Ocular and Plasma Pharmacokinetics of Sitagliptin Eye Drops: Preclinical Data.

Early stages of diabetic retinopathy are currently considered an unmet medical need due to the lack of effective treatments beyond proper monitoring and control of glycemia and blood pressure. Sitagliptin eye drops have emerged as a new therapeutic approach against early stages of the disease, as they can prevent its main hallmarks, including both neurodegeneration and microvascular impairment. Interestingly, all of these effects occur without any glycemic systemic improvement.

Cavernous hemangioma in the masticatory space.

Hemangiomas are benign congenital vascular tumors that commonly arise in the head and neck regions. Although they present with indolent growth and involution in most cases, they can cause facial deformities. Hemangiomas have three subtypes: capillary, cavernous, and mixed.

Sustained Ventricular Tachycardia as the first presentation of transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy.

Transthyretin Amyloid Cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) was considered an uncommon disease until a few years ago, but advances in the epidemiology and non-invasive diagnostic tests have increased its timely detection. We report a 71 years-old man with history of hypertension and an incidental carcinoma of the left kidney detected 6 years ago, without heart failure who was performed cardiac magnetic resonance images (MRI) by suspicion of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Before his cardiologist be aware of the result, he suffered a severe sustained ventricular tachycardia (SVT) that required emergency cardioversion.

Sitagliptin eye drops prevent the impairment of retinal neurovascular unit in the new Trpv2 rat model.

Impaired function of the retinal neurovascular unit (NVU) is an early event in diabetic retinopathy (DR). It has been previously shown that topical delivery of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor sitagliptin can protect against diabetes-mediated dysfunction of the retinal NVU in the db/db mouse. The aim of the present study was to examine whether sitagliptin could prevent the DR-like lesions within the NVU of the new non-diabetic model of DR, the Trpv2 knockout rat (Trpv2).

Exposure Scenarios for Estimating Contaminant Levels in Healthy Sustainable Dietary Models: Omnivorous vs. Vegetarian.

Consumers are regularly exposed to well-known food contaminants (FCs), which are typically assessed for risk on an individual basis. However, there is limited knowledge about the overall levels and combinations of these compounds depending on dietary choices. The goal of this study was to estimate the real-life mixtures of FCs in different dietary models by integrating extensive data from the scientific literature concerning the reliable quantification of FCs in foods.

Reduced expression of in differentiated thyroid cancer, the contribution of CPG methylation, and their clinical relevance.

Introduction: Forkhead box E1 () is a transcription factor with a crucial role in thyroid morphogenesis and differentiation. Promoter hypermethylation downregulates expression in different tumor types; nevertheless, its expression and relationship with methylation status in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) remain unclear.

Methods: A total of 33 pairs of matched samples of PTC tumors and non-tumors were included.

Impact of hearing impairment on cognitive performance.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the cognitive performance in adults with hearing loss and to identify associations between clinical characteristics of hearing loss and cognitive outcomes.

Methods: In this cross-sectional analytical observational study, adults with hearing loss underwent the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), following the collection of their clinical and audiometric data.

Results: Among 134 evaluated individuals, a majority reported a progressive onset (91.

Follicular cell-derived thyroid carcinomas harboring novel genetic mutations: real-world data obtained using a multigene panel.

Objectives: To assess the molecular profile of follicular cell-derived thyroid carcinomas (FCDTCs) and correlate the identified mutations with the clinical and pathological features of the affected patients.

Materials And Methods: Cross-sectional study of tumor samples from 100 adult patients diagnosed with FCDTC between 2010 and 2019. The patients' clinical and pathological data were collected.

Physicians' preferencesfor radioiodine treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer in Brazil: an observational study.

Objective: The aim of this observational, cross-sectional study was to investigate physicians' preferences for radioiodine (RAI) treatment in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) in Brazil and the factors influencing RAI indications.

Materials And Methods: A survey was distributed to physicians potentially involved in DTC care in Brazil to understand the factors influencing RAI indications. The survey collected information on the profiles of the physicians, along with the characteristics of their workplaces and their preferences regarding RAI indications in three hypothetical clinical cases.

[Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy – Clinically fact or academic curiosity? Review. Part 3: treatment].

Hepatic transplantation (HT) is the standard of care of end-stage liver disease with Cirrhotic Cardiomyopathy (CCM), but medical treatment with combination of diuretics and non-selective beta blockers are important before and after that. Owing to its particular pathophysiology unlike another etiologies of heart failure, in CCM angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin II type I receptor blockers (ARB), and angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) are not recommended. Transjugular intrahepatic porto-systemic shunt (TIPS) has indications in CMM but its potential benefits and risks must be considered and more researh is necessary.

