[Preliminary analysis of the role of GmSnRK1.1 and GmSnRK1.2 in the ABA and alkaline stress response of the soybean using the CRISPR/Cas9-based gene double-knockout system].

Sucrose non-fermenting related protein kinases (SnRKs) are a ubiquitous Ser/Thr protein kinase in the plant kingdom. These kinases play important roles in plant growth, development, metabolism and resistance to environmental stresses. The soybean (Glycine max L.

[Apelin attenuates hypoxia induced pulmonary hypertension of mice through regulation of lipid metabolism].

Objective: To observe the role of apelin in the prevention of pulmonary hypertension induced by hypoxia in mice.

Methods: Adult male apoE gene knockout (apoE-KO) mice were exposed to isobaric hypoxic chamber (9%~11% O, regular chow feed, 23 h/d)for 3 weeks to establish hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. Thirty apoE-KO mice were randomly divided into normoxia group, hypoxia group and hypoxic with apelin (10 nmol/(kg·d), ip) group.

[Effect of autophagy inhibitor chloroquine on acute alcoholinduced liver disease].

Objectives: To investigate the role of autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) in acute ethanol-induced liver injury and its mechenism.

Methods: Twenty-one C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into three groups:control group, ethanol group, CQ + ethanol group (=7). Mice in ethanol group were administered 33% (v/v) ethanol at a dose of 4.

Single Synaptic Observation of Cholinergic Neurotransmission on Living Neurons: Concentration and Dynamics.

Acetylcholine, the first neurotransmitter identified more than a century ago, plays critical roles in human activities and health; however, its synaptic concentration dynamics have remained unknown. Here, we demonstrate the in situ simultaneous measurements of synaptic cholinergic transmitter concentration and release dynamics. We used nanoscale electroanalytical methods: nanoITIES electrode of 15 nm in radius and nanoresolved scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM).

The Development of Mother-Calf Interactions During the First Year in Yangtze Finless Porpoises ().

Mother-offspring interactions are widespread in humans and other mammals, and play an important role in offspring survival and development. Mother-calf interactions have been described in a wide range of ocean cetacean species, but they have not yet been documented in freshwater cetaceans. In this study, we observed the behavior of two mother- calf pairs of Yangtze finless porpoises living in Tongling Freshwater Porpoise National Natural Reserve, China, to explore the maternal relationship between mother porpoises and newborn calves during the calves' first year.

Comprehensive Analysis of Factors Affecting Clinical Response and Short-Term Survival to Drug-Eluting Bead Transarterial Chemoembolization for Treatment in Patients With Liver Cancer.

This study aimed to investigate the clinical response and short-term survival and further explore the comprehensive factors for predicting clinical outcomes in patients with liver cancer treated by drug-eluting beads transarterial chemoembolization . Forty-nine patients with liver cancer who received drug-eluting beads transarterial chemoembolization treatment were consecutively enrolled in this cohort study. Demographic features, medical histories, clinicopathological properties, biochemical indexes, previous treatments, and chemoembolization reagents were recorded.

Experimental challenges regarding the in vitro investigation of the nanoparticle-biocorona in disease states.

Toxicological evaluation of nanoparticles (NPs) requires the utilization of in vitro techniques due to their number and diverse properties. Cell culture systems are often lacking in their ability to perform comparative toxicity assessment due to dosimetry issues and capacity to simulate in vivo environments. Upon encountering a physiological environment, NPs become coated with biomolecules forming a biocorona (BC), influencing function, biodistribution, and toxicity.

A novel, easy and rapid method for constructing yeast two-hybrid vectors using In-Fusion technology.

Yeast two-hybrid systems are powerful tools for analyzing interactions between proteins. Vector construction is an essential step in yeast two-hybrid experiments, which require bait and prey plasmids. In this study, we modified the multiple cloning site sequence of the yeast plasmid pGADT7 by site-directed mutagenesis PCR to generate the pGADT7-In vector, which resulted in an easy and rapid method for constructing yeast two-hybrid vectors using the In-Fusion cloning technique.

