Recent insights and advances in gut microbiota's influence on host antiviral immunity.

A diverse array of microbial organisms colonizes the human body, collectively known as symbiotic microbial communities. Among the various pathogen infections that hosts encounter, viral infections represent one of the most significant public health challenges worldwide. The gut microbiota is considered an important biological barrier against viral infections and may serve as a promising target for adjuvant antiviral therapy.

A Compact-Solvation Electrolyte Under Low Concentration for High-Energy Density and Stable Potassium-Ion Batteries.

The development of potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) faces significant challenges due to the lack of suitable electrolytes to achieve satisfactory energy density and long-term stability. This work reports an innovative compact-solvation electrolyte (CSE) strategy leveraging ionic liquid-induced manipulation of solvation structures under low concentration for high-performance PIBs. The CSE, formulated with a low-salt concentration of 0.

Exploring the silent connection: unveiling the intricate relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease and sleep apnea syndrome.

Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and Sleep Apnea Syndrome (SAS) are two prevalent medical conditions that significantly affect health and quality of life. GERD involves stomach content reflux into the esophagus, while SAS causes recurrent upper airway obstruction during sleep. Despite recent studies hinting at a link, the precise relationship and causality between GERD and SAS remain unclear.

Nanoporous Plasmonic Microneedle Arrays Induced High-Efficiency Intracellular Delivery of Metabolism Regulating Protein.

Patterned micro/nanostructure arrays have shown the potential to effectively regulate cellular behavior, and their unique microstructure may address the limitations of conventional pore materials, leading to novel phenomena. In this work, a large-area gold micro/nano-array substrate with an average hole of ≈32 nm is designed and extensively screened. Precisely engineered nanopores on the substrate can effectively improve photothermal conversion efficiency, and instant heat dissipation in the absence of laser irradiation.

A noncanonical intrinsic terminator in the HicAB toxin-antitoxin operon promotes the transmission of conjugative antibiotic resistance plasmids.

Conjugative plasmids, major vehicles for the spread of antibiotic resistance genes, often contain multiple toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems. However, the physiological functions of TA systems remain obscure. By studying two TA families commonly found on colistin-resistant IncI2 mcr-1-bearing plasmids, we discovered that the HicAB TA, rather than the StbDE TA, acts as a crucial addiction module to increase horizontal plasmid-plasmid competition.

A predictive model for early neurological deterioration after intravenous thrombolysis in patients with ischemic stroke.

Objective: Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) is the treatment of choice for acute ischemic stroke (AIS), but some patients develop early neurological deterioration (END) within 24 h after IVT. Therefore, we aimed to identify predictors of END in AIS patients following treatment with IVT.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 621 AIS patients who received IVT with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) at the Stroke Centre of the People's Hospital of Lu'an City, China, from July 2018 to July 2023.

Knockdown of SESN2 Exacerbates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Through Enhancing Glycolysis via the mTOR/HIF-1α Pathway.

Aim: Reprogramming of glycometabolism plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). Sestrin2 (SESN2), a sensor upstream of the mTORC1, is closely related to glycometabolism. However, the effect and mechanism of SESN2 in CIRI are unclear.

Endothelial endogenous CSE/HS inhibits endothelial pyroptosis by activating sirtuin1 to attenuate LPS-induced acute lung injury.

Endothelial pyroptosis, a pro-inflammatory programmed cell death, promotes endothelial inflammation and is a pivotal process in the initial stage of acute lung injury (ALI). Hydrogen sulfide (HS), a gasotransmitter primarily dependent on cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) in the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, plays a protective role during ALI. Nonetheless, the modulatory role and precise molecular mechanism of endothelial endogenous CSE/HS in the pathogenesis of ALI remain elusive.

Albumin Corona-Coated Nanoscale Metal-Organic Framework for Enzyme-Mediated Cascade Metabolization of Uric Acid in Hyperuricemia.

Hyperuricemia, characterized by elevated uric acid levels, is the primary cause of gout. Recombinant uricase is one of the last-resort therapies but generates unwanted pro-inflammatory HO and anti-uricase antibodies. In this work, we developed an albumin corona-coated enzyme-loaded zeolitic imidazolate framework (UCZIF) to sustainably maintain low blood uric acid level without producing HO.

The role of advanced glycation end products between thyroid function and diabetic nephropathy and metabolic disorders.

Unlabelled: purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between AGEs, TSH, metabolic metrics and DN, and to provide evidence for future intervention.

Method: This study selected community health service centers which had signed medical alliance agreement with the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University and outpatints and inpatients in Anhui province. From March 2018 to July 2022, the multi-stage cluster sampling.

Construction of a NIR fluorescent probe for tracking mitochondrial HOCl during liver injury.

The inappropriate or excessive drug and alcohol consumption is a major cause of liver injuries. The development of a tool capable of visualizing the liver injury process with high precision, and in real time is particularly urgent. In this study, we designed and synthesized a novel HOCl-responsive fluorescent probe, PTZ-NS, for tracking mitochondrial HOCl during liver injury.

