Stomach content analysis of Euthynnus affinis, Auxis thazard and Auxis rochei of the coastal waters of Sri Lanka by DNA barcoding.

Background: Analysis of the content of the gut of fish helps in the understanding of their inter- and intra-specific interactions, fish behaviour, condition and energy intake. The stomach contents of the commercially important neritic tuna species of Sri Lanka, kawakawa (Euthynnus affinis), frigate tuna (Auxis thazard) and bullet tuna (Auxis rochei) were analysed to determine their feeding habits and to identify prey species.

Methods And Results: The weighed stomachs of fish were dissected to reveal the types of prey found within.

Analysis of Opioid Prescribing Trends Following Thyroidectomy and Parathyroidectomy Before and After the 2021 American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Opioid Prescribing Clinical Practice Guidelines.

Objective: To evaluate the trends in opioid and nonopioid prescribing for thyroidectomy and parathyroidectomy before and after the publication of guidelines by the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery in April 2021.

Study Design: Retrospective.

Setting: Eighty-three health care organizations in the United States that contribute to the TriNetX database.

Rapid and Resilient LoRa Leap: A Novel Multi-Hop Architecture for Decentralised Earthquake Early Warning Systems.

We introduce a novel LoRa-based multi-hop communication architecture as an alternative to the public internet for earthquake early warning (EEW). We examine its effectiveness in generating a meaningful warning window for the New Zealand-based decentralised EEW sensor network implemented by the CRISiSLab operating with the adapted Propagation of Local Undamped Motion (PLUM)-based earthquake detection and node-level data processing. LoRa, popular for low-power, long-range applications, has the disadvantage of long transmission time for time-critical tasks like EEW.

Denosumab-Induced Maxillary Osteonecrosis: A Case Study on Long-Term Complications in Multiple Myeloma Treatment.

Targeted therapies like denosumab have revolutionized multiple myeloma (MM) treatment, improved patient outcomes while introducing long-term complications. This study explores a rare instance of delayed maxillary osteonecrosis post-denosumab therapy, delving into its pathophysiology and management. A 40-year-old male MM patient who developed a painful palatal lesion post denosumab treatment and diagnosed of maxillary osteonecrosis by computed tomography scan and surgical biopsy is presented.

Transoral Robotic Surgery for Oropharyngeal and Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

With oropharyngeal cancer incidence rising globally, largely due to human papillomavirus (HPV), and hypopharyngeal cancer known for poor outcomes, innovative treatments are needed. Transoral robotic surgery (TORS) offers a minimally invasive approach that may improve upon traditional open surgery and radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy (RT/CRT) methods. We conducted a literature review and included 40 PubMed studies comparing TORS, open surgery, and RT/CRT for oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), focusing on survival rates and swallowing function outcomes.

Surgical Management of a Large Well-Differentiated Liposarcoma in the Supraclavicular Fossa: A Case Report.

Liposarcomas originating in the supraclavicular fossa are exceptionally rare, with only a few documented cases in the medical literature. We present a unique case involving a remarkably large indolent, atypical lipomatous tumor or well-differentiated liposarcoma situated in the right supraclavicular region, measuring 18 cm × 18 cm × 17 cm. To our knowledge, this represents the largest liposarcoma found in the supraclavicular fossa reported in the literature.

Medical Honey in Head and Neck Cancer.

Medical honey has been recognized for its medicinal properties for thousands of years, and several medical honey products have entered the market over the last two decades. In vitro studies have shown that honey has antimicrobial properties, protects against bacterial growth, and improves wound healing. However, these products are not widely used for wound treatment in head and neck surgery.

Predictors of in-hospital mortality in stroke patients.

In-hospital mortality is a good indicator to assess the efficacy of stroke care. Identifying the predictors of in-hospital mortality is important to advance the stroke outcome and plan the future strategies of stroke management. This was a prospective cohort study conducted at a tertiary referral center in Sri Lanka to identify the possible predictors of in-hospital mortality.

Safety of microvascular free tissue transfer reconstruction of the head and neck in the setting of chronic pharmacologic immunosuppression.

Background: Patients on chronic pharmacologic immunosuppressive therapy are at increased risk of wound infection and complications after surgery. There is a paucity of data examining perioperative complications after microvascular free tissue transfer (MVFTT) reconstruction of the head and neck in this patient population.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study performed at two tertiary referral centers between August 2016 and May 2020.

Predictors of Nodal Metastasis in Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of the Oral Cavity and Oropharynx.

Introduction: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) of the upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) is an uncommon malignancy, with limited literature available on its clinical and pathologic characteristics. Here, we describe the behavior of MEC of the UADT including pathologic characteristics and predictors of nodal metastasis.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of patients with MEC of the UADT treated at an academic medical center from January 2008 to May 2018.

Predictors of nodal metastasis in sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma: A national cancer database analysis.

Objective: We present the largest population based study of sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) to identify risk factors for presentation with nodal metastasis.

Methods: The National Cancer Database (NCDB) was used for this study. Location codes corresponding to the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses and histology codes representing SCC malignancy were queried.

Major head and neck reconstruction during the COVID-19 pandemic: The University of Pittsburgh approach.

The 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has created significant challenges to the delivery of care for patients with advanced head and neck cancer requiring multimodality therapy. Performing major head and neck ablative surgery and reconstruction is a particular concern given the extended duration and aerosolizing nature of these cases. In this manuscript, we describe our surgical approach to provide timely reconstructive care and minimize infectious risk to the providers, patients, and families.

The virome of HPV-positive tonsil squamous cell carcinoma and neck metastasis.

Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) represents the most common HPV-related malignancy in the United States with increasing incidence. There is heterogeneity between the behavior and response to treatment of HPV-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma that may be linked to the tumor virome. In this prospective study, a pan-pathogen microarray (PathoChip) was used to determine the virome of early stage, p16-positive OPSCC and neck metastasis treated with transoral robotic surgery (TORS) and neck dissection.

Outcomes after complete endoscopic sinus surgery and aspirin desensitization in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease.

Background: In this study we assessed patient outcomes after complete endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) and aspirin desensitization for patients with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD).

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted for patients with aspirin challenge-proven AERD who underwent complete ESS followed by aspirin desensitization. Outcomes assessed included need for revision surgery and quality-of-life measures using the 22-item Sino-Nasal Outcomes Test (SNOT-22).

Predictors of clinical outcome after tracheotomy in critically ill obese patients.

Objectives/hypothesis: To identify patient factors associated with outcomes in critically ill obese patients requiring tracheotomy.

Study Design: Single-institution, retrospective cohort study.

Methods: Charts were reviewed for inpatients admitted to an intensive care unit from 2007 to 2010 with International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision codes of obesity or morbid obesity and tracheotomy.