Diagnosis, Monitoring, and Control of Schistosomiasis-An Update.

Schistosomiasis is a neglected disease of tropics and subtropics, which has been associated with illness and death of millions of people, especially children. Although, excessive use of anthelmintic drugs and improvement of sanitation procedures have been in practice, yet timely detection, and diagnosis of low-intensity infections, are of utmost importance for reducing morbidity and final elimination of the disease. The diagnosis methods, currently being used for schistosomiasis, have several limitations, hence warrant further investigations for development of novel detection methods with higher rapidity, reliability, and convenience.

Athymic mice reveal a requirement for T-cell-microglia interactions in establishing a microenvironment supportive of low-grade glioma growth.

Pediatric low-grade gliomas (LGGs) frequently do not engraft in immunocompromised mice, limiting their use as an experimental platform. In contrast, murine Neurofibromatosis-1 () optic LGG stem cells (o-GSCs) form glioma-like lesions in wild-type, but not athymic, mice following transplantation. Here, we show that the inability of athymic mice to support o-GSC engraftment results from impaired microglia/macrophage function, including reduced expression of Ccr2 and Ccl5, both of which are required for o-GSC engraftment and optic glioma growth.

RFX1 participates in doxorubicin-induced hepatitis B virus reactivation.

Cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs, including doxorubicin, can directly promote hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication, but the mechanism has not been fully clarified. This study investigated the potential mechanism underlying the cytotoxic chemotherapy-mediated direct promotion of HBV replication. We found that HBV replication and regulatory factor X box 1 gene (RFX1) expression were simultaneously promoted by doxorubicin treatment.

Sumoylation of EphB1 Suppresses Neuroblastoma Tumorigenesis via Inhibiting PKCγ Activation.

Background/aims: An increasing number of studies have linked erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular carcinoma (Eph) family receptor tyrosine kinases to cancer progression. However, little knowledge is available about the regulation of their functions in cancer.

Methods: SUMOylation was analyzed by performing Ni2+-NTA pull-down assay and immunoprecipitation.

Cavitation in Poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) during Tensile Deformation.

The poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) sample was used to investigate the cavitation-induced stress-whitening phenomenon during stretching at different temperatures via the ultrasmall-angle X-ray scattering technique. Two modes of cavitation were found that mode I cavitation activated around yield point followed by mode II cavitation generated in highly oriented state. The critical strain for initiating the mode II cavitation increases with the increase of the stretching temperature, whereas the critical stress grew steadily in the lower temperature regime (30-60 °C) and reached a plateau at 70 °C.

Evaluating the predictive factors of resting energy expenditure and validating predictive equations for Chinese obese children.

Background: To study the predictive factors of resting energy expenditure (REE) and evaluate the accuracy of predicted equations with indirect calorimeter (IC) in Chinese school-age children, particularly for the obese population.

Methods: Recruited children were from the department of child healthcare in Nanjing children's hospital during July 2014-September 2015. Anthropometric parameters and body composition were measured by bioelectrical impedance.

SUMOylation of the m6A-RNA methyltransferase METTL3 modulates its function.

The methyltransferase like 3 (METTL3) is a key component of the large N6-adenosine-methyltransferase complex in mammalian responsible for N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification in diverse RNAs including mRNA, tRNA, rRNA, small nuclear RNA, microRNA precursor and long non-coding RNA. However, the characteristics of METTL3 in activation and post-translational modification (PTM) is seldom understood. Here we find that METTL3 is modified by SUMO1 mainly at lysine residues K177, K211, K212 and K215, which can be reduced by an SUMO1-specific protease SENP1.

Single-Molecule Analysis of Replication Protein A-DNA Interactions.

Replication protein A (RPA) is a highly conserved, eukaryotic ssDNA-binding protein essential for genome stability. RPA interacts with ssDNA and with protein partners to coordinate DNA replication, repair, and recombination. Single-molecule analysis of RPA-DNA interactions is leading to a better understanding of the molecular interactions and dynamics responsible for RPA function in cells.

