Coinfection with Leprosy and Tuberculosis: A Case Series in Malagasy Patients.

Background: Leprosy and tuberculosis are two of the oldest and most common mycobacterial infections, caused by and for leprosy and for tuberculosis. Dual infections have been known since ancient times; however, cases remain rarely reported in the literature, even in countries where both diseases are endemic, such as Madagascar.

Purpose: We report a case series of simultaneous occurrence of leprosy and tuberculosis.

Bullous Hemorrhagic Dermatosis Induced by Enoxaparin: About a Case in Madagascar.

Bullous hemorrhagic dermatosis is an adverse reaction occurring within 5 to 21 days after anticoagulation; the diagnosis is to be evoked in the presence of hemorrhagic bullous lesions at a distance from the injection site in the days following the introduction of anticoagulant; this is a diagnosis of exclusion. It is a rare pathology that mainly affects the elderly. A 54-year-old man presented with bullous hemorrhagic lesions on the left upper limb starting at the 4th day after enoxaparin injection, diagnosed as a bullous hemorrhagic dermatosis induced by enoxaparin.

Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis as an Unusual Cause of Erythema Nodosum in a Malagasy Woman.

Introduction: Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a rare chronic inflammatory disease. Neoplastic and infectious etiologies must be ruled out. IGM is a diagnostic challenge for countries with high tuberculosis endemicity like Madagascar since it may clinically and radiologically mimic breast tuberculosis.

Quality of life in lupus erythematosus female patients with cutaneous lesions in Antananarivo, Madagascar.

Lupus erythematosus (LE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects more women than men. The quality of life (QoL) of patients with lupus erythematosus and skin manifestations is impaired, but little is known about Malagasy patients. This study aimed to assess the impact of cutaneous lesions on the QoL of patients who present with LE.

Adverse Effects of Long-Term Oral Corticosteroids in the Department of Dermatology, Antananarivo, Madagascar.

Background: Long-term oral corticosteroids have an important role in dermatological care in Madagascar. However, significant adverse effects have been associated with continuous exposure to oral corticosteroids.

Objective: We aim to assess the adverse effects of long-term corticosteroid therapy in patients seen in the Department of Dermatology at the University Hospital Joseph Raseta Befelatanana Antananarivo (UH/JRB), Madagascar, and to identify the risk factors associated with these adverse effects.

Clinicoepidemiology of Skin Diseases in Children Seen at the University Hospital Center Morafeno, Toamasina, Madagascar.

Introduction: The child's skin diseases are common and very diverse. Many studies concerning pediatric dermatoses have been carried out in Africa and the rest of the world. Few epidemioclinical data reflect these skin diseases in children, especially in the east coast of Madagascar.

Atopic dermatitis in adults: A cross-sectional study in the department of dermatology, Antananarivo, Madagascar.

Background: Although atopic dermatitis (AD) is becoming a pressing public health concern in the world, Madagascar is underrepresented in the AD literature.

Objective: We aimed to study the demographic and clinical pattern of AD in adult dermatology outpatients.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Antananarivo, Madagascar.

Osteoarticular sporotrichosis in an immunocompetent patient.

Sporotrichosis is a frequent subcutaneous mycosis in Madagascar. Extracutaenous forms are exceptional and are usually seen in immunosuppressed hosts. We report a case of an aggressive clinical evolution of lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis with osteoarticular involvement in an immunocompetent patient.

Quality of Life in Patients with Psoriasis Seen in the Department of Dermatology, Antananarivo, Madagascar.

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory, and multifactorial dermatosis that impairs quality of life (QoL). Health-related QoL has become an important element in medical decision-making along with the effectiveness and the harmlessness of the treatments.

Objective: To assess the impact of psoriasis in the QoL of patients with psoriasis by using the DLQI scales.

Clinical aspects of previously treated chromoblastomycosis: A case series from Madagascar.

Objective: To describe the clinical aspects of chromoblastomycosis (CBM) presented by patients who had received incomplete antifungal treatment before consultation.

Methods: A prospective study of patients with clinically suspected CBM was performed between 2013 and 2018 in the Department of Dermatology at the University Hospital Antananarivo, and during consultation campaigns.

Results: Patients develop CBM over a period of more than 10 years, and many will have already received antifungals prescribed by general practitioners before consulting with a dermatologist.

Endemic Chromoblastomycosis Caused Predominantly by Fonsecaea nubica, Madagascar.

Chromoblastomycosis is an implantation fungal infection. Twenty years ago, Madagascar was recognized as the leading focus of this disease. We recruited patients in Madagascar who had chronic subcutaneous lesions suggestive of dermatomycosis during March 2013-June 2017.

