The data are aerial images and ground tree measurement data of 3 citrus rootstock trials. Developing new citrus rootstock varieties requires field trials to test to identify selections with improved horticultural performance. A bud from a scion variety is grafted onto the rootstock and grown in a nursery until the grafted plant is ready to be planted in the field, which is in about one year.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe data are images of Valencia sweet orange nonembryogenic tissue grown on different culture media that varied in the composition of the mineral nutrients from three experiments. Experiment 1 was a 5-factor d-optimal response surface design of five groupings of the component salts that make up Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal salt medium. Experiment 2 was a 3-factor d-optimal response surface design of extended ranges of factors 1, 2, and 3 from Experiment 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNodule-specific cysteine-rich (NCR) peptides, encoded in the genome of the Mediterranean legume (barrelclover), are known to regulate plant-microbe interactions. A subset of computationally derived 20-mer peptide fragments from 182 NCR peptides was synthesized to identify those with activity against the unculturable vascular pathogen associated with citrus greening disease, ' Liberibacter asiaticus' (Las). Grounded in a design of experiments framework, we evaluated the peptides in a screening pipeline involving three distinct assays: a bacterial culture assay with , a Las-infected excised citrus leaf assay, and an assay to evaluate effects on bacterial acquisition by the nymphal stage of hemipteran vector A subset of the 20-mer NCR peptide fragments inhibits both Las growth in citrus leaves and Las acquisition by .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCommercial citrus trees are composed of a scion grafted onto a rootstock. Because grafting is one of the most expensive methods of plant propagation, grafting efficiency is of large practical importance. The purpose of this study was to improve citrus bud-grafting efficiency.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTesting the function of therapeutic compounds in plants is an important component of agricultural research. Foliar and soil-drench methods are routine but have drawbacks, including variable uptake and the environmental breakdown of tested molecules. Trunk injection of trees is well-established, but most methods for this require expensive, proprietary equipment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) technology is a powerful genome editing tool. Recently developed CRISPR-Cas12a system confers several advantages over CRISPR-Cas9, making it ideal for use in plant genome editing and crop improvement. While traditional transformation methods based on plasmid delivery pose concerns associated with transgene integration and off-target effects, CRISPR-Cas12a delivered as ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) can effectively alleviate these potential issues.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHuanglongbing (HLB), referred to as citrus greening disease, is a bacterial disease impacting citrus production worldwide and is fatal to young trees and mature trees of certain varieties. In some areas, the disease is devastating the citrus industry. A successful solution to HLB will be measured in economics: citrus growers need treatments that improve tree health, fruit production, and most importantly, economic yield.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) mediated genome editing is a powerful approach for crop improvement. Traditional transformation methods based on plasmid delivery pose concerns associated with transgene integration and off-target effects. CRISPR delivered as ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) can prevent exogenous DNA integration, minimize off-target effects, and reduce cellular toxicity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMethods Mol Biol
August 2021
Anther and microspore culture for producing haploid plants are very complex systems and include general effects where the specific effects must be identified and optimized to develop culture systems capable of producing the large numbers of haploids required by breeding programs. These general effects include genotype, physiological state of the source plant, age of the anthers and microspores, preculture treatments, culture conditions, and culture media. Design of experiments (DoE) is an experimental approach specifically designed to identify and optimize the multiple factors that make up complex systems, and is ideally suited for developing in vitro systems to produce haploids.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMultivariate geometric designs for mixture experiments and response surface methodology (RSM) were tested as a means of optimizing plant mixtures to support generalist predatory arthropods. The mixture design included 14 treatment groups, each comprised of six planters and having a proportion of 0.00, 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe western corn rootworm (WCR), Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, is an important pest of maize (Zea mays L.). Published WCR diets contain corn root powder, which is not available for purchase, thereby limiting the practical use of diets containing this ingredient.