Bladder Cancer Survivors Who Do Not Smoke Have Better Longitudinal Health-Related Quality of Life Measures: An Assessment of the Comparative Effectiveness and Survivorship Health in Bladder Cancer (CEASE-BC) Study.

Purpose: Cigarette smoking is the most common risk factor for the development of bladder cancer (BC), yet there is a paucity of data characterizing the relationship between smoking status and longitudinal health-related quality of life (HRQoL) outcomes in patients with BC. We examined the association between smoking status and HRQoL among patients with BC.

Materials And Methods: Data were sourced from a prospective, longitudinal study open between 2014 and 2017, which examined HRQoL in patients aged ≥ 18 years old diagnosed with BC across North Carolina.

Feasibility, Acceptability, and Outcomes of a Mobile Health Tool for Radical Cystectomy Recovery.

Purpose: Postoperative education and symptom tracking are essential following cystectomy to reduce readmission rates and information overload. To address these issues, an internet-based tool was developed to provide education, alerts, and symptom tracking. We aimed to evaluate the tool's feasibility, acceptability, and impact on complication and readmission rates.

Diversity, equity, and inclusion in genitourinary clinical trials leading to FDA novel drug approval: An assessment of the FDA center for drug evaluation and research drug trials snapshot.

To determine the distribution of race and ethnicity among genitourinary oncology trial participants leading to FDA approval of novel molecular entities/biologics. Secondarily, we evaluated whether the proportion of Black participants in clinical trials increased over time. We quired the FDA Center for Drug Evaluation and Research Drug Trials Snapshot (DTS) between 2015 and 2020 for urologic oncology clinical trials leading to FDA approval of novel drugs.

Patient and Provider Perception of Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor vs Chemoablation for Nonmuscle-invasive Bladder Cancer Treatment.

Purpose: The aim of this mixed methods study was to investigate patient and provider perceptions of repeat transurethral resection of bladder tumors to improve counseling as new nonsurgical treatment modalities for nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer emerge.

Materials And Methods: Quantitative data were collected via a web-based survey through the Bladder Cancer Advocacy Network of patients with nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer who had undergone at least 1 transurethral resection of bladder tumor. Bivariable and multivariable analyses were performed to evaluate associations of patient demographics and clinical variables with treatment preference.

Patient Decision-Making Factors in Aggressive Treatment of Low-Risk Prostate Cancer.

Background: Active surveillance (AS) is underutilized for low-risk prostate cancer. This study examines decision-making factors associated with AS vs aggressive treatment in a population-based cohort of low-risk patients.

Methods: Newly diagnosed patients (n = 599) were enrolled through the North Carolina Central Cancer Registry from 2011 to 2013 and surveyed regarding 5 factors that may impact treatment decision making: perceived cancer aggressiveness, aggressiveness of treatment intent, most important goal (eg, cure, quality of life), primary information source, and primary decision maker.

Minimal Patient-Reported Side Effects for a Chemoablative Gel (UGN-102) Used as Frontline Treatment in Adults with Nonmuscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Purpose: Optima II ("OPTimized Instillation of Mitomycin for Bladder Cancer Treatment," clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03558503) was a phase 2b trial evaluating a nonsurgical alternative as a primary treatment for nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Patients received 6 weekly instillations of UGN-102, a mitomycin-containing reverse thermal gel.

Non-oncology clinical trial engagement in a nationally representative sample: Identification of motivators and barriers.

Background: Enrollment in non-oncology clinical trials is often challenging and social determinants that may serve as motivators or barriers to clinical trial enrollment are largely unexplored. We sought to assess engagement in non-oncology clinical trials with a focus on social determinants of health as barriers or motivators toward participation.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of non-cancer respondents was conducted using the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) administered in 2020.

Revisiting Provider Role in Patient Use of Online Medical Records.

Objectives: Provider encouragement for patient use of online medical record (OMR) systems is poorly understood. The study examines temporal trends and predictors of provider encouragement and the effects of encouragement on OMR use.

Methods: Health Information National Trends Survey administered in 2017 and 2020 were used.

Perceptions of e-cigarette harm among cancer survivors: Findings from a nationally representative survey.

Background: The growth in e-cigarette use may be driven by the perception that they are a safer, healthier alternative to conventional cigarettes. However, their long-term health implications are not well known and use is discouraged by most cancer societies. It is currently unclear how cancer survivors perceive the risks associated with e-cigarette and how this may influence use in this population.

Patterns and associations of smoking and electronic cigarette use among survivors of tobacco related and non-tobacco related cancers: A nationally representative cross-sectional analysis.

Background: Tobacco-use among cancer survivors leads to preventable morbidity, mortality, and increased healthcare costs. We sought to explore the prevalence of smoking and e-cigarette use among survivors of tobacco and non-tobacco related cancers.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using the 2015-2018 National Health Interview Survey.

Patterns of Recurrence, Detection Rates, and Impact of 18-F Fluciclovine PET/CT on the Management of Men With Recurrent Prostate Cancer.

Objective: To evaluate the characteristics of FACBC PET/CT in detecting recurrent prostate cancer after radiation or prostatectomy. The secondary aim was to determine the impact of FACBC PET/CT on radiation treatment recommendations in men with biochemical recurrence postprostatectomy.

