A 3-Dimensional Morphometric Analysis of 4 Midsagittal Planes for CT Scan Reference Determination in Children with Syndromic Craniosynostosis.

Objective: To identify the suitable and practical midsagittal plane (MSP) reference for computed tomography (CT) scan skull analysis in patients with syndromic craniosynostosis.

Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: Tertiary referral hospital.

Classification of optic neuritis in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) on MRI using CNN with transfer learning and manipulation of pre-processing on augmentation.

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), also known as Devic disease, is an autoimmune central nervous system disorder in humans that commonly causes inflammatory demyelination in the optic nerves and spinal cord. Inflammation in the optic nerves is termed optic neuritis (ON). ON is a common clinical presentation; however, it is not necessarily present in all NMOSD patients.

Review of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Post-processing for the Brain Tumor-related Epilepsy Study.

20% of brain tumor patients present with seizures at the onset of diagnosis, while a further 25-40% develop epileptic seizures as the tumor progresses. Tumor-related epilepsy (TRE) is a condition in which the tumor causes recurring, unprovoked seizures. The occurrence of TRE differs between patients, along with the effectiveness of treatment methods.

Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of 18 Deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Models with Transfer Learning to Diagnose COVID-19 on Chest X-Ray (CXR) Images.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease caused by a novel strain of coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), severely affecting the lungs. Our study aims to combine both quantitative and qualitative analysis of the convolutional neural network (CNN) model to diagnose COVID-19 on chest X-ray (CXR) images. We investigated 18 state-of-the-art CNN models with transfer learning, which include AlexNet, DarkNet-19, DarkNet-53, DenseNet-201, GoogLeNet, Inception-ResNet-v2, Inception-v3, MobileNet-v2, NasNet-Large, NasNet-Mobile, ResNet-18, ResNet-50, ResNet-101, ShuffleNet, SqueezeNet, VGG-16, VGG-19, and Xception.

OFF-Period Purposeless Groaning in Parkinsonism.

Background: Purposeless groaning is primarily encountered in patients with progressive supranuclear palsy and has also been reported to occur in advanced Parkinson's disease (PD).

Objective: We describe a case of pronounced purposeless groaning occurring as a medication OFF-period nonmotor phenomenon in PD. To our knowledge, this has not been previously reported in the literature.

Automatic COVID-19 Detection Using Exemplar Hybrid Deep Features with X-ray Images.

COVID-19 and pneumonia detection using medical images is a topic of immense interest in medical and healthcare research. Various advanced medical imaging and machine learning techniques have been presented to detect these respiratory disorders accurately. In this work, we have proposed a novel COVID-19 detection system using an exemplar and hybrid fused deep feature generator with X-ray images.

Optic canal characteristics in pediatric syndromic craniosynostosis.

The aim of this study was to compare optic canal parameters of syndromic craniosynostosis patients with those of normal patients to visit the possibility of optic nerve impingement as a cause of visual impairment. Computed tomography scan images were processed using the Materialise Interactive Medical Image Control System (MIMICS) Research 21.0 software (Materialise NV, Leuven, Belgium).

Bone Marrow Fat Distribution in Patients With β-Thalassemia: A Study Using Chemical Shift-Based Water-Fat MRI.

Rationale And Objectives: Molecular studies have shown the changes in bone marrow fat in relation to altered hematopoiesis. This study aims to investigate the changes in the bone marrow fat in patients affected by β-thalassemia by using chemical shift-encoded (CSE)-MRI.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-three subjects, comprising of six healthy (17-31 years old) and 17 β-thalassemia subjects (19-39 years old), were scanned using a multiecho fast low angle shot sequence (0.

Spectrum of imaging findings of papillary breast disease: A radiopathological review in a tertiary center.

To evaluate the clinical and imaging findings of papillary breast neoplasm and review the pathologic correlation at a tertiary center.Retrospective study of patients diagnosed with benign and malignant papillary lesions between 2008 to 2018. 147 patients were identified with histology diagnosis of papillary lesions.

Diagnostic accuracy of tomosynthesis-guided vacuum assisted breast biopsy of ultrasound occult lesions.

