Body mass index-adjusted calf circumference is associated with mortality in hospitalized older patients with excess weight.

Objectives: Given the innovative nature of the method, our study aimed to assess the prognostic significance of body mass index (BMI)-adjusted calf circumference (CC) in older patients who are hospitalized.

Methods: This was a unique analysis as part of other cohorts comprising general hospitalized patients aged 60 years or older of both sexes. Only patients with excess weight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m) were included.

Exploring the Hawaiian Ala Wai Watershed with Zebrafish.

The Ala Wai Canal is an artificial waterway in the tourist district of Waikiki in Honolulu, HI. Originally built to collect runoff from industrial, residential, and green spaces dedicated to recreation, the Ala Wai Canal has since experienced potent levels of toxicity due to this runoff entering the watershed and making it hazardous for both marine life and humans at current concentration, including (zebrafish). A community of learners at educations levels from high school to postbaccalaureate from Oahu, HI was connected through the Consortium for Increasing Research and Collaborative Learning Experiences (CIRCLE) distance research program.

Prognostic value of the geriatric nutritional risk index and other hematological markers on long-term survival in the geriatric population.

Objectives: The prognostic value of hematological markers has not been extensively explored in the geriatric population, particularly in the presence of the frailty phenotype among hospitalized individuals. Therefore, our study aimed to assess the influence of the frailty phenotype in hospitalized geriatric individuals on hematological markers and their impact on short- and long-term outcomes.

Methods: This is a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study.

Clinical Experience with Genome-Wide Noninvasive Prenatal Screening in a Large Cohort of Twin Pregnancies.

Non-invasive prenatal screening (NIPS) in twin gestations has been shown to have high detection rates and low false-positive rates for trisomy 21, as seen in singleton pregnancies, although there have been few large cohort twin studies, genome-wide studies in particular, to date. In this study, we looked at the performance of genome-wide NIPT in a large cohort consisting of 1244 twin pregnancy samples collected over a two-year period in a single laboratory in Italy. All samples underwent an NIPS for common trisomies, with 61.

Large Common Mitochondrial DNA Deletions Are Associated with a Mitochondrial SNP T14798C Near the 3' Breakpoints.

Introduction: Large somatic deletions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) accumulate with aging in metabolically active tissues such as the brain. We have cataloged the breakpoints and frequencies of large mtDNA deletions in the human brain.

Methods: We quantified 112 high-frequency mtDNA somatic deletions across four human brain regions with the Splice-Break2 pipeline.

Morphological variation and genealogical discordance in Caatinga sand lizards Calyptommatus Rodrigues 1991 (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) with the description of a new species.

In the last decades, a remarkable fauna of psammophilous and fossorial squamates was discovered in sandy habitats of the semiarid Caatinga of northeast Brazil. Despite the increasing accumulation of genetic data from this unique fauna, an incomplete knowledge of its diversity still hampers a better understanding of its origins and diversification. The fossorial lizard genus Calyptommatus (Gymnophthalmidae) is endemic to sandy habitats of the Caatinga, being currently represented by four allopatric species.

Biased belief priors versus biased belief updating: Differential correlates of depression and anxiety.

Individuals prone to anxiety and depression often report beliefs and make judgements about themselves that are more negative than those reported by others. We use computational modeling of a richly naturalistic task to disentangle the role of negative priors versus negatively biased belief updating and to investigate their association with different dimensions of Internalizing psychopathology. Undergraduate participants first provided profiles for a hypothetical tech internship.

Chemical characterization of the lipids in femoral gland secretions of wild male tegu lizards, Salvator merianae (Squamata, Teiidae) in comparison with captive-bred males.

Although chemical interactions play an essential role in lizard social behavior, the chemical composition of the femoral gland secretions that many lizards use for communication is known for only a few species, mainly European Lacertids. The tegu lizard, Salvator merianae, is the only species of the Teiidae family for which there is available information on lipids in femoral secretions, but only for captive bred males from Argentina. Here, based on mass spectra obtained by GC-MS, we found 69 lipophilic compounds in femoral gland secretions of wild males S.

Algorithms in the historical emergence of word senses.

Human language relies on a finite lexicon to express a potentially infinite set of ideas. A key result of this tension is that words acquire novel senses over time. However, the cognitive processes that underlie the historical emergence of new word senses are poorly understood.

Wrapping in pancreatic surgery: a systematic review.

Background: Wrapping in pancreatic surgery involves the use of the omentum or falciform ligament (FL) to wrap the local retroperitoneal vessels, the pancreatojejunal anastomosis or the pancreatic section of distal pancreatectomy. However, there is no clear evidence that wrapping in fact provides benefits. We have performed a systematic review of the literature about this topic.

Frank intrabiliary rupture in liver hydatidosis located in the hilar plate: a surgical challenge.

Background: Frank intrabiliary rupture (FIR) is a severe complication that occurs in around 30% of patients with liver hydatidosis. When FIR is present, the contents of the cyst may pass into the common bile duct and cause a variety of complications. If the FIR is located in the hilar confluence, surgical repair is a challenge.

Walled-off pancreatic necrosis.

Acute severe pancreatitits may be complicated by the development of 'walled-off pancreatic necrosis' (WOPN), which is characterised by a mixture of solid components and fluids on imaging studies as a consequence of organised pancreatic tissue necrosis. We present here an overview of the definition, clinical features, and diagnostic and therapeutic management of this clinical condition, which is mostly based on consensus as adequate clinical trials are lacking.

Profile of patients with hepatic hydatid disease not treated surgically.

Background: hepatic hydatid disease (HHD) is still an important health problem in certain areas of Spain where it is endemic. The treatment of HHD is usually surgical but certain patients are found to be ineligible after assessment for surgery (asymptomatic disease, comorbidity, patient refusal, or other).

Material And Methods: description of patients assessed in the Department of Surgery for hepatic hydatid disease.

Results of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a third-level university hospital after 17 years of experience.

Objective: The aim of the study is to determine the results obtained with laparoscopic cholecystectomy at Ramón y Cajal Hospital after 17 years of experience, comparing current results with those at the beginning of the experience.

Material And Methods: Between 1991 and December 2007, 3,933 laparoscopic cholecystectomies were performed at the "Ramón y Cajal Hospital"; 1,849 patients were operated on between 1991 and 2000, and 2,084 between 2001 and 2007. Patients studied included 69.

Infiltrating ductal carcinoma and ductal carcinoma in situ associated with mammary hamartoma.

Mammary hamartoma is a rare nonmalignant lesion. Only 11 cases of carcinoma associated with hamartoma have been previously described in the literature. We describe a case of infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC) and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) associated with hamartoma in a 35-year-old woman.