Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of a preparation of essential oils of thyme and star anise, and quillaja bark powder (BIOSTRONG® 510 all natural) for all poultry species (Delacon Biotechnik GmbH).

Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of a preparation consisting of essential oils of thyme and star anise, and quillaja bark powder (BIOSTRONG® 510 all natural) as a zootechnical feed additive (functional groups: digestibility enhancer; other zootechnical additives) for all poultry species. BIOSTRONG® 510 all natural is a preparation of partially microencapsulated essential oils, quillaja bark powder, dried herbs and dried spices. The additive contains estragole (up to ■■■■■.

Assessment of the feed additive consisting of DSM 23375 for all animal species for the renewal of its authorisation (Agri-King, Inc.).

Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the assessment of the application for renewal of DSM 23375, a technological additive to improve ensiling of fresh material for all animal species. The applicant has provided evidence that the additive currently on the market complies with the existing conditions of authorisation. There is no new evidence that would lead the FEEDAP Panel to reconsider its previous conclusions.

Efficacy of an Immunotherapy Combining Immunogenic Chimeric Protein Plus Adjuvant and Amphotericin B against Murine Visceral Leishmaniasis.

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in the Americas is a chronic systemic disease caused by infection with parasites. The toxicity of antileishmanial drugs, long treatment course and limited efficacy are significant concerns that hamper adequate treatment against the disease. Studies have shown the promise of an immunotherapeutics approach, combining antileishmanial drugs to reduce the parasitism and vaccine immunogens to activate the host immune system.

Stabilizing Effect of a 4c/6e Hypervalent Bond in Dinitrodiphenyl Disulfides and Their Thermochemical Properties: Experimental and Computational Approach.

Thermochemical properties and intramolecular interactions of 2,2'-dinitrodiphenyl disulfide (2DNDPDS) and 4,4'-dinitrodiphenyl disulfide (4DNDPDS) were determined and analyzed. Their standard molar formation enthalpies in the gas phase (Δ(g)'s) were experimentally determined; theoretically, they were computed using the G4 composite method and atomization reactions. Specifically, Δ(g)'s were obtained by combining formation enthalpies in the condensed phase and enthalpies of phase change.

Phylogenetic diversity and the structure of host-epiphyte interactions across the Neotropics.

Understanding the mechanisms driving community assembly has been a major focus of ecological research for nearly a century, yet little is known about these mechanisms in commensal communities, particularly with respect to their historical/evolutionary components. Here, we use a large-scale dataset of 4,440 vascular plant species to explore the relationship between the evolutionary distinctiveness (ED) (as measured by the 'species evolutionary history' (SEH)) of host species and the phylogenetic diversity (PD) of their associated epiphyte species. Although there was considerable variation across hosts and their associated epiphyte species, they were largely unrelated to host SEH.

Efficacy of a feed additive consisting of endo-1,4-beta-xylanase produced by ATCC PTA-127053 (Xygest™ HT) for all poultry species (Kemin Europa N.V.).

Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the efficacy of endo-1,4-beta-xylanase produced by ATCC PTA-127053 (Xygest™ HT) as a zootechnical feed additive (functional group: digestibility enhancers) for all poultry. In a previous opinion, the FEEDAP Panel concluded that Xygest™ HT is safe for all poultry, consumers, and the environment. The additive is not considered to be irritant to eyes and skin but a dermal and a respiratory sensitiser, although exposure by inhalation is unlikely.

Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of an essential oil from the seeds of Houtt. (nutmeg oil) for all animal species (FEFANA asbl).

Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of an essential oil from the seeds of Houtt. (nutmeg oil), when used as a sensory additive in feed and water for drinking for all animal species. The additive contains myristicin (up to 12%), safrole (2.

Candesartan exhibits low intrinsic permeation capacity and affects buccal tissue viability and integrity: An ex vivo study in porcine buccal mucosa.

