Nonoperative Management of Pretibial Lacerations in a Nurse-Led Clinic: An Observational Study.

In our tertiary plastic surgery center, patients with wounds that will not be treated surgically, including complex pretibial wounds, that would traditionally have been managed operatively are managed on an outpatient basis in a nurse-led pretibial laceration clinic. We conducted a study to investigate dressing usage and assess correlators with healing time or number of appointments. We collected data regarding dressings used, time to discharge, and number of appointments retrospectively over 14 months between 2019 and 2021.

Artificial intelligence in risk prediction and diagnosis of vertebral fractures.

With the increasing prevalence of vertebral fractures, accurate diagnosis and prognostication are essential. This study assesses the effectiveness of AI in diagnosing and predicting vertebral fractures through a systematic review and meta-analysis. A comprehensive search across major databases selected studies utilizing AI for vertebral fracture diagnosis or prognosis.

Comparing Conservative and Early Surgical Treatments for Pyogenic Spondylodiskitis: An International Propensity Score-Matched Retrospective Outcome Analysis.

Background And Objectives: Pyogenic spinal infections pose therapeutic challenges, with the optimal treatment approach remaining contentious. This study aimed to compare outcomes of conservative vs early surgical treatment (SuT) modalities in primary pyogenic spondylodiskitis through an international cohort analysis.

Methods: A retrospective outcome analysis was conducted of 392 patients from the United Kingdom and Germany, treated between 2017 and 2022 with primary pyogenic spondylodiskitis.

Update on Neoadjuvant and Adjuvant BRAF Inhibitors in Papillary Craniopharyngioma: A Systematic Review.

: The recent discovery of BRAF mutation in papillary craniopharyngiomas opened new avenues for targeted therapies to control tumour growth, decreasing the need for invasive treatments and relative complications. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the recent scientific data dealing with the use of targeted therapies in papillary craniopharyngiomas, as adjuvant and neoadjuvant treatments. : The PRISMA guidelines were followed with searches performed in Scopus, MEDLINE, and Embase, following a dedicated PICO approach.

Enhancing Oral Cancer Detection: A Systematic Review of the Diagnostic Accuracy and Future Integration of Optical Coherence Tomography with Artificial Intelligence.

: Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) has emerged as an important imaging modality in non-invasive diagnosis for oral cancer and can provide real-time visualisation of tissue morphology with the required high resolution. This systematic review aims to assess the diagnostic accuracy of OCT in the detection of oral cancers, and to explore the potential integration of OCT with artificial intelligence (AI) and other imaging techniques to enhance diagnostic precision and clinical outcomes in oral healthcare. : A systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar, Cochrane Central Register, and Web of Science from inception until August 2024.

Artificial Intelligence for Prediction of Shunt Response in Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus: A Systematic Review.

Background: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a reversible cause of dementia, typically treated with shunt surgery, although outcomes vary. Artificial intelligence (AI) advancements could improve predictions of shunt response (SR) by analyzing extensive datasets.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review to assess AI's effectiveness in predicting SR in iNPH.

Examining Introduction of E-consent in the Neurosurgical Caseload: Understanding the Barriers to Implementation.

Objective: To evaluate current usage and barriers of electronic consent (e-consent) implementation in neurosurgical practice. E-consent forms provide an alternative method for conducting the informed consent (IC) procedure. IC requires an ability to understand, retain, weigh up, and communicate decisions regarding the proposed procedure.

Mental Health Polypharmacy in "Non-Coded" Primary Care Patients: The Effect of Deprescribing.

: Mental health (MH) polypharmacy, defined as prescribing multiple mental health medications for the same condition, presents significant challenges in clinical practice. With varying prevalence rates and an increasing trend, particularly in the UK, this deprescribing prospective quality improvement project aimed to address the complexities and risks associated with MH polypharmacy. : A large primary care centre in London was selected for this project.

Effect of chronic heavy tobacco smoking on ankle fracture healing.

Introduction: Tobacco smoking is linked to an elevated risk of osteomyelitis and delayed healing in long bone fractures. However, the impact of smoking on bone union and soft tissue recovery following ankle fractures remains unclear. This study presents a retrospective comparative analysis evaluating the effects of chronic heavy tobacco smoking on the healing process and outcomes of ankle fractures after surgical interventions.

Cross-sectional Survey of Medical student perceptions of And desires for Research and Training pathways (SMART): an analysis of prospective cohort study of UK medical students.

Objective: Clinician-scientists are critical to medical innovation and research. However, the number of clinician scientists in the UK has been declining steadily over the last decade. One of the cited reasons is poor student recruitment to academic training pathways.

