Genome-wide identification and multiple abiotic stress transcript profiling of potassium transport gene homologs in .

Potassium (K) is the most abundant cation that plays a crucial role in various cellular processes in plants. Plants have developed an efficient mechanism for the acquisition of K when grown in K deficient or saline soils. A total of 47 K transport gene homologs (27 HAKs, 4 HKTs, 2 KEAs, 9 AKTs, 2 KATs, 2 TPCs, and 1 VDPC) have been identified in .

Advances in Plant Metabolomics and Its Applications in Stress and Single-Cell Biology.

In the past two decades, the post-genomic era envisaged high-throughput technologies, resulting in more species with available genome sequences. In-depth multi-omics approaches have evolved to integrate cellular processes at various levels into a systems biology knowledge base. Metabolomics plays a crucial role in molecular networking to bridge the gaps between genotypes and phenotypes.

Altered chromatin conformation and transcriptional regulation in watermelon following genome doubling.

Polyploidy has played a crucial role in plant evolution, development and function. Synthetic autopolyploid represents an ideal system to investigate the effects of polyploidization on transcriptional regulation. In this study, we deciphered the impact of genome duplication at phenotypic and molecular levels in watermelon.

Improvement of Postharvest Quality of Plum ( L.) Using Polysaccharide-Based Edible Coatings.

Polysaccharide-based edible coatings are served as an attractive preservation method for postharvest maintenance of most fruits. The current study examined the effect of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)- and pectin (Pec)- based edible coatings on titratable acidity (TA), firmness; vitamin C (vit C); total soluble solids (TSS); pH; total phenolics; anthocyanin and flavonoid contents; total antioxidant capacity (based on 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl hydrate (DPPH)); the activities of peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and polygalacturonase (PG) enzymes; and weight loss during cold storage. The results showed that each coating and their combinations caused positive effects in all measured parameters except weight loss.

Proteomics, physiological, and biochemical analysis of cross tolerance mechanisms in response to heat and water stresses in soybean.

Water stress (WS) and heat stress (HS) have a negative effect on soybean plant growth and crop productivity. Changes in the physiological characteristics, proteome, and specific metabolites investigated on molecular and cellular functions were studied in two soybean cultivars exposed to different heat and water stress conditions independently and in combination. Leaf protein composition was studied using 2-DE and complemented with MALDI TOF mass spectrometry.

Sodium Chloride Induced Stress Responses of Antioxidative Activities in Leaves and Roots of Pistachio Rootstock.

Salinity substantially affects plant growth and crop productivity worldwide. Plants adopt several biochemical mechanisms including regulation of antioxidant biosynthesis to protect themselves against the toxic effects induced by the stress. One-year-old pistachio rootstock exhibiting different degrees of salinity tolerance were subjected to sodium chloride induced stress to identify genetic diversity among cultivated pistachio rootstock for their antioxidant responses, and to determine the correlation of these enzymes to salinity stress.

Transcriptome changes in reciprocal grafts involving watermelon and bottle gourd reveal molecular mechanisms involved in increase of the fruit size, rind toughness and soluble solids.

Transcriptome landscape reveals the molecular mechanisms involved in the improvement of fruit traits by the grafting of watermelon and bottle gourd. Grafting has been used as a sustainable alternative for watermelon breeding to control soil-borne pathogens and to increase tolerance to various abiotic stresses. However, some reports have shown that grafting can negatively affect the quality of fruits.

Enhanced tolerance of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) plants on abandoned mine land soil leads to overexpression of cannabinoids.

Industrial activities have a detrimental impact on the environment and health when high concentrations of pollutants are released. Phytoremediation is a natural method of utilizing plants to remove contaminants from the soil. The goal of this study was to investigate the ability of Cannabis sativa L.

Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of Sodium Proton Antiporter (NHX) and Human Sodium Proton Exchanger (NHE) Homologs in .

Na⁺ transporters play an important role during salt stress and development. The present study is aimed at genome-wide identification, in silico analysis of sodium-proton antiporter (NHX) and sodium-proton exchanger (NHE)-type transporters in and their expression patterns under varied abiotic stress conditions. In , seven and nine homologs were identified.

Ion homeostasis, osmoregulation, and physiological changes in the roots and leaves of pistachio rootstocks in response to salinity.

Pistachio, one of the important tree nuts, is cultivated in arid and semi-arid regions where salinity is the most common abiotic stress encountered by this tree. However, the mechanisms underlying salinity tolerance in this plant are not well understood. In the present study, five 1-year-old pistachio rootstocks (namely Akbari, Badami, Ghazvini, Kale-Ghouchi, and UCB-1) were treated with four saline water regimes (control, 8, 12, and 16 dS m) for 100 days.

Overexpression of a Plasma Membrane Bound Na/H Antiporter-Like Protein () Confers Salt Tolerance and Improves Fruit Yield in Tomato by Maintaining Ion Homeostasis.

A Na/H antiporter-like protein (NHXLP) was isolated from L. () and validated by overexpressing in tomato for salt tolerance. Homozygous T transgenic lines when evaluated for salt tolerance, accumulated low Na and displayed enhanced salt tolerance compared to wild-type plants (WT).

Comparative leaf proteomics of drought-tolerant and -susceptible peanut in response to water stress.

Unlabelled: Water stress (WS) predisposes peanut plants to fungal infection resulting in pre-harvest aflatoxin contamination. Major changes during water stress including oxidative stress, lead to destruction of photosynthetic apparatus and other macromolecules within cells. Two peanut cultivars with diverse drought tolerance characteristics were subjected to WS, and their leaf proteome was compared using two-dimensional electrophoresis complemented with MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry.

Analysis of genetic diversity and population structure of peanut cultivars and breeding lines from China, India and the US using simple sequence repeat markers.

Cultivated peanut is grown worldwide as rich-source of oil and protein. A broad genetic base is needed for cultivar improvement. The objectives of this study were to develop highly informative simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and to assess the genetic diversity and population structure of peanut cultivars and breeding lines from different breeding programs in China, India and the US.

Proteome Biomarkers in Xylem Reveal Pierce's Disease Tolerance in Grape.

Pierce's disease (PD) is a significant threat to grape cultivation and industry. The disease caused by bacterium clogs xylem vessels resulting in wilting of the plant. PD-tolerant grape genotypes are believed to produce certain novel components in xylem tissue that help them to combat invading pathogens.

iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics of developing and ripening muscadine grape berry.

Grapes are among the widely cultivated fruit crops in the world. Grape berries like other nonclimacteric fruits undergo a complex set of dynamic, physical, physiological, and biochemical changes during ripening. Muscadine grapes are widely cultivated in the southern United States for fresh fruit and wine.

Analysis of peanut leaf proteome.

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is one of the most important sources of plant protein. Current selection of genotypes requires molecular characterization of available populations. Peanut genome database has several EST cDNAs which can be used to analyze gene expression.

Characterization of unique and differentially expressed proteins in anthracnose-tolerant Florida hybrid bunch grapes.

Anthracnose is a major disease in Florida hybrid bunch grapes, caused by a fungus viz. Elsinoe ampelina. Florida hybrid bunch grapes are grown in southeastern USA for their superior wine characteristics.