Publications by authors named "Ramona A Houmanfar"

Recent findings in health sciences and medical education highlight the importance of training healthcare professionals to interact with their patients in a culturally humble manner (Nadal et al., in Journal of Counseling and Development 92: 57-66, 2014; Pascoe & Smart Richman, in Psychological Bulletin 135: 531, 2009; Sirois & Burg, in Behavior Modification 27: 83-102, 2003; Williams & Mohammed, in Journal of Behavioral Medicine 32: 20-47, 2009). An important piece in the progression of our ability to address training challenges is the assessment of cultural humility.

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Despite increasing attention to lack of diversity among medical education faculty, those traditionally underrepresented in medicine remain so. In 2017, the University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine approved a new policy to increase diversity in the faculty search process, which includes a mandatory 2-h workshop on best practices in search processes and implicit bias training. Workshop participants were 179 search committee members making up 55 committees from February 2017 to March 2020.

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The objective of this project was to train future physicians to work effectively and thoughtfully with diverse populations by teaching them to employ Acceptance and Commitment Training (ACT) skills to increase cultural humility, with the goal of improving attitudes, knowledge, and beliefs about working with diverse patients. We developed ACT for cultural humility online interactive modules as part of an elective course to teach Medical Spanish to 4th-year medical students. Pre- and post-pilot data pertaining to the cultural humility training modules on the Work-Related Acceptance and Action questionnaire, Multidimensional Cultural Humility Scale, knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs were analyzed using paired samples t-tests and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests.

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Article Synopsis
  • Researchers studied how to measure burnout in medical students using two different tests: one that’s obvious (MBI) and one that’s less direct (IRAP).
  • They had students take both tests at different times during their first two years of medical school, mostly online.
  • The results showed that although the two tests often gave different insights, both showed that burnout increased, especially during the first year, and that the IRAP noticed positive feelings about medical training that the other test didn’t pick up.
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Policing in the United States is irrefutably a component of systemic racism. The history of police brutality against the Black community can be found in our amendments, laws, and cultural practices-it is an infrastructure of oppression. Though police brutality is not a new development, it has reached a fever pitch with the deaths of George Floyd and Breonna Taylor.

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Article Synopsis
  • The year 2020 highlighted serious social issues, like racism and injustices, especially seen in the killings of Black individuals, which sparked a strong call for change.
  • Leaders worldwide are trying to respond to these issues by making promises and taking actions to address the long-standing problems of oppression and inequality.
  • The article aims to explain how behavior analysis can help fight systemic oppression and emphasizes the importance of effective communication from leaders to create meaningful social change.
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Aggressive behavior is a source of many significant human problems, most notably the catastrophic loss of life and resources that can result from violent conflicts between groups. Aggressive behavior is particularly likely to arise from aversive conditions that function as motivating operations (MOs) that establish the stimulation produced by aggressive acts as reinforcing. We describe the behavior that arises from these circumstances as aversion-induced aggression (AIA) and argue that the MOs associated with AIA are important factors in initiating and sustaining violent conflicts between groups.

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The origins of the Behavior Analysis program at the University of Nevada, Reno by way of a self-capitalized model through its transition to a more typical graduate program is described. Details of the original proposal to establish the program and the funding model are described. Some of the unusual features of the program executed in this way are discussed, along with problems engendered by the model.

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