This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of digital breast tomosynthesis-guided vacuum assisted breast biopsy (DBT-VABB) of screening detected suspicious mammographic abnormalities comprising of calcifications, asymmetric densities, architectural distortions and spiculated masses. In this institutionally approved study, a total of 170 (n = 170) DBT-VABB were performed, 153 (90%) were for calcifications, 8 (4.7%) for spiculated mass, 5 (2.

Optic Canal Analysis in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: Volumetric and Surface Area Validation Study Using Different Measurement Modalities.

Background: In syndromic craniosynostosis (SC), unlike persistent corneal irritation due to severe exophthalmos and increased intracranial pressure, optic canal (OC) stenosis has been scarcely reported to cause visual impairment. This study aimed to validate the OC volumetric and surface area measurement among SC patients.

Methods: Sixteen computed tomography scan of SC patients (8 months-6 years old) were imported to Materialise Interactive Medical Image Control System (MIMICS) and Materialise 3-matics software.

Neural Fiber Integrity in High- Versus Low-Grade Glioma using Probabilistic Fiber Tracking.

Rationale And Objectives: Gliomatous tumors are known to affect neural fiber integrity, either by displacement or destruction. The aim of this study is to investigate the integrity and distribution of the white matter tracts within and around the glioma regions using probabilistic fiber tracking.

Material And Methods: Forty-two glioma patients were subjected to MRI using a standard tumor protocol with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).

Microstructural Integrity of Peripheral Nerves in Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease: An MRI Evaluation Study.

Background: Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is diagnosed through clinical findings and genetic testing. While there are neurophysiological tools and clinical functional scales in CMT, objective disease biomarkers that can facilitate in monitoring disease progression are limited.

Purpose: To investigate the utility of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in determining the microstructural integrity of sciatic and peroneal nerves and its correlation with the MRI grading of muscle atrophy severity and clinical function in CMT as determined by the CMT neuropathy score (CMTNS).

PINK1 p.Leu347Pro mutations in Malays: Prevalence and illustrative cases.

Background: An improved understanding of the genetic determinants of Parkinson's disease (PD) in underrepresented populations, and better characterization of genotype-phenotype correlations in monogenic PD, are needed. Scarce literature exists regarding the genetic aetiology of PD in Malays, who comprise 200 million individuals in South-East Asia. Phenotypic data regarding PARK-PINK1 are also limited.

Assessing changes in microstructural integrity of white matter tracts in children with leukaemia following exposure to chemotherapy.

Background: Intrathecal and intravenous chemotherapy, specifically methotrexate, might contribute to neural microstructural damage.

Objective: To assess, by diffusion tensor imaging, microstructural integrity of white matter in paediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) following intrathecal and intravenous chemotherapy.

Materials And Methods: Eleven children diagnosed with de novo ALL underwent MRI scans of the brain with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) prior to commencement of chemotherapy and at 12 months after diagnosis, using a 3-tesla (T) MRI scanner.

Adult-onset neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease mimicking Fragile X-associated tremor-ataxia syndrome in ethnic Chinese patients.

Two ethnic Chinese men with clinico-radiologic features of Fragile X-associated tremor-ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) were found on genetic testing to have neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID), highlighting that NIID should be considered in the differential diagnosis of FXTAS. NIID may also be much more common than FXTAS in certain Asian populations.

Randomised controlled clinical trial of a structured cognitive rehabilitation in patients with attention deficit following mild traumatic brain injury: study protocol.

Objectives: To measure the clinical, structural and functional changes of an individualised structured cognitive rehabilitation in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) population.

Setting: A single centre study, Malaysia.

Participants: Adults aged between 18 and 60 years with mTBI as a result of road traffic accident, with no previous history of head trauma, minimum of 9 years education and abnormal cognition at 3 months will be included.

Validity and reliability of the Neuropsychological Assessment Battery - Screening Module (S-NAB) in a subset of Malaysian population with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).

This study assessed the validity (construct validity) and reliability (internal consistency) of the Neuropsychological Assessment Battery Screening Module (S-NAB) in detecting mild cognitive deficit/alteration in multicultural, multilingual, and multiethnic mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) population of Malaysia. S-NAB and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) data from 114 patients with mTBI (93 males; 21 females) aged 18 to 60 years old were obtained at University Malaya Medical Center, Malaysia. The mean age was 28.