An overview of occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) with emphasis on HBV vaccination.

Background: The prevalence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) poses a significant threat to the lives of 257 million individuals globally, potentially resulting in severe outcomes such as liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. Among the existing preventive measures, yeast-derived vaccines have proven to be the most efficacious approach in combatting hepatitis B. Nonetheless, as scientific inquiries focus more on occult HBV infection (OBI) in vaccinated persons and the lingering risk of vertical transmission affecting 10-30 % of babies born to HBsAg-positive mothers, there is a growing apprehension regarding the inability of HBV vaccines to ensure complete immunity.

The Landscape of microRNAs in Bone Tumor: A Comprehensive Review in Recent Studies.

Cancer, the second greatest cause of mortality worldwide, frequently causes bone metastases in patients with advanced-stage carcinomas such as prostate, breast, and lung cancer. The existence of these metastases contributes to the occurrence of skeletal-related events (SREs), which are defined by excessive pain, pathological fractures, hypercalcemia, and spinal cord compression. These injurious incidents leave uncomfortably in each of the cancer patient's life quality.

The future of diabetic wound healing: unveiling the potential of mesenchymal stem cell and exosomes therapy.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant public health problem and is one of the most challenging medical conditions worldwide. It is the severe complications that make this disease more intricate. A diabetic wound is one of these complications.

Personalized Approaches to Cardiovascular Disease: Insights into FDA-Approved Interventions and Clinical Pharmacogenetics.

Cardiovascular diseases place a considerable burden on global health systems, contributing to high rates of morbidity and mortality. Current approaches to detecting and treating Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) often focus on symptomatic management and are initiated after the disease has progressed. Personalized medicine, which tailors medical interventions to individual characteristics, has emerged as a promising strategy for improving cardiovascular health outcomes.

Advances and challenges of the cell-based therapies among diabetic patients.

Diabetes mellitus is a significant global public health challenge, with a rising prevalence and associated morbidity and mortality. Cell therapy has evolved over time and holds great potential in diabetes treatment. In the present review, we discussed the recent progresses in cell-based therapies for diabetes that provides an overview of islet and stem cell transplantation technologies used in clinical settings, highlighting their strengths and limitations.

Leveraging stem cells to combat hepatitis: a comprehensive review of recent studies.

Hepatitis is a significant global public health concern, with viral infections being the most common cause of liver inflammation. Antiviral medications are the primary treatments used to suppress the virus and prevent liver damage. However, the high cost of these drugs and the lack of awareness and stigma surrounding the disease create challenges in managing hepatitis.

Advances in Treatments for Epidermolysis Bullosa (EB): Emphasis on Stem Cell-Based Therapy.

Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a rare genetic dermatosis characterized by skin fragility and blister formation. With a wide phenotypic spectrum and potential extracutaneous manifestations, EB poses significant morbidity and mortality risks. Currently classified into four main subtypes based on the level of skin cleavage, EB is caused by genetic mutations affecting proteins crucial for maintaining skin integrity.

Unfolded Protein Response Signaling in Hepatic Stem Cell Activation in Liver Fibrosis.

Frequent exposure to various external and internal adverse forces (stresses) disrupts cell protein homeostasis through endoplasmic reticulum (ER) capacity saturation. This process leads to the unfolded protein response (UPR), which aims to re-establish/maintain optimal cellular equilibrium. This complex mechanism is involved in the pathogenesis of various disorders, such as metabolic syndrome, fibrotic diseases, neurodegeneration, and cancer, by altering cellular metabolic changes integral to activating the hepatic stellate cells (HSCs).

Maternal exposure to ambient particulate matter and green spaces and fetal renal function.

Exposure to air pollution has been associated with different harmful effects and exposure to greenspace has been related to improved human health. However, the available evidence on the impact of these exposures on renal function is still scarce. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between exposure to ambient levels of PM, PM, PM and indicators of exposure to traffic as well as greenspace during pregnancy and fetal renal function based on the umbilical cord blood.

Exposure to air pollution during pregnancy and newborn liver function.

Exposure to air pollution has been associated with a wide range of adverse health outcomes. However, the available evidence on the impact of air pollution exposures on liver enzymes is still scarce. The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between exposure to ambient PM, PM and PM during pregnancy and serum level of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) in cord blood samples of newborns.

Human albumin purification: a modified and concise method.

Background: Among different proteins of blood, albumin is considered a unique protein due to having special properties. Now, various protocols are used for the albumin purification worldwide, each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages. Meanwhile, a common method which is often used for the production of albumin is a combination of Cohn along with different types of chromatography.

Purification and Characterization of Bovine Serum Albumin Using Chromatographic Method.

Albumin is an abundant protein of blood and has many biopharmaceutical applications. The aim of this study was to purify bovine serum albumin (BSA) using produced rabbit anti-BSA antibody. The polyclonal antibody was produced against the BSA in rabbits.

Overview of Albumin and Its Purification Methods.

As the most frequent plasma protein, albumin constitutes more than 50% of the serum proteins in healthy individuals. It has a key role in oncotic pressure maintenance and it is known as a versatile protein carrier for transportation of various endogenous and exogenous ligands. Reduced amounts of albumin in the body will lead to different kinds of diseases such as hypovolemia and hypoproteinemia.

A methodological approach for purification and characterization of human serum albumin.

As the most predominant protein in plasma, albumin is synthesized in the liver. Given to various applications of albumin as biopharmaceutical agent, the annual demand for it is 500 tons in the world, which is the highest in the biomedical solutions demand ranking. There exist different procedures for production of albumin.