Afferent projections to the reticular thalamic nucleus from the globus pallidus and the substantia nigra in the rat.

This study was designed to explore the thalamic output of the globus pallidus (GP) and the pars reticulata (SNR) of the substantia nigra (SN) upon the reticular thalamic nucleus (Rt) in the rat. Thus, 13 animals were deeply anesthetized and stereotaxically injected with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugated with wheat germ agglutinin (HRP-WGA) mixed with HRP free in different portions of GP and SN. Next, we evaluated the anterograde terminal labeling in the rostral two-thirds of Rt.

[Carney's triad: a short review apropos a case].

We communicate a case with the Carney triad (gastric leiomyosarcoma, pulmonary chondromatosis and extra-adrenal paraganglioma). It is, to our knowledge, the first case to be communicated in the Spanish scientific literature. We discuss some peculiar aspects of the debut and clinical evolution of this syndrome, together with its prognosis.

[Anisakiasis in Spain. Report of 3 cases].

We reported here three cases of non-imported anisakiasis in Spanish patients. Eating raw sardines was the only common epidemiological feature. Two of the cases presented clinically as a bowel obstruction, and underwent an emergency surgical procedure.

[Endoscopic choledochoduodenostomy in the treatment of impacted calculi in Vater's papilla].

In a series of 204 patients with common duct stones, sphincterotomy was not possible in 10, due to an impacted stone in the papilla. An endoscopic choledocho-duodenostomy was performed which was effective in all cases. One patient suffered a retroperitoneal perforation which was managed medically.

Partial purification of a novel N-ethylmaleimide-activated translational inhibitor from adult rat brain.

A translational inhibitor that is activated by N-ethylmaleimide treatment can be found in the postmicrosomal fraction prepared from the brain of adult rats, but it is almost undetectable in the same fraction prepared from suckling animals. The inhibitor is thermolabile and remains in the supernatant fraction after precipitation at pH 5. During the purification procedure, the inhibitor in its unactivated state binds to the anion exchanger (diethylaminoethyl-cellulose) but not to the cation exchanger (phosphocellulose).

Prophylaxis against infection. Single-dose cefonicid compared with multiple-dose cefamandole.

A total of 1489 patients were included in a prospective, randomized study that compared the efficacy of a single dose of cefonicid in 474 patients (Group I) with that of three doses of cefamandole in 510 patients (Group II) and five doses of cefamandole in 505 patients (Group III), for prophylaxis against infection after an operation on bone. The operations involved the insertion of a Moore prosthesis, an Ender and Küntscher nail, a bone-plate, or another device for internal fixation. Patients who had an open fracture or a total joint replacement were not included in the study.

Choledocholithiasis in cirrhotic patients: is endoscopic sphincterotomy the safest choice?

Of the 18 endoscopic sphincterotomies performed on 18 cirrhotic patients for choledocholithiasis, a mortality rate of 16.6% was registered. However, this figure can be limited to 6.

Heterogeneity in the beta-subunit of translational initiation factor eIF-2 during brain development.

We have detected by immunoblotting analysis of crude fractions from suckling and adult rat brain, resolved by two-dimensional isoelectric focusing-dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the presence of two different forms of the beta subunit of polypeptide initiation factor 2 (eIF-2). These two forms differ in their apparent molecular weights and also in their isoelectric point values. Quantitation of both forms in the crude fractions shows that, the most basic form beta 1 (pI: 6.

The CHARGE association and athyreosis.

We report on a male infant with congenital hypothyroidism owing to athyreosis occurring with the CHARGE association (bilateral papillary coloboma, congenital heart disease, dysmorphic ears, sensorineural deafness, psychomotor retardation, cryptorchidism, facial palsy, and vesicoureteral reflux). The coexistence of these two disorders has not been described previously.

Serological diagnosis of neurobrucellosis.

The presence of antibodies was determined in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid in six patients with neurobrucellosis using the Rose Bengal test, the microdilution agglutination test, and the Coombs' test. Four of the patients were followed up for more than three months. The Rose Bengal test and the microagglutination test were positive in cerebrospinal fluid in five of the six cases at some stage.

Successful treatment of postoperative external biliary fistulas by endoscopic sphincterotomy.

External biliary fistulas occur as a complication of biliary tract surgery. Until recently, excision of the fistula was the primary therapeutic modality. We describe seven cases of postoperative external biliary fistula successfully treated by endoscopic papillotomy.

Cavernosography in diagnosis of metastatic tumors of the penis: 5 new cases and a review of the literature.

Secondary tumors of the penis are rare, with 266 cases having been reported. We describe 5 new cases studied by cavernosography. The primary tumors were bladder cancer in 3 patients and prostatic cancer in 2.

Perioperative cefamandole prophylaxis against infections.

Seven hundred and seventeen patients were included in a prospective randomized double-blind trial comparing the efficacy of five doses of cefamandole (group I, 335 patients) with that of a single preoperative dose (group II, 382 patients) for prophylaxis against sepsis in patients who had an operation using either a Moore prosthesis, Ender or Küntscher nails, a bone plate, or another internal-fixation device. Patients who had an open fracture or total joint replacement were not included in the study. The two groups were similar in terms of mean age, sex ratio, duration of preoperative hospital stay, underlying risk factors, and type of surgical procedure.

G6PD-Puerto Limón: a new deficient variant of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase associated with congenital nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia.

A new glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) variant with total deficiency associated with congenital nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia was found in a Costa Rican family. The study of the partially purified enzyme revealed thermal instability, increased G6P affinity, abnormal pH optimum, increased utilization of analogues, and a chromatographic behavior that differs from all the variants previously described. Thus, this new variant was designated G6PD Puerto Limón.