A novel T-cell proliferation-related model for predicting the prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) have a poor prognosis since its high rates of metastasis and recurrence. T-cell proliferation-related genes (TRGs) act a significant role in tumor pathology through regulating the function, proliferation of immune cells. We designed and validated an individualized TRGs signature for predicting prognosis in HNSCC patients with risk estimation model.

Cadmium toxicity on communities of ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms.

The oxidation of ammonia to nitrite, which constitutes the initial and rate-limiting step in the nitrification process, plays a pivotal role in the transformation of ammonia within soil ecosystems. Due to its susceptibility to a range of pollutants, such as heavy metals, pesticides, and pharmaceuticals, nitrification serves as a valuable indicator in the risk assessment of chemical contaminants in soil environments. Here, we analyzed the effects of cadmium (Cd) treatment on soil potential nitrification rate (PNR), and the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) communities.

The NEXT complex regulates H3K27me3 levels to affect cancer progression by degrading G4/U-rich lncRNAs.

Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) is responsible for depositing H3K27me3 and plays essential roles in gene silencing during development and cancer. Meanwhile, the nuclear exosome targeting (NEXT) complex facilitates the degradation of numerous noncoding RNAs in the nucleoplasm. Here we find that the functional deficiency of the NEXT complex leads to an overall decrease in H3K27me3 levels.

A Sensitive Soma-localized Red Fluorescent Calcium Indicator for Multi-Modality Imaging of Neuronal Populations In Vivo.

Recent advancements in genetically encoded calcium indicators, particularly those based on green fluorescent proteins, have optimized their performance for monitoring neuronal activities in a variety of model organisms. However, progress in developing red-shifted GECIs, despite their advantages over green indicators, has been slower, resulting in fewer options for end-users. In this study, we explored topological inversion and soma-targeting strategies, which are complementary to conventional mutagenesis, to re-engineer a red genetically encoded calcium indicator, FRCaMP, for enhanced performance.

Structural insights into the Shigella flexneri GmvAT toxin-antitoxin system.

Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are common bicistronic gene elements in bacteria and are critical for stress responses. The toxin members of the GNAT/RHH TA family can acetylate certain aminoacylated tRNA molecules and inhibit global protein translation. One member named GmvT is important for virulence plasmid maintenance in Shigella flexneri, but the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood.

Uveal Melanoma in a Child: A Case Report.

Uveal melanoma is a rare and highly malignant tumor. Its occurrence in children is rare and challenging to differentiate from retinoblastoma. The present work reports on the unusual case of a 4-year-old male patient who presented a mass in the right eye unresponsive to 18 days of ophthalmic artery chemotherapy.

Managing two cases of twin anemia-polycythemia sequence in monochorionic twin pregnancies.

Background: Twin anemia-polycythemia sequence (TAPS) is a rare monochorionic complication. In this study, we discuss the management of two cases of TAPS with different conditions.

Case Presentation: Patient 1 was a 34-year-old multigravida in whom the fetal middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocities (MCA-PSVs) were 0.

Cardiac function and quality of life improvement with fasudil hydrochloride in patients with diabetes post-PCI: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: We assessed the efficacy of fasudil hydrochloride, a Rho-kinase inhibitor, as adjunct therapy for enhancing cardiac function, managing blood sugar, and improving quality of life in patients with diabetes who have coronary heart disease (CHD) and who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled trial including 100 patients with diabetes and CHD who underwent PCI. Participants were randomly assigned to an experimental group receiving fasudil hydrochloride plus standard therapy or a control group receiving standard therapy alone.

The TgAMPK-TgPFKII axis essentially regulates protein lactylation in the zoonotic parasite .

infects nucleated cells of warm-blooded animals and cause zoonotic toxoplasmosis. Lysine lactylation, as a novel post-translational modification, is essential for epigenetic regulation and cellular processes, and proteomic analyses have shown that lactylated proteins are involved in a wide range of biological processes including energy metabolism, gene regulation, and protein biosynthesis. Additionally, protein lactylation is prevalent in , while its regulatory mechanisms have not been fully understood.

Rational design of peptides to overcome drug resistance by metabolic regulation.

Chemotherapy is widely used clinically, however, its efficacy is often compromised by the development of drug resistance, which arises from prolonged administration of drugs or other stimuli. One of the driven causes of drug resistance in tumors or bacterial infections is metabolic reprogramming, which alters mitochondrial metabolism, disrupts metabolic pathways and causes ion imbalance. Bioactive peptide materials, due to their biocompatibility, diverse bioactivities, customizable sequences, and ease of modification, have shown promise in overcoming drug resistance.

ZC3H12D upregulation in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a potential prognostic biomarker associated with immune infiltration.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a common malignant tumor that poses a major hazard to people's health. ZC3H12D, which belongs to the family of CCCH-type zinc finger-containing proteins, is a negative regulator with a key function in immune modulation. However, it is still unclear how ZC3H12D affects the immune infiltration and prognosis of HNSCC.

Corrigendum: Heterogeneous phenotype of a Chinese Familial WHIM syndrome with CXCR4 gain-of-function mutation.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.