Analysis of the stability of a predator-prey model including the memory effect, double Allee effect and Holling type-I functional response.

This study proposes and analyses a revised predator-prey model that accounts for a twofold Allee impact on the rate of prey population expansion. Employing the Caputo fractional-order derivative, we account for memory impact on the suggested model. We proceed to examine the significant mathematical aspects of the suggested model, including the uniqueness, non-negativity, boundedness, and existence of solutions to the noninteger order system.

Structural mechanism of CBR binding to peripheral and biased inverse agonists.

The cannabinoid receptor 1 (CBR) regulates synaptic transmission in the central nervous system, but also has important roles in the peripheral organs controlling cellular metabolism. While earlier generations of brain penetrant CBR antagonists advanced to the clinic for their effective treatment of obesity, such molecules were ultimately shown to exhibit negative effects on central reward pathways that thwarted their further therapeutic development. The peripherally restricted CBR inverse agonists MRI-1867 and MRI-1891 represent a new generation of compounds that retain the metabolic benefits of CBR inhibitors while sparing the negative psychiatric effects.

Preliminary clinical performance of a Cas13a-based lateral flow assay for detecting in urine specimens.

Nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT) for is unavailable in resource-limited settings. We previously developed a CRISPR-based lateral flow assay for detecting . We aimed to pair that assay with point-of-care DNA extraction, assess performance in clinical urine specimens, and optimize assay kinetics.

Hydroxyapatite nanoparticle mediated delivery of full length dystrophin gene as a potential therapeutic for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe genetic disorder characterized by progressive muscle degeneration, primarily affecting young males. In this study, we investigated arginine-modified hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (R-HAp) as a novel non-viral vector for DMD gene therapy, particularly for delivering the large 18.8 kb dystrophin gene.

Network-based investigation of petroleum hydrocarbons-induced ecotoxicological effects and their risk assessment.

Petroleum hydrocarbons (PHs) are compounds composed mostly of carbon and hydrogen, originating from crude oil and its derivatives. PHs are primarily released into the environment through the diffusion of oils, resulting from anthropogenic activities like transportation and offshore drilling, and accidental incidents such as oil spills. Once released, these PHs can persist in different ecosystems and cause long-term detrimental ecological impacts.

Biocompatible Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Self-Powered Microelectronics: Design, Performance, and Real-Time Applications.

In the present study, we demonstrated a cost-effective chia seed-based triboelectric nanogenerator (C-TENG), leveraging the triboelectric properties of chia seeds. The C-TENGs are fabricated with a simple architecture, establishing adaptability, cost effectiveness, and versatility as an ecofriendly harvester of mechanical energy. The C-TENG exhibits open- circuit voltage and short-circuit currents on the order of 501.

Late gadolinium enhancement on cardiac MRI: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prognosis across cardiomyopathies.

Background: Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) on cardiac MRI has been shown to predict adverse outcomes in a range of cardiac diseases. However, no study has systematically reviewed and analyzed the literature across all cardiac pathologies including rare diseases.

Methods: PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science were searched for studies evaluating the relationship between LGE burden and cardiovascular outcomes.

A machine learning framework to adjust for learning effects in medical device safety evaluation.

Objectives: Traditional methods for medical device post-market surveillance often fail to accurately account for operator learning effects, leading to biased assessments of device safety. These methods struggle with non-linearity, complex learning curves, and time-varying covariates, such as physician experience. To address these limitations, we sought to develop a machine learning (ML) framework to detect and adjust for operator learning effects.

Hydrothermal synthesis of rGO and MnCoS composite for enhanced supercapacitor application.

Nanostructured materials incorporating transition metal sulfides have demonstrated considerable potential across various applications, particularly in the realms of energy production and storage. Sulfide-based material preparation is a challenging and costly procedure that requires a high temperature and reducing atmosphere. This work reports that manganese cobalt sulfide (MCS) and reduced graphene oxide composite manganese cobalt sulfide (rMCS) were successfully prepared through a hydrothermal method.

A review of the role of graphene-based nanomaterials in tackling challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic.

In 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a pandemic due to the emergence of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) which had resulted by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). At present, the emergence of many new variants and mutants were found to be more harmful compared to the previous strains. As a result, research scientists around the world had devoted significant efforts to understand the mechanism, causes and transmission due to COVID-19 along with the treatment to cure these diseases.

Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Costus speciosus rhizome Bioactive Phytochemicals: A Combined GC-MS and Computational Approach Targeting TLR-4 Signaling.

