Unraveling spatial heterogeneity of soil legacy phosphorus in subtropical grasslands.

Humans have profoundly altered phosphorus (P) cycling across scales. Agriculturally driven changes (e.g.

Soil legacy phosphorus and loss risk in subtropical grasslands.

The accumulation of soil legacy phosphorus (P) due to past fertilization practices poses a persistent challenge for agroecosystem management and water quality conservation. This study investigates the spatial distribution and risk assessment of soil legacy P in subtropical grasslands managed for cow-calf operations in Florida, with two pasture types along the intensity gradient: improved vs semi-native pastures. Soil samples from 1438 locations revealed substantial spatial variation in soil legacy P, with total P concentrations ranging from 11.

On the Role of Academic Buoyancy and Self-Efficacy in Predicting Teachers' Work Engagement: A Case of Chinese English as a Foreign Language Teachers.

A plethora of scientific evidence has pinpointed that teaching English as a foreign or second language (EFL) is difficult, challenging, and emotionally burdensome. Nevertheless, most English language teachers remain committed to the teaching profession and actively engage in the instructional environment. This has inspired several scholars worldwide to explore what personal, emotional, and psychological factors motivate English language teachers to engage enthusiastically in their workplace.

Diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease-Asian perspectives: the results of a multinational web-based survey in the 8th Asian Organization for Crohn's and Colitis meeting.

Background/aims: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is no longer a rare disease in Asia, thus it needs to prepare recommendations relevant to Asian patients. This study aimed to identify disparities in the process of the diagnosis of IBD in Asian countries/regions.

Methods: In line with the 2020 Asian Organization for Crohn's and Colitis annual meeting, a multinational web-based survey about Asian physicians' perspectives on IBD was conducted.

Association of Serum Immunoglobulins Levels With Specific Disease Phenotypes of Crohn's Disease: A Multicenter Analysis in China.

Serum immunoglobulins were reported to be associated with clinical characteristics of inflammatory bowel disease. However, whether a difference exists in the serum immunoglobulins levels in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) with different disease location and behavior phenotypes remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the associations of serum immunoglobulins levels with specific CD phenotypes.

Evaluation of the therapeutic effect of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy on patients with aspiration pneumonia accompanied by respiratory failure in the post-stroke sequelae stage.

Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy on patients with aspiration pneumonia accompanied by respiratory failure in the post-stroke sequelae stage, with the goal of providing more effective oxygen therapy and improving patient prognosis.

Methods: Retrospective analysis was conducted on 103 elderly patients with post-stroke aspiration pneumonia and moderate respiratory failure (oxygenation index: 100-200 mmHg) that had been admitted. The patients were divided into two groups according to the mode of oxygen therapy that was used: the Venturi mask group and the HFNC treatment group.

Asian Pacific Association of Gastroenterology (APAGE) Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Working Party guidelines on IBD management during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic, secondary to SARS-CoV-2, has resulted in high mortality and morbidity worldwide. As inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disease, and most patients are on long-term immunosuppressive agents, there is understandable concern, particularly in terms of therapy. In view of this, experts in IBD across the Asia Pacific region were invited to put together recommendations based on their experience and the currently available data.

Photosynthetic bacteria wastewater treatment with the production of value-added products: A review.

Wastewater resource recovery can generate environmental and economic benefits; especially, value-added substance recovery from wastewater can create profits. Photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) can produce protein, coenzyme Q, 5-ALA, carotenoids, bacteriochlorin, and polyhydroxyalkanoates while treating wastewaters. This review consists of four parts: (1) PSB wastewater treatment, including influence factors and enhancement methods for value-added substances production; (2) downstream processing, including cell separation from effluent, extraction of value-added substances, and purification; (3) comparison among different wastewater resource recovery technologies and brief economic analysis; (4) future development.

An efficient CuO-γFe2O3 composite activates persulfate for organic pollutants removal: Performance, advantages and mechanism.

CuO-γFeO was fabricated as a novel and effective persulfate (PS) catalyst to remove bio-refractory organic pollutants. Characterization results showed that CuO-γFeO possessed a relatively large surface area among transition metal oxides which provided favorable adsorption and activation sites for PS to degrade pollutants. There was an obvious synergy between CuO and γFeO in the composite, which played 84.

Stopping anti-tumour necrosis factor therapy in patients with perianal Crohn's disease.

Background: Little is known of the outcome of patients with perianal Crohn's disease after stopping anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) therapy.

Aim: To evaluate the rate of relapse in perianal Crohn's disease (CD) after stopping anti-TNF therapy.

Methods: Consecutive perianal CD patients treated with anti-TNF therapy with subsequent discontinuation were retrieved from prospective inflammatory bowel disease database of institutes in Hong Kong, Shanghai, Taiwan, Malaysia, Thailand and Singapore from 1997 to June 2019.

Nitrogen metabolism in photosynthetic bacteria wastewater treatment: A novel nitrogen transformation pathway.