[Management of chromoblastomycosis, a challenge for limited-resource countries such as Madagascar].

Introduction: Chromoblastomycosis (CBM) is a chronic fungal infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue caused by dematiaceous fungi. CBM lesions are recalcitrant and extremely difficult to eradicate. We report three cases of CBM with difficulties in therapeutic management.

Epidemiology and associated factors of atopic dermatitis in Malagasy children.

Background: Little is known about the epidemiology and associated factors of childhood AD in the markedly different, low-income, tropical environment like Madagascar.

Methods: We aim to assess the epidemiology and associated factors of AD in individuals fewer than 15 years of age in Antananarivo Madagascar. It was a retrospective and descriptive study over a period of 7 years (2010 to 2016) in children 6 months to 14 years in the Department of Dermatology, Joseph Raseta Befelatanana Antananarivo Madagascar.

Vitiligo Associated with Melanoma in a Malagasy Woman.

Malignant melanoma is the first fatal skin cancer. Vitiligo is a leukoderma or a multifactorial depigmentation acquired but especially of autoimmune origin. We report the first Malagasy case affected by both melanoma and Vitiligo.

Sporotrichosis in the Highlands of Madagascar, 2013-2017.

Sporotrichosis is a saprozoonotic fungal infection found mostly in tropical and subtropical areas. Few case reports in Madagascar have been published. To document sporotrichosis epidemiology in Madagascar, we conducted a cross-sectional study.

Treatment responses in patients with vitiligo to very potent topical corticosteroids combined with vitaminotherapy in Madagascar.

Introduction: Vitiligo is a refractory disease in which treatment modalities are not yet established. We aim to assess results obtained 10 years after the initiation of a therapeutic protocol which combines very potent topical corticosteroids (TCS), vitaminotherapy (B12 and C), and suppression of microtraumas in the management of nonsegmental vitiligo in Madagascar.

Methods: It was a prospective and descriptive study over a period of 6 years (2011-2016) in the Department of Dermatology, Joseph Raseta Befelatanana, Antananarivo, Madagascar.

Pemphigus vulgaris as the first manifestation of multiple myeloma: a case report.

Background: The association between pemphigus and malignancy has been well documented for decades but an association between pemphigus vulgaris and multiple myeloma is unusual. We report a case of pemphigus vulgaris revealing multiple myeloma.

Case Presentation: A 55-year-old Malagasy man, with no significant past medical history, presented with bullous and erosive skin lesions involving his trunk and scalp for the last 2 months.

Misuse of Topical Corticosteroids for Cosmetic Purpose in Antananarivo, Madagascar.

This cross-sectional study was conducted in Antananarivo, Madagascar, from June to September 2012. We aim to evaluate the misuse of TC on the face for cosmetic purpose and the adverse effects due to its application. A questionnaire-based analysis was done among females who use topical corticosteroids on the face for cosmetic purpose.

Chromoblastomycosis and sporotrichosis, two endemic but neglected fungal infections in Madagascar.

Chromoblastomycosis and sporotrichosis are endemic fungal infections of tropical and subtropical regions, including Madagascar. The causal fungi develop in the soil or on plants and infect humans through wounds, either directly (wounding by the plant, through thorns, for example), or through the contact of an existing wound with contaminated soil. For this reason, the lesions predominantly occur on the limbs, and these fungi principally infect people working outside with bare hands and/or feet.

Excellent response of infantile orbital hemangioma to propranolol.

Infantile hemangiomas are the most common vascular neoplasm that present in infancy, with more than half affecting the head and neck region. Periocularly, hemangiomas may be complicated by visual loss through induction of strabismal, deprivational, or anisometropic astigmatism. We report a case of a 5-year-old girl who presented with orbital hemangioma with potential risk of visual loss who had excellent response to propranolol.

Rosai-Dorfman Disease Involving Multiple Organs: An Unusual Case with Poor Prognosis.

Rosai-Dorfman disease is a rare, benign histiocytic proliferative disorder that usually affects the lymph nodes. Although extranodal involvement has been reported in diverse sites, manifestation in the cardiovascular system is extremely rare. Specifically, cardiac involvement in Rosai-Dorfman disease is an extraordinarily infrequent event.

A Case of Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Leprosy Discovered after 9 Years of Misdiagnosis.

We report a case of misdiagnosed leprosy in a 21-year-old Malagasy male, who, improperly treated, developed secondary mycobacterial resistance to fluoroquinolone. The patient contracted the infection 9 years prior to the current consultation, displaying on the right thigh a single papulonodular lesion, which progressively spread to the lower leg, back, and face. Initial administration of ciprofloxacin and prednisolone led to temporary and fluctuating improvement.