Obstetric penicillin allergy evaluations.

Background: Penicillin allergy is reported in 5% to 15% of the world population, with 3% to 10% of pregnant women reporting the same. However, more than 90% of these patients can tolerate penicillin after appropriate evaluation. Penicillin is indicated for various issues that arise in pregnancy, and a history of allergy can have negative individual and public health consequences.

A Guide to Pediatric Antibiotic Allergy Testing: A Report from the United States Drug Allergy Registry.

Pediatric antibiotic labels are common, and unnecessary antibiotic avoidance is associated with negative personal and public health outcomes; as a result, there is an increasing emphasis on the importance of pediatric antibiotic allergy evaluations. Different testing strategies have been advised, including skin testing and challenge testing with varied doses and duration. Established consensus testing protocols are lacking.

Genetically encoded intrabody probes for labeling and manipulating AMPA-type glutamate receptors.

Tools for visualizing and manipulating protein dynamics in living cells are critical for understanding cellular function. Here we leverage recently available monoclonal antibody sequences to generate a set of affinity tags for labeling and manipulating AMPA-type glutamate receptors (AMPARs), which mediate nearly all excitatory neurotransmission in the central nervous system. These antibodies can be produced from heterologous cells for exogenous labeling applications or directly expressed in living neurons as intrabodies, where they bind their epitopes in the endoplasmic reticulum and co-traffic to the cell surface for visualization with cell impermeant fluorescent dyes.

Combination of Haloperidol With UNC9994, β-arrestin-Biased Analog of Aripiprazole, Ameliorates Schizophrenia-Related Phenotypes Induced by NMDAR Deficit in Mice.

Background: Glutamatergic system dysfunction contributes to a full spectrum of schizophrenia-like symptoms, including the cognitive and negative symptoms that are resistant to treatment with antipsychotic drugs (APDs). Aripiprazole, an atypical APD, acts as a dopamine partial agonist, and its combination with haloperidol (a typical APD) has been suggested as a potential strategy to improve schizophrenia. Recently, an analog of aripiprazole, UNC9994, was developed.

Effects of burning on vegetation, soil physicochemistry and prokaryotic microbial communities in surface and subsurface peat.

Prescribed burning is a common management strategy in peatlands that has the potential to affect soil physicochemistry, alter biogeochemical cycles and trigger changes in vegetation structure. How burning affects prokaryotic community composition across different soil profiles is not well understood. This study explored the effects of prescribed burning on the diversity of prokaryotic communities in peat soils.

AAAAI Position Statement on Changing Electronic Health Record Allergy Documentation to "Alerts" to Lead to Easily Understood, Actionable Labels.

The term "allergy" is inaccurate for the vast majority of the contents in the current allergy fields of electronic health records (EHRs). While EHRs have transformed access to health information and streamlined the delivery of care, their ability to reliably indicate medications, vaccines, or foods that mandate avoidance versus preferences or mild intolerances, is suboptimal. The current systems are reactive instead of being proactive and frequently fail to communicate the appropriate course of action.

Transitions of Care in Patients With Inborn Errors of Immunity.

Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are a group of inherited conditions caused by damaged monogenic variants that result in impairment and/or dysregulation within the immune system. IEI are typically diagnosed in infancy or early childhood, with clinical presentations that include increased susceptibility to infections, immune dysregulation, autoinflammation, bone marrow failure, and/or malignancy. Historically, transitions of care experienced by patients with IEI have not been well described in the literature.

Mice: A Preclinical Model of -Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder.

Objective: -related neurodevelopmental disorder ( -NDD) is characterized by clinically significant variation in the gene, which encodes the obligatory GluN1 subunit of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs). The identified p.Tyr647Ser (Y647S) variant - carried by a 33-year-old female with seizures and intellectual disability - is located in the M3 helix in the GluN1 transmembrane domain.

Tricyclic and tetracyclic antidepressants upregulate VMAT2 activity and rescue disease-causing VMAT2 variants.

Vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) is an essential transporter that regulates brain monoamine transmission and is important for mood, cognition, motor activity, and stress regulation. However, VMAT2 remains underexplored as a pharmacological target. In this study, we report that tricyclic and tetracyclic antidepressants acutely inhibit, but persistently upregulate VMAT2 activity by promoting VMAT2 protein maturation.

CNS Aspergillosis: A Downside of Corticosteroid Use.

Glucocorticoids are ubiquitously used by physicians for a myriad of diseases. Though powerful and potentially lifesaving, sometimes the dangerous side effects are not at the forefront of our medical decision-making. By immunosuppressing patients, glucocorticoids can place patients at increased risk for not only the metabolic effects of chronic glucocorticoid use but also increased risk for opportunistic infections.

Implementation of Health IT for Cancer Screening in US Primary Care: Scoping Review.

Background: A substantial percentage of the US population is not up to date on guideline-recommended cancer screenings. Identifying interventions that effectively improve screening rates would enhance the delivery of such screening. Interventions involving health IT (HIT) show promise, but much remains unknown about how HIT is optimized to support cancer screening in primary care.

Rest-activity rhythm disruption and metabolic health in schizophrenia: a cross-sectional actigraphy study of community-dwelling people living with schizophrenia and nonpsychiatric comparison participants.

Study Objectives: People living with schizophrenia (PLWS) have increased physical comorbidities and premature mortality which may be linked to dysregulated rest-activity rhythms (RARs). This study aimed to compare RARs between PLWS and nonpsychiatric comparison participants (NCs) and to examine the relationships of RARs with age, sleep, metabolic, and physical health outcomes and, among PLWS, relationships of RARs with illness-related factors.

Methods: The study sample included 26 PLWS and 36 NCs, assessed with wrist-worn actigraphy to compute RAR variables and general sleep variables.

Can Invalid Information Be Ignored When It Is Detected?

With the rapid spread of information via social media, individuals are prone to misinformation exposure that they may utilize when forming beliefs. Over five experiments (total = 815 adults, recruited through Amazon Mechanical Turk in the United States), we investigated whether people could ignore quantitative information when they judged for themselves that it was misreported. Participants recruited online viewed sets of values sampled from Gaussian distributions to estimate the underlying means.