Background: Plants represent a rich reservoir of bioactive compounds with established therapeutic value in diverse diseases. Notably, the Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in inflammation. Upon engagement with pro-inflammatory ligands like lipopolysaccharide, TLR-4 triggers downstream cascades involving nuclear factor ĸappa B and mitogen- activated protein kinases.

Water as Dual-Function Plasticizer and Cosolvent in Gel Electrolytes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells.

This study presents a novel approach to developing eco-friendly dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) using natural and renewable materials for gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs), reducing reliance on unsustainable solvents. Water is added to polar aprotic solvents, specifically ethylene carbonate/propylene carbonate (EC/PC), across various mass fractions (0:100 to 100:0). An amphiphilic hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) natural polymer is employed to formulate GPEs within this water-EC/PC cosolvent system, achieving successful gelation up to 50:50 mass fractions.

Designing nano-heterostructured nickel doped tin sulfide/tin oxide as binder free electrode material for supercapattery.

New generation of electrochemical energy storage devices (EESD) such as supercapattery is being intensively studied as it merges the ideal energy density of batteries and optimal power density of supercapacitors in a single device. A multitude of parameters such as the method of electrodes preparation can affect the performance of supercapattery. In this research, nickel doped tin sulfide /tin oxide (SnS@Ni/SnO) heterostructures were grown directly on the Ni foam and subjected to different calcination temperatures to study their effect on formation, properties, and electrochemical performance through X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and electrochemical tests.

Emerging ZnO Semiconductors for Photocatalytic CO Reduction to Methanol.

Carbon recycling is poised to emerge as a prominent trend for mitigating severe climate change and meeting the rising demand for energy. Converting carbon dioxide (CO) into green energy and valuable feedstocks through photocatalytic CO reduction (PCCR) offers a promising solution to global warming and energy needs. Among all semiconductors, zinc oxide (ZnO) has garnered considerable interest due to its ecofriendly nature, biocompatibility, abundance, exceptional semiconducting and optical properties, cost-effectiveness, easy synthesis, and durability.

The Long Haul to Surgery: Long COVID Has Minimal Burden on Surgical Departments.

Many patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus (COVID-19) continue to experience symptoms for weeks to years as sequelae of the initial infection, referred to as "Long COVID". Although many studies have described the incidence and symptomatology of Long COVID, there are little data reporting the potential burden of Long COVID on surgical departments. A previously constructed database of survey respondents who tested positive for COVID-19 was queried, identifying patients reporting experiencing symptoms consistent with Long COVID.

Time Lens Photon Doppler Velocimetry (TL-PDV) for extreme measurements.

Capturing extreme surface velocities with  >50 km/s dynamic range, which arise in shock physics such as inertial confinement fusion (ICF), is beyond the reach of conventional photon Doppler velocimetry (PDV) systems due to the need for extremely large electrical bandwidth under such conditions. The recent ignition in ICF calls for new velocimetry that can measure velocities exceeding 100 km/s. Time lens PDV (TL-PDV) is a solution where the high frequency beat signal from a conventional PDV system is periodically temporally magnified in the optical domain using a time lens.

Implications of Convolutional Neural Network for Brain MRI Image Classification to Identify Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease is a chronic clinical condition that is predominantly seen in age groups above 60 years. The early detection of the disease through image classification aids in effective diagnosis and suitable treatment. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data on Alzheimer's disease have been collected from Kaggle which is a freely available data source.

Clinical trial trends over the last 5 years among the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) nations.

Purpose: Although the Americas and Europe have historically dominated the global research landscape, emerging economies - Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS) have significantly increased their contributions in recent years. This article studies clinical trial trends in the BRICS nations between 2018 and 2022 and compares it with trends in the G7 nations (comprising Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the UK, the USA, and the European Union). This will help stakeholders in planning drug development strategies.

High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries with Graphene: An Overview of Recent Developments and Design.

Due to their low production cost, sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are considered attractive alternatives to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) for next generation sustainable and large-scale energy storage systems. However, during the charge/discharge cycle, a large volume strain is resulted due to the presence of a large radius of sodium ions and high molar compared to lithium ions, which further leads to poor cyclic stability and lower reversible capacity. In the past, researchers have devoted significant efforts to explore various anode materials to achieve SIBs with high energy density.

Leveraging integrative toxicogenomic approach towards development of stressor-centric adverse outcome pathway networks for plastic additives.

Plastics are widespread pollutants found in atmospheric, terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems due to their extensive usage and environmental persistence. Plastic additives, that are intentionally added to achieve specific functionality in plastics, leach into the environment upon plastic degradation and pose considerable risk to ecological and human health. Limited knowledge concerning the presence of plastic additives throughout plastic life cycle has hindered their effective regulation, thereby posing risks to product safety.