Epidemiological trends of pyogenic spondylodiscitis in Germany: an EANS Spine Section Study.

Pyogenic spondylodiscitis presents significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. In Germany, a comprehensive understanding of its epidemiology and inpatient management outcomes is limited, hindering the optimisation of therapeutic strategies. This study aimed to characterise the evolving epidemiological trends of pyogenic spondylodiscitis in Germany, and concurrently evaluate inpatient management strategies and outcomes.

Methodological and ethical challenges in the use of focused ultrasound for blood-brain barrier disruption in neuro-oncology.

Background: Focused ultrasound (FUS) shows promise for enhancing drug delivery to the brain by temporarily opening the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and it is increasingly used in the clinical setting to treat brain tumours. It remains however unclear whether FUS is being introduced in an ethically and methodologically sound manner. The IDEAL-D framework for the introduction of surgical innovations and the SYRCLE and ROBINS-I tools for assessing the risk of bias in animal studies and non-randomized trials, respectively, provide a comprehensive evaluation for this.

Canadian medical student perceptions of the Choosing Wisely Canada campaign.

Background: Medical student investment in resource stewardship (RS) is essential as resource overuse continues among physicians, but it is unclear whether this is influenced by hidden curriculum. This study investigated medical student perceptions of Choosing Wisely Canada (CWC).

Methods: Canadian Medical students completed a bilingual questionnaire.

Expression of Interleukin-1β protein in vitro,exvivo and in vivo salmonid models.

Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is one of the first cytokines expressed during immune responses, and its levels are affected by many factors, including stress. To date, it has only been possible to measure IL-1β transcript (mRNA) expression quantitatively in fish using qPCR. This is because previous studies that measured IL-1β protein concentrations in these taxa used western blotting, which only provides qualitative data.

Nano-bio interactions of upconversion nanoparticles at subcellular level: biodistribution and cytotoxicity.

Modern medicine requires intensive research to find new diagnostic and therapeutic solutions. Recently, upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) doped with lanthanide ions have attracted significant attention. The efficient internalization of UCNPs by cells was confirmed, and their precise cellular localization was determined by electron microscopy and confocal studies.

Football (Soccer) as a Probable Cause of Long-Term Neurological Impairment and Neurodegeneration: A Narrative Review of the Debate.

Football (soccer) is the most widely played sport across the globe. Due to some recent high-profile cases and epidemiological studies suggesting football can lead to neurodegeneration, scientific and public interest has been piqued. This has resulted in research into whether an association between football participation and neurodegeneration or neurological impairment is present.

Comparison of the levels of selected specific antibodies in the immunoglobulin G of colostrum milk and serum in dairy cows .

Commercial products containing immunoglobulin G (IgG) sourced from colostrum, milk, and/or serum may be used to supplement or replace maternal colostrum in newborn dairy calves. To determine if antibody specificities in bovine milk and serum IgG differ from colostrum IgG, we sampled serum, colostrum (1 to 2 hours post-partum), and milk (day 5 post-partum) from 24 dairy heifers or cows. Specific antibodies [IgG class (H&L)] to 8 common pathogens were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs).

Global survey shows planners use widely varying sea-level rise projections for coastal adaptation.

Including sea-level rise (SLR) projections in planning and implementing coastal adaptation is crucial. Here we analyze the first global survey on the use of SLR projections for 2050 and 2100. Two-hundred and fifty-three coastal practitioners engaged in adaptation/planning from 49 countries provided complete answers to the survey which was distributed in nine languages - Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese and Spanish.

Changes in the phenotypic susceptibility of isolates to macrolide antimicrobials during the early feeding period following metaphylactic tulathromycin use in western Canadian feedlot calves.

Cattle at high-risk for bovine respiratory disease on entry to western Canadian feedlots are often treated metaphylactically with antimicrobials from the macrolide class. High levels of resistance to macrolides have been reported in isolates from clinical samples, but it is less clear whether this trend extends to the broader feedlot population. The objective was to describe near-term [< 40 days on feed (DOF)] changes in the recovery and susceptibility of isolates from healthy feedlot calves after metaphylactic exposure to tulathromycin.

Residual neuromuscular blockade in the ICU: a prospective observational study and national survey.

Residual neuromuscular blockade is associated with significant morbidity. It has been widely studied in anaesthesia; however, the incidence of residual neuromuscular blockade in patients managed in the ICU is unknown. We conducted a prospective observational study in a tertiary ICU to determine the incidence of residual neuromuscular blockade using quantitative accelerographic monitoring.