Anion- and Solvent-Induced Single-Crystal-to-Single-Crystal Transformation within an Iron(II) Triazole System: a Promising Luminescent Probe for CrO and Cyano-Containing Molecules.

Anion- and solvent-induced single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation within an iron(II) triazole system has been generated from {[Fe(TPPT)Cl]·CHCl} (1a) to [Fe(TPPT)(CO)Cl(HO)] (1b). Luminescence studies indicated that the resultant 1b can be considered as a promising luminescent probe for CrO and cyano molecules.

GABA Detection with Nano-ITIES Pipet Electrode: A New Mechanism, Water/DCE-Octanoic Acid Interface.

Interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (ITIES) supported on the orifice of a pipet have become a powerful platform to detect a broad range of analytes. We present here the detection of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) with the nanoITIES pipet electrodes for the first time. GABA has a net charge of zero in an aqueous solution at pH ≈ 7, and it has not previously been detected at ITIES.

miR-15b-5p facilitates the tumorigenicity by targeting RECK and predicts tumour recurrence in prostate cancer.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to participate in many biological behaviours of multiple malignancies. Recent studies have shown that miR-15b-5p (miR-15b) exhibits dual roles by accelerating or blocking tumour progression. However, the molecular mechanisms by which miR-15b contributes to prostate cancer (PCa) are still elusive.

Serum HBV DNA plus RNA shows superiority in reflecting the activity of intrahepatic cccDNA in treatment-naïve HBV-infected individuals.

Background: Both serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA and RNA can reflect intrahepatic covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) activity. However, correlations among viral markers haven't been fully explored.

Objectives: Here we investigated the correlations between serum HBV RNA and other viral markers in acute hepatitis B patients and treatment-naïve chronic HBV-infected individuals.

An epididymis-specific secretory protein Clpsl2 critically regulates sperm motility, acrosomal integrity, and male fertility.

The epididymis performs an important role in the maturation of spermatozoa including their acquisition of progressive motility and fertilizing ability. However, the molecular mechanisms that govern these maturational events are still poorly defined. Here we report that Clpsl2, a novel colipase homology, is exclusively expressed in the caupt epididymis and conserved in mammalian.

Radiofrequency heat-enhanced direct intratumoral chemotherapy for prostate cancer.

A novel, minimally invasive interventional technique, radiofrequency heat (RFH), has been suggested to improve the efficacy of chemotherapy for solid organ tumors. However, the treatment for prostate cancer has not been completely characterized. The aim of the present study was to investigate the and efficiency of chemotherapy in combination with RFH for the treatment of prostate cancer.

Bcl-3 is a novel biomarker of renal fibrosis in chronic kidney disease.

Progressive renal fibrosis in chronic kidney disease (CKD) greatly contributes to end-stage renal failure and is associated with high mortality. The identification of renal fibrosis biomarkers for the diagnosis and the monitoring of disease progression in CKD is urgently needed. Whole-transcriptomic analysis of renal tissues in a unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mouse model revealed that the mRNA level of Bcl-3, an atypical member of the IκB family, was induced 6.

Structural insight into the methyltransfer mechanism of the bifunctional Trm5.

The wyosine derivatives present at position 37 in transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are critical for reading frame maintenance. The methyltransferase Trm5a from (PaTrm5a) plays a key role in this hypermodification process in generating mG37 and imG2, two products of the wyosine biosynthetic pathway, through two methyl transfers to distinct substrates, but the mechanism is currently unknown. We report two cocrystal structures of PaTrm5a in complex with tRNA and reveal the structural basis for substrate recognition, which was supported by in vitro activity assays.

An intelligent detection method for high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry.

In conventional high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry signal acquisition, multi-cycle detection is time consuming and limits somewhat the technique's scope for rapid field detection. In this study, a novel intelligent detection approach has been developed in which a threshold was set on the relative error of α parameters, which can eliminate unnecessary time spent on detection. In this method, two full-spectrum scans were made in advance to obtain the estimated compensation voltage at different dispersion voltages, resulting in a narrowing down of the whole scan area to just the peak area(s) of interest.