Nitrogen removal from wastewater is a worldwide environmental problem. Photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) were reported to have a great potential in treating varieties of nitrogen-contaminated wastewater. However, their nitrogen metabolic mechanism is still unclear, which was further explored in this work.

Best practices on immunomodulators and biologic agents for ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease in Asia.

The Asia-Pacific Working Group on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) was established in Cebu, Philippines, under the auspices of the Asian Pacific Association of Gastroenterology with the goal of improving IBD care in Asia. This consensus is carried out in collaboration with Asian Organization for Crohn's and Colitis. With biologic agents and biosimilars becoming more established, it is necessary to conduct a review on existing literature and establish a consensus on when and how to introduce biologic agents and biosimilars in the conjunction with conventional treatments for ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) in Asia.

Circular RNA expression alterations in colon tissues of Crohn's disease patients.

Genetic factors are crucial in the development of Crohn's disease (CD). Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are known to function as microRNA (miRNA) sponges and regulate a number of signalling pathways via circRNA‑miRNA interactions. As competing endogenous RNAs, the functions of circRNAs in CD should be investigated.

Best practices on immunomodulators and biologic agents for ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease in Asia.

The Asia-Pacific Working Group on Inflammatory Bowel Disease was established in Cebu, Philippines, under the auspices of the Asia-Pacific Association of Gastroenterology with the goal of improving inflammatory bowel disease care in Asia. This consensus is carried out in collaboration with Asian Organization for Crohn's and Colitis. With biologic agents and biosimilars becoming more established, it is necessary to conduct a review on existing literature and establish a consensus on when and how to introduce biologic agents and biosimilars in conjunction with conventional treatments for ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease in Asia.

Natural killer T cells and ulcerative colitis.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one of the two major forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Both innate immunity and adaptive immunity are aberrant in IBD. The pathogenesis of UC includes abnormal inflammation and immune responses of the digestive tract.

Loss of response to scheduled infliximab therapy for Crohn's disease in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To determine the potential predictors of loss of response (LOR) to infliximab (IFX) maintenance therapy for adult patients with Crohn's disease (CD).

Methods: We searched for English-language articles published between 1990 and March 2017 in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. After identifying eligible studies, data extraction was performed independently by two reviewers.

Effects of light-dark cycles on photosynthetic bacteria wastewater treatment and valuable substances production.

Photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) wastewater treatment is a novel method with great potential for resource recovery. Light-dark cycle is important for photosynthetic microorganisms, but its impact on PSB wastewater treatment is still unclear. This study evaluated the effects of four light-dark cycles on PSB biomass, valuable substances production, and pollutant removal.

A single-center experience with methotrexate in the treatment of Chinese Crohn's disease patients.

Objective: Methotrexate (MTX) can be used as an alternative for patients with Crohn's disease (CD) who are intolerant of thiopurine. This retrospective study aimed to provide some clues about MTX treatment in Chinese patients with CD.

Methods: Medical records of 27 adult patients with CD who were treated with MTX between 2012 and 2017 at Renji Hospital were reviewed.

A special light-aerobic condition for photosynthetic bacteria-membrane bioreactor technology.

The combined photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) and membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology has the great advantage of simultaneously realizing wastewater purification and bio-resource recovery and has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Light-oxygen conditions are the most vital factor in wastewater treatment. The special light-aerobic condition was first applied to PSB-MBR wastewater treatment, and it was compared with three typical light-oxygen conditions.

Creeping fat in patients with ileo-colonic Crohn's disease correlates with disease activity and severity of inflammation: A preliminary study using energy spectral computed tomography.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between creeping fat and inflammatory activity as well as the prognosis of ileo-colonic Crohn's disease (CD), based on a quantitative analysis of energy spectral computed tomography (CT).

Methods: A total of 40 patients with CD and 40 with other gastrointestinal diseases who underwent an energy spectral CT scanning between March 2014 and March 2015 were retrospectively enrolled. The endoscopic severity of CD was evaluated by the simple endoscopic score for Crohn's disease (SES-CD).

Effects of indole-3-butytric acid on lead and zinc accumulations in Pseudostellaria maximowicziana.

Plant hormones can improve the phytoremediation capabilities of heavy metal hyperaccumulator plants. In this study, different doses of indole-3-butytric acid (IBA) were sprayed on the leaves of the lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) accumulator plant Pseudostellaria maximowicziana, which was planted in Pb-Zn contaminated soil, and the effects of IBA on Pb and Zn accumulation levels in P. maximowicziana were studied.

Crosstalk between intestinal epithelial cell and adaptive immune cell in intestinal mucosal immunity.

Constantly challenged by luminal bacteria, intestinal epithelium forms both a physical and biochemical defense against pathogens. Besides, intestinal epithelium senses dynamic and continuous changes in luminal environment and transmits signals to subjacent immune cells accordingly. It has been long accepted that adaptive immune cells fulfill their roles partly by modulating function of intestinal epithelial cells.