Magnetic engineering nanoparticles: Versatile tools revolutionizing biomedical applications.

The use of nanoparticles has increased significantly over the past few years in a number of fields, including diagnostics, biomedicine, environmental remediation, and water treatment, generating public interest. Among various types of nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have emerged as an essential tool for biomedical applications due to their distinct physicochemical properties compared to other nanoparticles. This review article focuses on the recent growth of MNPs and comprehensively reviews the advantages, multifunctional approaches, biomedical applications, and latest research on MNPs employed in various biomedical techniques.

Mechanistic Evaluation of miRNAs and Their Targeted Genes in the Pathogenesis and Therapeutics of Parkinson's Disease.

MicroRNA (miRNA) are usually 18-25 nucleotides long non-coding RNA targeting post-transcriptional regulation of genes involved in various biological processes. The function of miRNA is essential for maintaining a homeostatic cellular condition, regulating autophagy, cellular motility, and inflammation. Dysregulation of miRNA is responsible for multiple disorders, including neurodegeneration, which has emerged as a severe problem in recent times and has verified itself as a life-threatening condition that can be understood by the continuous destruction of neurons affecting various cognitive and motor functions.

Concurrent Abdominal and Mediastinal Hydatid Cystic Disease: A Rare Case.

Hydatid disease in humans is caused by accidental ingestion of in its larval form. It mostly affects the liver and lungs, but rarely the mediastinum and other areas as well. The diagnosis is mostly confirmed intraoperatively in cases of mediastinal disease.

Discordance in Recommendation Between Next-Generation Sequencing Test Reports and Molecular Tumor Boards in India.

Purpose: Accurate understanding of the genomic and transcriptomic data provided by next-generation sequencing (NGS) is essential for the effective utilization of precision oncology. Molecular tumor boards (MTBs) aim to translate the complex data in NGS reports into effective clinical interventions. Often, MTB treatment recommendations differ from those in the NGS reports.

Fauna Associated with American Alligator () Nests in Coastal South Carolina, USA.

Crocodilians are considered to be "ecosystem engineers" because their modification of habitats provides opportunities for feeding, drinking, breeding, and other vital life activities to a wide variety of other animals. One such habitat modification is the construction of nest mounds during the breeding season by most crocodilian species, including American alligators (). While many reports exist describing wildlife associated with alligator nests, no studies have quantified faunal associates and their corresponding behaviors while visiting nests.

The influence of incubation temperature on offspring traits varies across northern and southern populations of the American alligator ().

Maternal provisioning and the developmental environment are fundamental determinants of offspring traits, particularly in oviparous species. However, the extent to which embryonic responses to these factors differ across populations to drive phenotypic variation is not well understood. Here, we examine the contributions of maternal provisioning and incubation temperature to hatchling morphological and metabolic traits across four populations of the American alligator (), encompassing a large portion of the species' latitudinal range.

Transboundary Cooperation in the Tumen River Basin Is the Key to Amur Leopard () Population Recovery in the Korean Peninsula.

The interconnected forest regions along the lower Tumen River, at the Sino-North Korean border, provide critical habitats and corridors for the critically endangered Amur Leopard (). In this region, there are two promising corridors for leopard movement between China and North Korea: the Jingxin-Dapanling (JD) and Mijiang (MJ) corridors. Past studies have confirmed the functionality of the JD corridor, but leopards' utilization of the MJ corridor has not yet been established or confirmed.

Metarhabditis amsactae: A potential biopesticide isolated from Punjab (India) with potent insecticidal activity and immunomodulatory effects against Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae).

A survey was undertaken to isolate entomopathogenic nematodes from Amritsar district of Punjab, India. Out of 20 soil samples collected, two were found positive for the presence of nematodes. 18S and ITS rDNA gene sequencing revealed their identity as Metarhabditis amsactae.

Saussurea costus (Falc.) Lipsch.: a comprehensive review of its pharmacology, phytochemicals, ethnobotanical uses, and therapeutic potential.

Saussurea costus (Falc.) Lipsch., commonly known as costus, is a perennial herb that has been traditionally used in various indigenous medicinal systems across Asia.

Mechanistic role and potential of Ayurvedic herbs as anti-aging therapies.

Introduction: Medicinal plants and herbs are the most important part of the Ayurveda. The term Rasayana in Charaka Samhita confers long life, youthfulness, strong body, freedom from diseases and the plants mentioned in Rsayana possess antiaging property. Aging is the collective term used for the complex detrimental physiological changes that reduce the functional ability of the cell.

Farmers' perception of the ecosystem services provided by diurnal raptors in arid Rajasthan.

Farmers are the most important stakeholders in wildlife conservation in the agricultural landscape. Understanding the farmer's perceptions, attitude, behaviour, and knowledge toward conservation is critical in developing an effective conservation programme in human-dominated landscapes. We conducted semi-structured face-to-face interviews with 373 farmers to understand the farmer's perception of ecosystem services provided by diurnal raptors in the arid region of Rajasthan from July 2020 to February 2021 and from August 2021 to January 2022.

Ecosystem services provided by striped hyenas in the human-dominated landscape of Rajasthan, India.

In human-dominated landscapes, quantifying ecosystem services in terms of economic benefits could contribute to establishing peaceful coexistence between humans and large carnivores. In this study, we estimated the monetary value of scavenging benefits provided by striped hyenas (Hyaena hyaena) in an anthropogenic landscape in the semi-arid region of Rajasthan, India. We converted the value of domestic livestock carcasses consumed by striped hyenas from opportunity costs to quantify the value of this important ecosystem service to local people.

Consensus guidelines for the management of HR-positive HER2/neu negative early breast cancer in India, SAARC region and other LMIC by DELPHI survey method.

