In utero Treatment of Congenital High Airway Obstruction Syndrome via Fetal Laryngoscopy and EXIT Procedure.

Introduction: Congenital high airway obstruction syndrome (CHAOS) is a rare condition that can progress to fetal hydrops and demise in utero or at birth unless interventions are undertaken to alleviate the tracheal obstruction. While the ex-utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) procedure for airway stabilization is technically feasible, abnormal pulmonary development as a result of the antenatal obstructive process may result in severe postnatal respiratory complications.

Case Presentation: We describe a case of CHAOS with secondary hydrops treated in utero at 24 0/7 weeks' gestation by fetoscopic tracheal decompression via laser perforation of the airway obstruction.