Publications by authors named "Ramesh Nagarajappa"
Purpose: This systematic review evaluates the relative effectiveness of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and microsurgery for neurosensory recovery following sustained iatrogenic injuries to the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) and lingual nerve (LN) more than 6 months in Oral and Maxillofacial surgery procedures.
Methods: Six articles were included. The mean age of microsurgery studies was 41.
Background: Considered a modern phobia, Nomophobia (NO MObile PHOne PhoBIA) is a term describing irrational fear or anxiety of being unable to access one's own mobile phone.
Objectives: To develop and validate the nomophobia questionnaire, administering it to a sample of adolescents representing undergraduate dental students. To assess the prevalence of Nomophobia, determine the usage pattern of mobile phones and evaluate the impact due to lack of access to mobile phones among undergraduate dental students.
Background: Internet can act as an excellent resource for gaining valuable health related information. However, excessive online research and investigation about health-related issues may impose a negative impact. The term cyberchondria is used to describe a clinical condition in which frequent internet searches for health-related information leads to exaggerated anxieties about physical well-being.
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- Dental caries primarily affects young children and has significant prevalence in lower-income groups, highlighting the need for effective treatment options.
- The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) versus atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) in treating dental caries among schoolchildren aged 6-12 in a randomized clinical trial.
- Results showed that 58.9% of the SDF-treated lesions remained intact after 9 months, compared to 47.8% for the ART group, indicating that SDF is a more effective and accessible treatment method for managing dental caries in vulnerable populations.
Objectives: Antimicrobial efficacy and toxicity analysis of 5 different concentrations of silver zeolite (SZ) compound against 5 common oral pathogens Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus pyogenes, Lactobacillus sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans.
Material And Methods: The antimicrobial efficacy of 5 different concentrations of SZ was tested against 5 common oral pathogens using the agar well diffusion method and the MIC and MBC values were determined using the micro broth dilution method.
Background: Medical emergencies can be distressing for any dental professional, whether in a dental practice, hospital or other sites.
Objectives: To assess the knowledge and awareness of dental practitioners towards medical emergencies and its management in Bhubaneswar.
Material And Methods: In this cross-sectional investigation, a self-administered questionnaire which included demographic details and 19 questions regarding knowledge about medical emergencies, was disseminated to a random sample of 183 dentists working in their private dental clinic set up in Bhubaneswar.
Article Synopsis
- Poor oral health is prevalent among children in rural India, but integrating oral health education through primary health care can foster better habits among children and parents.
- The study assessed the impact of Anganwadi workers (AWWs) on the oral hygiene of preschool children, evaluating changes in practices and oral health indicators over eight months with a pre- and post-education approach.
- Results showed a significant increase in the use of fluoridated toothpaste and a decrease in unhealthy habits, indicating that AWWs can effectively enhance oral health in underserved communities.
Effect of propolis mouth rinse on oral microorganisms - a randomized controlled trial.
Clin Oral Investig
November 2021
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to compare the effectiveness of propolis mouth rinses versus Chlorhexidine in reducing oral pathogens and improving plaque and gingival index scores.
- A randomized controlled trial involved 120 participants who used different mouth rinses over three months, with saliva samples collected for analysis of bacteria levels and plaque scores recorded at set intervals.
- Results showed that both propolis and Chlorhexidine significantly reduced S. mutans and plaque levels, indicating that propolis is as effective as Chlorhexidine in improving oral health.
Article Synopsis
- India's geriatric population, comprising about 80 million individuals (7.2% of the total population), often suffers from poor oral health, negatively affecting their quality of life.
- The study aimed to evaluate how oral diseases impact daily activities and overall quality of life for elderly people living in institutional settings in Kanpur, India, using specific health assessment tools.
- Findings indicated that while the oral health status of the elderly was poor, with issues like teeth decay and gum disease, the impact of these oral diseases on their quality of life was relatively low and statistically insignificant.
Emergency management of dental injury; preparedness among school teachers in Bhubaneswar, India.
Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig
July 2021
Background: School is the place, identified with a noticeable risk of Traumatic Dental Injuries (TDI) in children which have functional, esthetic and psychological effects.
Objectives: To assess the preparedness of concerning traumatic dental injuries and their management among school teachers and also to empower the clinician to frame a set of instructions for school teachers to handle the emergencies effectively at the site of the incident.
Material And Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 330 school teachers enrolled in government and private schools of 24 randomly selected schools in Bhubaneswar city.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigated dental injuries among 12- and 15-year-olds in Kanpur, India, highlighting their functional, aesthetic, and psychological impacts.
- It involved 1100 participants, finding a 10.9% prevalence of these injuries, predominantly affecting boys aged 15, with maxillary central incisors suffering the most damage, often due to falls.
- Key factors identified include increased overjet, inadequate lip coverage, and school type, emphasizing the need for targeted prevention strategies based on these risk factors.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to analyze different types of dental caries and identify risk factors among schoolchildren aged 12 and 15 in Bhubaneswar.
