The impact of COVID-19 on global disparities in surgical training in pediatric otolaryngology.

Objective: To assess global trends in otolaryngologic and non-otolaryngologic education in response to COVID-19, specifically with regard to surgical simulation and personnel reallocation needs in case of patient demand.

Study Design: Online survey.

Methods: A multiple-choice survey regarding operative caseload and impact on resident education was sent to Otolaryngology residents and Pediatric Otolaryngology faculty globally.

Learning Curve for the Direct Superior Approach to Total Hip Arthroplasty.

Surgical learning curves are a representation of the number of cases required for a surgeon to reach a stable rate of outcomes and complications. In this study, the authors present the learning curve for the direct superior (DS) approach to total hip arthroplasty, which is a muscle-sparing modification to the mini-posterior technique. This was a retrospective analysis of the first 40 primary DS cases done by a single surgeon.

Short-Term Safety of the Direct Superior Approach for Total Hip Arthroplasty.

Introduction: Minimally invasive surgery total hip arthroplasty (MIS-THA) is becoming increasingly popular. There are several approaches to MIS-THA that vary according to anatomical access to the hip joint. The direct superior (DS) approach is a recent modification of an MIS posterior approach that spares the iliotibial band and most of the short external rotators of the hip, particularly the quadratus femoris.

Direct Superior Approach to the Hip for Total Hip Arthroplasty.

Background: Traditional posterior approaches to the hip, posterolateral and mini-posterior, violate the iliotibial band and the short external rotators, specifically the quadratus femoris and obturator externus muscles. The direct anterior approach does not violate the iliotibial band or the quadratus femoris, resulting in earlier ambulation and lower dislocation rates. The direct superior (DS) is a posterior approach that spares the iliotibial band, obturator externus tendon, and quadratus femoris muscle.

Tunable, biodegradable gold nanoparticles as contrast agents for computed tomography and photoacoustic imaging.

Gold nanoparticles (AuNP) have been proposed for many applications in medicine. Although large AuNP (>5.5 nm) are desirable for their longer blood circulation and accumulation in diseased tissues, small AuNP (<5.