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe northern corn rootworm (NCR), Diabrotica barberi Smith & Lawrence, is a major pest of maize (Zea mays L.). This pest has developed resistance to insecticides and adapted to crop rotation and may already be in the early stages of adaptation to toxins produced by Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiodegradable pH-responsive polysuccinimide nanoparticles (PSI-NPs) are synthesized for directly delivering agrochemicals to plant phloem to improve their efficacy. The PSI-NPs have an average size of 20.6 nm with negative charge on the surface.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFField experiments were carried out to study responses of male moths of the carpenterworm, Chilecomadia valdiviana (Lepidoptera: Cossidae), a pest of tree and fruit crops in Chile, to five compounds previously identified from the pheromone glands of females. Previously, attraction of males to the major component, (7Z,10Z)-7,10-hexadecadienal, was clearly demonstrated while the role of the minor components was uncertain due to the use of an experimental design that left large portions of the design space unexplored. We used mixture designs to study the potential contributions to trap catch of the four minor pheromone components produced by C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe western corn rootworm (WCR), Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, is the most serious insect pest of corn (Zea mays L.) in the United States and parts of Europe, and arguably one of the world's most expensive pests to control. Several diet formulations are currently used by industry and public researchers to evaluate WCR larvae in diet-toxicity bioassays.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiaprepes abbreviatus (L.) is an important pest of citrus in the USA. Currently, no effective management strategies of D.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFARS-Media for Excel is an ion solution calculator that uses "Microsoft Excel" to generate recipes of salts for complex ion mixtures specified by the user. Generating salt combinations (recipes) that result in pre-specified target ion values is a linear programming problem. Excel's Solver add-on solves the linear programming equation to generate a recipe.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHost plant resistance to insect attack and expansion of insect pests to novel hosts may to be modulated by phenolic compounds in host plants. Many studies have evaluated the role of phenolics in host plant resistance and the effect of phenolics on herbivore performance, but few studies have tested the joint effect of several compounds. Here, we used mixture-amount experimental design and response surface modeling to study the effects of a variety of phenolic compounds on the development and survival of Mexican fruit fly (Anastrepha ludens [Loew]), a notorious polyphagous pest of fruit crops that is likely to expand its distribution range under climate change scenarios.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Citrus has an extended juvenile phase and trees can take 2-20 years to transition to the adult reproductive phase and produce fruit. For citrus variety development this substantially prolongs the time before adult traits, such as fruit yield and quality, can be evaluated. Methods to transform tissue from mature citrus trees would shorten the evaluation period via the direct production of adult phase transgenic citrus trees.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe objective of this study was to improve the growth of in vitro shoot cultures of Brugmansia × candida 'Creamsickle'. Several mineral nutrient experiments were conducted to determine the effect of NH4 (+), NO3 (-), K(+), FeSO4/EDTA, ZnSO4, MnSO4, and CuSO4 on quality, leaf width and length, size and weight of shoot mass, and shoot number. The experiment to determine the levels of NH4 (+), NO3 (-), and K(+), was conducted as a 2-component NH4 (+): K(+) mixture crossed by [NO3 (-)] and resulted in an experimental design free of ion confounding and capable of separating the effects of proportion and concentration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe root weevil Diaprepes abbreviatus L. has been continuously reared since 1992 on an artificial diet (F1675) first reported in 1982. The weight of weevils reared on F1675 was more than twice as great as field-collected individuals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExperimental designs developed to address mixtures are suited ideally to many areas of experimental biology, including pheromone blend studies, because such designs address the confounding of proportionality and concentration intrinsic to factorial and one-factor-at-a-time designs. Geometric multivariate designs coupled with response surface modeling allowed us to identify optimal blends of a two-component pheromone for attraction and trap disruption of the leafminer moth, Phyllocnistis citrella, a major pest in citrus growing areas around the world. Field trials confirmed that the natural 3:1 blend of (Z,Z,E)-7,11,13-hexadecatrienal:(Z,Z)-7,11-hexadecadienal was most effective as an attractant for male moths.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2009