- A survey was conducted with 800 children, using the Caries Assessment Spectrum and Treatment (CAST) scoring method, with various statistical analyses applied to the results.
- Findings indicated a 60.6% prevalence of dental caries, with older children showing higher rates, and the CAST index proved to be a valuable tool for understanding and addressing caries in community health initiatives.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the antimicrobial effects of herbal extracts from Acacia nilotica, Murraya koenigii, Eucalyptus hybrid, and Psidium guajava against harmful oral bacteria Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis.
- The extraction of these plants was done using ethanol, and the effectiveness was tested through the agar well diffusion method, with chlorhexidine used as a positive control.
- Results showed that all extracts, alone or in combination, effectively inhibited bacterial growth, with combinations enhancing efficacy and offering a potential alternative to mainstream antibacterial treatments like chlorhexidine.
Myiasis is a parasitic disease of humans and vertebrates, caused by fly larvae feeding on the host's necrotic or living tissue. Myiasis is classified into cutaneous and cavitary myiasis. Cavitary myiasis is rare and occurs more frequently in tropical and subtropical regions of Africa and America associated with low economic status and poor hygiene.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: To evaluate knowledge and attitude of caregivers/healthcare workers regarding oral health of special need patients, at a comprehensive rehabilitation centre.
Material And Methods: A validated self-administered structured questionnaire was used in an interview style among 120 caregivers at a comprehensive rehabilitation centre. The first part of questionnaire collected demographic information (age, gender, experience, literacy).
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to evaluate how women perceive the attitudes of health professionals during physical exams, involving 1,257 participants and a structured questionnaire with 16 questions.
- Women aged 29-38 showed higher concerns about potential sexual exploitation by doctors, and those with higher education levels had slightly better perception scores compared to those with lower education.
- The findings suggest a need for better education for doctors on respecting female patients to minimize negative perceptions and professional misconduct.
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigates the link between ABO blood groups and the risk of developing oral cancer, specifically focusing on tobacco chewers in Kanpur, with 100 oral cancer patients and 50 controls involved in the research.
- - Results show that men are more affected by squamous cell carcinoma, particularly in the 45-65 age range, and that blood group B+ve exhibits the highest risk for oral cancer, followed by O+ve.
- - The findings suggest an inherited susceptibility to oral cancers, indicating that individuals with blood groups B+ve and O+ve should be warned about their increased risk, especially if they have tobacco chewing habits.
Salivary gland neoplasms represent less than 3% of all tumors in the general population of which benign adenomas account for 65.5%. Basal cell adenoma which is classified as a subtype of monomorphic adenomas accounts for 1-2% of all salivary gland epithelial tumors, and more than 80% of them arise in the major salivary glands, mostly the parotid gland and has female predominance reporting mostly in the elderly age groups.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The frequency and incidence of odontogenic cysts and tumors are controversial and depends in the geographic location. These lesions have great clinical and histopathological diversity, and reflect a need for epidemiological profile to be considered when these lesions are studied.
Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of odontogenic cysts and tumors over a period of 10 years and to compare with other data reported around the world.
Background: The rise in disease incidence, increased resistance of pathogenic bacteria to currently used antibiotics and chemotherapeutics, opportunistic infections in immunocompromised individuals, and financial considerations in developing countries necessitates alternate preventive and treatment strategies for oral diseases.
Objective: The objective of the study is to assess the antimicrobial efficacy of triple and quadruple combinations of Acacia nilotica (AN), Murraya koenigii (Linn.) (MKL) Sprengel, Eucalyptus (Euca), and Psidium guajava (PS) on primary plaque colonizers.
Background: The aim of this in vitro study was to assess antimicrobial efficacy of Acacia nilotica, Murraya koenigii (L.) Sprengel, Eucalyptus hybrid, Psidium guajava extracts, and their combination on Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus.
Materials And Methods: The branches of four plants were collected, identified, and authenticated by a taxonomist.
Background: Oral diseases are among the major public health problems and the commonest of chronic diseases that affect mankind. The application of natural products for the control of oral diseases is considered as an interesting alternative to synthetic antimicrobials due to their lower negative impact, and for the effort to overcome primary or secondary resistance to the drug during therapy.
Objective: To review the current evidence on the antimicrobial efficacy of 10 plant extracts on dental caries and plaque microorganisms.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the antimicrobial effectiveness of four plant extracts against bacteria commonly associated with dental plaque.
- The extracts were derived from Acacia nilotica, P. guajava, Eucalyptus hybrid, and Murraya koenigii using both cold and hot extraction methods, with results showing that all extracts inhibited the targeted bacteria.
- A. nilotica, P. guajava, and E. hybrid particularly demonstrated superior inhibition of S. mutans compared to both chlorhexidine and M. koenigii, suggesting their potential use in developing safer, plant-based antiplaque agents.
Objective of the present study was to investigate relationship between oral health-related quality of life using Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (OIDP) scale and specific clinical dental measures. A cross sectional descriptive survey was conducted among 800 students. Oral health status and impacts were assessed using WHO guidelines and OIDP index respectively.
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