The Association of Transcription Factor 7 like 2 Gene Polymorphism with Diabetic Nephropathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: The exact relationship between the different TCF7L2 gene polymorphisms and the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN) remains unclear.

Objective: To investigate the association of TCF7L2 rs12255372 (G/T) gene polymorphism and diabetic nephropathy (DN) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: 100 patients with T2D (50 patients without DN and 50 patients with DN) and 50 age and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) were enrolled in the study.

Thyroid dysfunction among type 2 diabetic female Egyptian subjects.

Purpose: High prevalence of thyroid disorders is more common in type 1 diabetes compared to type 2 diabetes, due to associated autoimmunity. Hypothyroidism is the most common disorder. The objective was to assess the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction among type 2 diabetic Egyptian females and to find the correlation between metabolic syndrome components and autoimmune thyroid dysfunction.

Vitamin D as a risk factor for premature atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background: Several cardiovascular risk factors have been recognized in patients with diabetes and vitamin D deficiency is emerging as a new risk. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of vitamin D deficiency on the incidence of premature atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: A total of 78 patients with type 2 diabetes were subjected to history taking, physical examination, fasting glucose level, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, lipid profile, 25(OH) vitamin D measurement, and carotid Doppler.

Association of tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene polymorphisms with juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus nephritis in a cohort of egyptian patients.

Introduction: The production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha has been deeply deregulated in systemic lupus erythematosus. We evaluated the association of -863C>A and -1031T>C polymorphisms of the TNF gene with susceptibility to and clinical manifestations of juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus.

Materials And Methods: This study was performed on 70 juvenile patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (mean age, 13.