Diet in Thyroid Disorders: A Survey among Clinicians and a Review of the Current Perspective.

Physicians and endocrinologists commonly face various questions related to dietary interventions during clinical encounters with their patients with thyroid disorders. Indeed, both patients and treating physicians have various misconceptions regarding thyroid-specific diets, possibly because of misinformation circulated in lay media or grey literature and the misinterpretation of contradictory scientific data, respectively. In this review, we attempted to answer some frequently asked questions by the patients in the backdrop of contraindicatory perceptions of physicians observed in our survey.

Etiology and Biochemical Profile of Rickets in Tertiary Care Centres in Eastern India: A Retrospective Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: We aimed to describe the clinical, biochemical and etiological profile of patients referred with a provisional diagnosis of rickets in tertiary care centres. In addition, we tried to propose a diagnostic algorithm for the evaluation of such patients.

Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted in two tertiary care centres of West Bengal.

Serum BAFF (B-cell activating factor) and APRIL (a proliferation-inducing ligand) levels in the first trimester may predict the future development of gestational diabetes mellitus.

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a prevalent condition with an unclear pathogenesis. B-cell activating factor (BAFF) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) are potential key players in GDM.

Participants, Materials, And Methods: In a longitudinal observational study, we monitored women from the first trimester through 24-28 weeks of gestation, focusing on the development of GDM.

Heterophilic Interference of Rheumatoid Factor in TSH Immunometric Assay: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study.

Introduction: Considering the inherent vulnerability of immunoassays for heterophilic interference and the potential of Rheumatoid Factor (RF) to act as a heterophile-like antibody, we conducted this study to investigate if RF leads to any such heterophilic interference in seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. The study was done on the TSH assay as it is a noncompetitive, double antibody sandwich assay, which is known to be vulnerable to heterophilic interference.

Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, eighty-four consecutive newly diagnosed RF-positive RA patients underwent TSH, Free T4, and anti-TPO estimation using the chemiluminescence technique (CLIA) on Siemens Immulite 1000 platform.

Toe brachial index and not ankle brachial index is appropriate in initial evaluation of peripheral arterial disease in type 2 diabetes.

Background: Non-invasive clinic-based tools for assessing PAD are not without limitations. Therefore, costly tests like Doppler study, CT angiography and MR angiography are often required to make a diagnosis. Ankle brachial index (ABI), commonly used for assessment of PAD, has high false positivity rates in sclerosed, calcified arteries which render them non-compressible.

Renal Dysfunction in Primary Hyperparathyroidism is associated with nephrolithiasis, elevated serum calcium-phosphate product and parathormone levels.

Purpose: Baseline renal dysfunction predicts mortality in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). However, it remains controversial whether renal insufficiency in PHPT is due to disease severity alone or other risk factors. This study aimed to explore the association of clinico-biochemical variables with renal dysfunction [estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 ml/min/m] in PHPT.

Marked increase in bone mineral density with oral phosphate and calcitriol in tumour-induced osteomalacia.

Patients with osteomalacia have a low bone mineral density (BMD) and are often misdiagnosed as osteoporosis. A marked increase in BMD is noticed following successful treatment of osteomalacia. The biochemical hallmark of tumour-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is hypophosphatemia.

The Real DAPSI: A Real-World Retrospective Study on Assessing the Efficacy and Safety of a Fixed-Dose Combination of Dapagliflozin and Sitagliptin in the Indian Population.

Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder affecting millions of individuals worldwide. Effective management of T2DM is crucial to prevent complications. Dapagliflozin and sitagliptin are oral anti-diabetic agents that have been shown to provide synergistic effects in controlling blood glucose levels.

Rickets in proximal renal tubular acidosis: a case series of six distinct etiologies.

Objectives: Proximal renal tubular acidosis (pRTA) is characterized by a defect in the ability of the proximal convoluted tubule to reabsorb bicarbonate. The biochemical hallmark of pRTA is hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis with a normal anion gap, accompanied by appropriate acidification of the urine (simultaneous urine pH <5.3).

Aromatase deficiency in a tall man: Case report of two novel mutations and review of literature.

Aromatase (CYP19A1) is the only enzyme known to catalyse the conversion of androgen to estrogen. Aromatase deficiency occurs due to mutation in gene which has an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. It leads to decrease in estrogen synthesis and delayed epiphyseal closure, eunuchoid habitus and osteopenia.

Leydig Cell Tumor-Induced Gonadotropin-Independent Precocious Puberty Progressing to Gonadotropin-Dependent Precocious Puberty Post Orchiectomy: Out of the Frying Pan Into the Fire.

Many pathologies can cause gonadotropin-independent precocious puberty (GIPP) in prepubertal boys. Leydig cell tumor is one rare cause of this presentation. Here we present a six-year-old boy with features of isosexual precocious puberty, high testosterone levels, low gonadotropin levels, and bone age advancement.

Clinical and Biochemical Characteristics of Patients with Renal Tubular Acidosis in Southern Part of West Bengal, India: A Retrospective Study.

Purpose Of The Study: Reversible proximal tubular dysfunction associated with distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) mimics type 3 RTA, a condition classically associated with features of both proximal RTA (pRTA) and dRTA. Proximal tubulopathy has been reported in children with primary dRTA, but the data in adults are lacking.

Study Design: In this hospital record-based retrospective study, data from 66 consecutive cases of RTA, between January 2016 to December 2018, were retrieved and analyzed.