 measurements on 96 MDCT scanners were collected using a standard CT dose index (CTDI) measurement protocol.

Characterization of microbial contamination in United States Air Force aviation fuel tanks.

Bacteria and fungi, isolated from United States Air Force (USAF) aviation fuel samples, were identified by gas chromatograph fatty acid methyl ester (GC-FAME) profiling and 16S or 18S rRNA gene sequencing. Thirty-six samples from 11 geographically separated USAF bases were collected. At each base, an above-ground storage tank, a refueling truck, and an aircraft wing tank were sampled at the lowest sample point, or sump, to investigate microbial diversity and dispersion within the fuel distribution chain.

Radiation dose reduction to medical staff during vertebroplasty: a review of techniques and methods to mitigate occupational dose.

Study Design: Case crossover design was conducted.

Objectives: The purpose of the current study was to determine the radiation exposure level of operators performing fluoroscopically assisted vertebroplasty and to determine optimal techniques to reduce this exposure.

Summary Of Background Data: The use of ionizing radiation to provide quality imaging during minimally invasive orthopedic procedures has dramatically increased.