Candesartan is a nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor blocker that selectively binds to angiotensin II receptor subtype 1. It is administered orally in its ester form (candesartan cilexetil). However, its poor aqueous solubility results in its low bioavailability; therefore, other routes of administration must be explored.

Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of DSM 32650 as a feed additive for all animal species (BioCC OÜ).

Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of DSM 32650 as a technological feed additive (functional group: silage additive) for all animal species. The additive is intended to improve the production of silage at a proposed application rate of 1 × 10 colony-forming units (CFU)/kg fresh material. The bacterial species is considered by the European Food Safety Authority to be suitable for the qualified presumption of safety (QPS) approach.

Assessment of the feed additive consisting of thaumatin for all animal species for the renewal of its authorisation (ADISSEO France S.A.S.).

Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the assessment of the application for the renewal of authorisation of thaumatin as a sensory additive (flavouring compound) for all animal species. The applicant requested a change in the authorising regulation for the minimum content of nitrogen and protein in the specification of the additive. The EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) confirms that the use of thaumatin under the current authorised conditions of use is safe for the target species, the consumers and the environment.

Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of β-mannanase produced by CBS 120604 (Nutrixtend Optim) for use in all poultry for fattening (Kerry Ingredients & Flavours Ltd).

Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of a product containing β-mannanase produced by a non-genetically modified strain of (CBS 120604). The commercial name is Nutrixtend Optim and it is intended to be used as a zootechnical feed additive for all poultry for fattening. Based on a tolerance trial in chickens for fattening and the no observed adverse effect level identified in a subchronic oral toxicity study in rats, the additive was considered safe for all poultry for fattening.

Efficacy of a feed additive consisting of NITE BP-01844 (BA-KING®) for chickens for fattening, chickens reared for laying, turkeys for fattening, turkeys reared for breeding and all avian species for fattening, or rearing to slaughter or point of lay including non-food producing species (Toa Biopharma Co., Ltd.).

Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the efficacy of BA-KING® as a zootechnical feed additive to be used as a gut flora stabiliser for chickens for fattening, chickens reared for laying, turkeys for fattening, turkeys reared for breeding and all avian species for fattening or rearing to slaughter or point of lay including non-food producing species. The product under assessment is based on viable spores of a strain identified as , which is considered suitable for the qualified presumption of safety (QPS) approach to safety assessment. In a previous opinion, the FEEDAP Panel concluded that BA-KING® was safe for the target species, consumers of products derived from animals fed the additive and the environment.

Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of (Willd.) R. Br. extract and leaves (Sangrovit® extra) for all poultry species (excluding laying and breeding birds) (Phytobiotics Futterzusatzstoffe GmbH).

Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of (Willd.) R. Br.

Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of monensin sodium (Elancoban® G200) for chickens for fattening, chickens reared for laying and turkeys (Elanco GmbH).

Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a new scientific opinion on the coccidiostat monensin sodium (Elancoban® G200) when used as a feed additive for chickens for fattening and turkeys. Based on the new data provided, the Panel updates its previous conclusions as follows: monensin sodium is produced by fermentation by a non-genetically modified strain of sp. NRRL B-67924.

Efficacy of a feed additive consisting of CNCM I-3740 (Biacton®) for chickens and turkeys for fattening (ChemVet dk A/S).

Following a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the efficacy of the additive consisting of (formerly ) CNCM I-3740 (tradename: Biacton®) for chickens for fattening, turkeys for fattening and laying hens. The additive is a preparation containing viable cells of CNCM I-3740 at the minimum concentration of 1 × 10 CFU/g additive. It is intended to be used as a zootechnical additive in feed for chickens for fattening, turkeys for fattening and laying hens at the recommended application level of 5 × 10 CFU/kg complete feed.

Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of potassium ferrocyanide for all animal species (K + S KALI GmbH).

Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of potassium ferrocyanide as a technological feed additive, functional group anticaking agents, for all animal species. The additive potassium ferrocyanide is intended to be used in potassium chloride with a maximum content of 150 mg ferrocyanide anion/kg salt. The use of potassium ferrocyanide is safe, when added to potassium chloride at a maximum content of 150 mg ferrocyanide anions (anhydrous)/kg for: pigs for fattening and lactating sows, sheep, goats, salmon and dogs.