Background: Precise prognostication is the key to optimum and effective treatment planning for early-stage hormone receptor (HR) positive, HER2/neu negative breast cancer patients. Differences in the breast cancer incidence and tumor anatomical features at diagnosis, pharmacogenomics data between Western and Indian women along with the vast diversity in the economic status and differences in insurance policies of these regions; suggest recommendations put forward for Western women might not be applicable to Indian/Asian women. Opinions from oncologists through a voting survey on various prognostic factors/tools to be considered for planning adjuvant therapy are consolidated in this report for the benefit of oncologists of the sub-continent, SAARC and Asia's LMIC (low and middle-income countries).

Mechanistic role and potential of Ayurvedic herbs as anti-aging therapies.

Introduction: Medicinal plants and herbs are the most important part of the Ayurveda. The term Rasayana in Charaka Samhita confers long life, youthfulness, strong body, freedom from diseases and the plants mentioned in Rsayana possess antiaging property. Aging is the collective term used for the complex detrimental physiological changes that reduce the functional ability of the cell.

Effect of fungicidal contamination on survival, morphology, and cellular immunity of (Hymenoptera: Apidae).

Pesticide residues have been reported in hive-stored products for long periods. Larvae of honey bees experience oral or contact exposure to these products during their normal growth and development inside the cells. We analyzed various toxicological, morphogenic, and immunological effects of residue-based concentrations of two fungicides, captan and difenoconazole, on the larvae of worker honey bees, .

Influence of New FIGO 2018 Staging on Treatment Outcomes in Early-Stage Cervical Cancer: A Single-Center Study.

Satinder Kaur  The aim of this article was to study survival outcomes of early-stage cervical cancer patients and impact on survival after restaging them as per International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) 2018.  A retrospective study was conducted from June 1, 2013 to May 31, 2018 in a tertiary care hospital in North India. One-hundred patients of early-stage cervical cancer (as per FIGO 2009 staging) who had been treated by surgery followed by risk based tailored adjuvant therapy in our hospital were evaluated.

A Rare Case of Portal Vein Thrombosis Following a Successful Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy.

The function of the portal vein is to drain the blood mainly from the gastrointestinal tract to the liver and its thrombosis is an extremely unexpected outcome of an uncomplicated laparoscopic cholecystectomy. It is believed to be a rarely reported case to date in non-cirrhotic patients. A female patient, aged 43 years, presented to the surgical outpatient department with unexplained severe abdominal pain soon after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Rare case of high amylase pleural effusion without pancreatitis, oesophageal rupture or malignancy.

High amylase pleural effusion remains an entity which includes a wide variety of differentials, with pancreatitis, oesophageal rupture or malignant pleural effusion being most commonly encountered in clinical practice. Keeping the clinical picture (suggestive of pain in abdomen preceding any respiratory complaints) and differentials at hand, the case was evaluated with contrast-enhanced CT of the thorax and abdomen which revealed normal pancreatic architecture and no abnormal communication was noted between the pancreas and pleural space. A contrast oesophagogram, done when pancreatitis was ruled out, showed no evidence of any leak.

Chemotherapy Associated Bilateral Secondary Spontaneous Pneumothorax.

Chemotherapy-associated pneumothorax is a rarely encountered oncological emergency. Herein, we present a rare chemotherapy-associated bilateral secondary spontaneous pneumothorax case of a man in his 60s with invasive breast carcinoma after four cycles of chemotherapy. He presented to our emergency department with acute onset dyspnea and left-sided pleuritic chest pain.

Dengue virus co-opts innate type 2 pathways to escape early control of viral replication.

Mast cell products and high levels of type 2 cytokines are associated with severe dengue disease. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) are type-2 cytokine-producing cells that are activated by epithelial cytokines and mast cell-derived lipid mediators. Through ex vivo RNAseq analysis, we observed that ILC2 are activated during acute dengue viral infection, and show an impaired type I-IFN signature in severe disease.

Dysregulated miRNAs in Progression and Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive degeneration of neurons due to the accumulation of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) and hyper-phosphorylation of tau protein in the neuronal milieu leading to increased oxidative stress and apoptosis. Numerous factors contribute towards the progression of AD, including miRNA, which are 22-24 nucleotides long sequence which acts as critical regulators of cellular processes by binding to 3' UTR of mRNA, regulating its expression post-transcriptionally. This review aims to determine the miRNA with the most significant dysregulation in the brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of human patients.

Hypothalamic Kisspeptin Neurons: Integral Elements of the GnRH System.

Highly sophisticated and synchronized interactions of various cells and hormonal signals are required to make organisms competent for reproduction. GnRH neurons act as a common pathway for multiple cues for the onset of puberty and attaining reproductive function. GnRH is not directly receptive to most of the signals required for the GnRH secretion during the various phases of the ovarian cycle.

High striped hyena density suggests coexistence with humans in an agricultural landscape, Rajasthan.

Understanding the mechanism of coexistence, where carnivores adapt to humans and vice versa in the shared landscape, is a key determinant of long-term carnivore conservation but is yet to be comprehensively examined. We explored the coexistence mechanism of striped hyena (Hyaena hyaena) and humans in the shared landscape of Sawai Mansingh Wildlife Sanctuary (SMS WLS), Rajasthan, from November 2019 to March 2021. We used data derived from motion sensors-based surveys, satellite remote sensing images, and household questionnaires to understand socio-ecological, environmental and anthropogenic factors facilitating hyena persistence in the shared landscape.

Smart Healthcare System with Light-Weighted Blockchain System and Deep Learning Techniques.

A radio communication sensor system is a collection of sensor modules that are connected to one another through wireless communication. It is common for them to be battery-powered and responsive to a nearby controller, referred to as the base station. They are capable of doing basic computations and transferring information to the base station in most scenarios.