Eddy Current-Based Delamination Imaging in CFRP Using Erosion and Thresholding Approaches.

Carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) is a composite material known for its high strength-to-weight ratio, stiffness, and corrosion and fatigue resistance, making it suitable for its use in structural components. However, CFRP can be subject to various types of damage, such as delamination, matrix cracking, or fiber breakage, requiring nondestructive evaluation to ensure structural integrity. In this context, damage imaging algorithms are important for assessing the condition of this material.

Treatment Preferences in Patients with Hypothyroidism: an Analysis of Eleven Randomized Controlled Trials.

Introduction: Levothyroxine (L-T4) monotherapy is the standard of care for the treatment of hypothyroidism. A minority of the L-T4-treated patients remain symptomatic and report better outcomes with combination therapy that contains liothyronine (L-T3) or with desiccated thyroid extract (DTE).

Goal: To assess patient preferences in the treatment of hypothyroidism.

Research, Science Identity, and Intent to Pursue a Science Career: A BUILD Intervention Evaluation at CSULB.

This paper presents an analysis of survey data to examine the association between participating in one of the National Institute of Health's (NIH) funded Building Infrastructure Leading to Diversity Initiative (BUILD) program and students' intent to pursue a career in science. Data were collected from students at California State University Long Beach (CSULB) to examine the effectiveness of the BUILD Scholars program. Both BUILD Scholars and non-BUILD students were surveyed.

Ethics of abortion in transplantation.

Purpose Of Review: The controversial medical procedure of abortion is the subject of this article. It argues that for transplant patients, including recipients, abortion is ethical.

Recent Findings: In June 2022, the United States Supreme Court overturned the long-standing decision of Roe v.

Effect of the dietary supplementation with sunflower oil-enriched bromoform from Asparagopsis taxiformis on lambs' growth, health, and ruminal methane production.

The red seaweed Asparagopsis taxiformis has a potent antimethanogenic effect, which has been proven both in vitro and in vivo. Vegetable oil immersions of this seaweed (hereafter Bromoil) help stabilise the bromoform (CHBr) responsible for its antimethanogenic effect. We evaluate the effects of increasing the levels of CHBr in lamb diets on growth performance, methane (CH) production, animal health and meat quality.

Influence of daily life and health profile in subtle cognitive decline of women residing in Spanish religious communities: DeCo religious orders study.

Background: Prior to the onset of dementia, individuals commonly undergo a phase marked by subtle cognitive changes, known as subtle cognitive decline. Recognizing these early cognitive alterations is crucial, as they can serve as indicators of an impending decline in cognitive function, warranting timely intervention and support.

Objectives: To determine the incidence of subtle cognitive decline in a population of Spanish women and establish the relationship with possible protective and/or risk factors such as cognitive reserve, cardiovascular risk factors, medication consumption and psychosocial factors.

Hibernacula of bats in Mexico, the southernmost records of hibernation in North America.

Although Mexico holds the southernmost hibernating bats in North America, information on winter behavior and hibernacula microclimate use of temperate Mexican bats is limited. We studied hibernating bats at high altitudes (>1,000 m a.s.

[Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy – Clinically fact or academic curiosity? Review. Part 2: ECG, functional tests, images, biomarkers, screening for coronary heart disease and differentianting diagnosis].

The diagnosis of Cirrhotic Cardiomyopathy is based on severe hepatic cirrosis with deterioration of cardiac function without previous cardiopathy, but this is subclinical during a long time. In this second part we review the non-invasive diagnostic methods and their prognostic value in patients with or without hepatic transplant, from ECG to cardiac images of magnetic resonance.

Thr92Ala-DIO2 heterozygosity is associated with skeletal muscle mass and myosteatosis in patients with COVID-19.

Introduction: The type 2 deiodinase and its Thr92Ala-DIO2 polymorphism have been linked to clinical outcomes in acute lung injury and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Objective: The objective was to identify a potential association between Thr92Ala-DIO2 polymorphism and body composition (appendicular muscle mass, myosteatosis, and fat distribution) and to determine whether they reflect the severity or mortality associated with the disease.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study (June-August 2020), 181 patients hospitalized with moderate-to-severe COVID-19 underwent a non-contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) of the thorax to assess body composition, laboratory tests, and genotyping for the Thr92Ala-DIO2 polymorphism.