Assessment of the feed additive consisting of NCIMB 30168 for all animal species for the renewal of its authorisation (Volac International Ltd).

Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the assessment of the application for renewal of NCIMB 30168 as a technological additive for use in forage for all animal species. The applicant has provided evidence that the additive currently on the market complies with the existing conditions of authorisation. There is no new evidence that would lead the FEEDAP Panel to reconsider its previous conclusions.

Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of endo-1,4-beta-xylanase, endo-1,3(4)-beta-glucanase and endo-1,4-beta-glucanase produced by ATCC 74444 (Ronozyme® Multigrain) for use in poultry for fattening, poultry for laying and piglets (weaned) (DSM Nutritional Products).

Ronozyme® Multigrain G/L is the trade name of the feed additive under assessment containing endo-1,4-beta-xylanase, endo-1,4-beta-glucanase and endo-1,3(4)-beta-glucanase produced by a non-genetically modified strain of (ATCC 74444). It is authorised for use as a zootechnical additive (functional group: digestibility enhancer) in poultry for fattening, poultry for laying and weaned piglets. This scientific opinion concerns the request for the renewal of the authorisation of the additive for the species/categories for which there is an authorisation.

Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (produced by DSM 32858) for all pigs, all poultry for fattening and ornamental birds and other poultry species (Huvepharma NV).

Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (produced by DSM 32858) for all pigs, all poultry for fattening and ornamental birds and other poultry species. The production strain DSM 32858 is not genetically modified however, uncertainties remain on the possible presence of its viable cells in the final product. Due to the lack of adequate safety data and uncertainty on the presence of nano particles, the FEEDAP Panel cannot conclude on the safety of the additive for the target species and the consumer.

Liqueur Using Spirits Aged with Almond Shells: Chemical Characterization and Phenolic Profile.

With great cultural significance, spirits and distillate beverages constitute an important niche market in Europe. The development of new food products, particularly for the functionalization of these beverages, is increasing exponentially. The present work aimed to develop a new wine spirit beverage aged with almond shells and flowers of for further characterization of bioactive and phenolic compounds, coupled with a sensorial study to evaluate the acceptance of this new product by the market.

Scientific opinion on the presence of DNA in the feed additives consisting of concentrated liquid l-lysine, l-lysine monohydrochloride and concentrated liquid l-lysine monohydrochloride produced by NITE BP-02917 for all animal species (METEX NOOVISTAGO).

Following a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on concentrated liquid l-lysine, l-lysine monohydrochloride and concentrated liquid l-lysine monohydrochloride produced by a genetically modified strain of (NITE BP-02917) as nutritional and as sensory (flavouring compound) feed additives for all animal species. In 2022, the FEEDAP Panel issued an opinion on the safety and efficacy of these products. In that assessment, the FEEDAP Panel could not exclude the potential presence of recombinant DNA derived from the genetically modified production organism in the products.

Safety and efficacy of the feed additive 4-methyl-5-vinylthiazole [15.018] belonging to chemical group 29 for all animal species (FEFANA asbl).

Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of 4-methyl-5-vinylthiazole [15.018] belonging to chemical group 29 (thiazoles, thiophene and thiazoline), when used as sensory additive (flavourings) in feed for all animal species. The FEEDAP Panel concluded that 4-methyl-5-vinylthiazole [15.

Repercussions and Legacy of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Manaus, Brazil: The Health Managers' Perspective.

The present study aimed to know and analyze the repercussions and legacy of the COVID-19 pandemic for the Unified Health System from the perspective of health managers working in Manaus, a city considered the epicenter of the pandemic in Brazil. This qualitative research was designed as the study of a single incorporated case and conducted with 23 Health Care Network managers. The analysis was applied in two thematic coding cycles (values and focused coding methods), with the aid of the ATLAS.