Epidemiology and effects of sociodemographic factors on extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Ambala, India.

Background: An ambitious plan was set into motion with the aim of TB elimination from India in 2025. To achieve this, it is high time to give emphasis on other prevalent forms of TB, such as extra pulmonary TB (EPTB).

Objectives: The study aims to discern the differences in patient characteristics and management practices between pulmonary TB and EPTB using data from district Ambala.

Anti-diabetic activity of methanolic extract of Alpinia galanga Linn. aerial parts in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.

Introduction: Alpinia galanga Linn. belongs to the family Zingiberaceae has been used as a traditional medicine in China for relieving stomach ache, treating cold, invigorating the circulatory systems, diabetes, and reducing swelling.

Aim: To evaluate the antidiabetic activity of methanolic extract of A.

Pharmacognostical study and establishment of quality parameters of aerial parts of Costus speciosus-a well known tropical folklore medicine.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic pharmacognostical characters of Costus speciosus (aerial parts) along with their physico-chemical parameters and fluorosence analysis.

Method: The pharmacognostical characters were determined in terms of macroscopy, microscopy, powder microscopy, leaf constant, fluorescence analysis and preliminary phytochemical investigation.

Results: The findings of macroscopy revealed that leaves elliptic to oblong or oblong-lancoelate, thick, spirally arranged, with stem clasping sheaths up to 4 cm, flowers large, white, cone-like terminal spikes, with bright red bracts.