Methods: This is a single center retrospective study of men who underwent an FACBC PET/CT for rising PSA after definitive prostate cancer therapy.

Receipt of Guideline-Recommended Surveillance in a Population-Based Cohort of Prostate Cancer Patients Undergoing Active Surveillance.

Purpose: Prospective clinical trials have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of active surveillance for men with localized prostate cancer but also suggested that inadequate surveillance may risk missing an opportunity for cure.

Methods And Materials: We used data from a population-based cohort of active-surveillance patients to examine the rigor of surveillance monitoring in the general population.

Results: Among 1419 patients enrolled from 2011 to 2013 throughout the state of North Carolina in collaboration with the state cancer registry and followed prospectively, 346 pursued active surveillance.

Patterns of Current Cigarette Smoking, Quit Attempts and Cessation Counseling among Survivors of Smoking-Related and Nonsmoking-Related Urological Malignancies: A Nationally Representative Cross-Sectional Analysis.

Purpose: Cigarette smoking is the leading modifiable risk factor for several genitourinary malignancies. Although smoking cessation after genitourinary cancer diagnosis is a critical component of survivorship, factors related to continued smoking are under studied.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the National Health Interview Survey (2014-2018).

Cardiovascular Care Among Cancer Survivors in the United States.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of mortality among cancer survivors, but whether survivors receive routine cardiovascular monitoring and preventive care has not been well studied. This study uses a population-based dataset to examine this question.

Methods: Data from the National Health Interview Survey were used to identify 13 266 cancer survivors who completed surveys from 2011 to 2015.

Patient-reported sexual quality of life after different types of radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy: Analysis of a population-based prospective cohort.

Background: Although patients with prostate cancer face many treatment options, to the authors' knowledge the comparative effects of different surgical and radiotherapy (RT) options on sexual function are unclear.

Methods: In the current study, a population-based cohort of 835 men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer from 2011 through 2013 was recruited throughout North Carolina in collaboration with the Rapid Case Ascertainment system of the North Carolina Central Cancer Registry. All men were enrolled prior to treatment and followed prospectively using the validated Prostate Cancer Symptom Indices (PCSI) instrument.

Factors influencing prostate cancer treatment decisions for African American and white men.

Background: Prostate cancer racial disparities in mortality outcomes are the largest in all of oncology, and less aggressive treatment received by African American (AA) patients versus white patients is likely a contributing factor. However, the reasons underlying the differences in treatment are unclear.

Methods: This study examined a prospective, population-based cohort of 1170 men with newly diagnosed nonmetastatic prostate cancer enrolled from 2011 to 2013 before treatment throughout North Carolina.

Comparing algorithms for composite measures of intra-disease multiple medication adherence: The case of diabetes.

Background: Adherence to multiple medications (i.e., separate dosage forms) intended for a disease can be measured by different single estimators, termed as composite estimators of intra-disease multiple medication adherence: 80% days covered (a) by at least one medication ("at least one"); (b) by both medications ("both"); (c) by each medication measured separately ("all"); and (d) computing an average of the individual medication adherence estimates ("average").

Total Medicare Costs Associated With Diagnosis and Treatment of Prostate Cancer in Elderly Men.

Importance: Localized prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment among elderly men who are not likely to benefit represents a potential source of low-value health care services.

Objective: To quantify the costs to the Medicare program associated with detection and treatment of prostate cancer among elderly men in the United States.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This nationwide, population-based, retrospective cohort study uses the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare linked database to identify men 70 years or older diagnosed with localized prostate cancer between 2004 and 2007 and to ascertain Medicare costs associated with diagnosis and workup, treatment, follow-up, and morbidity management of the disease.

Comparative Effectiveness of Prostate Cancer Treatment Options: Limitations of Retrospective Analysis of Cancer Registry Data.

Purpose: Retrospective analyses of cancer registry and institutional data have consistently found better survival after radical prostatectomy versus radiation therapy, which contrasts with findings from a randomized trial. This is likely because of the inability of retrospective studies to fully account for comorbidity differences across treatment groups because of the lack of detailed data in the registries. We use a unique population-based data set with detailed data regarding comorbidities and functional limitations to assess whether this can provide valid comparisons of survival across prostate cancer treatment groups.

Hospital pharmacists' perceived beliefs and responsibilities in indication-based off-label prescribing.

Background Off-label prescribing is prevalent in healthcare. There is a lack of understanding of pharmacists' attitudes toward the practice of off-label prescribing, especially those that are prescribed for other indications than approved ones (termed as indication-based off-label prescribing). Objective Explore hospital pharmacists' attitudes toward and perceived responsibility in off-label and indication-based off-label prescribing in hospital pharmacy practice.

Prostate Cancer Patient Characteristics Associated With a Strong Preference to Preserve Sexual Function and Receipt of Active Surveillance.

Background: Men with early-stage prostate cancer have multiple options that have similar oncologic efficacy but vary in terms of their impact on quality of life. In low-risk cancer, active surveillance is the option that best preserves patients' sexual function, but it is unknown if patient preference affects treatment selection. Our objectives were to identify patient characteristics associated with a strong preference to preserve sexual function and to determine whether patient preference and baseline sexual function level are associated with receipt of active surveillance in low-risk cancer.