Combined prenatal to postnatal protein restriction augments protein quality control processes and proteolysis in the muscle of rat offspring.

Several human epidemiological and animal studies suggest that a maternal low-protein (MLP) diet affects skeletal muscle (SM) health in the offspring. However, effect of combined prenatal to postnatal protein restriction (chronic PR) and prenatal to perinatal protein restriction (PR) with postnatal rehabilitation maternal protein restriction (MPR) on protein quality control (PQC) processes and proteolysis in the offspring remains poorly understood. The current study explored the impact of chronic PR and MPR on SM protein degradation rates, chaperones, unfolded protein response (UPR), ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), autophagy, and apoptosis, in the adult offspring.

Chemopreventive Effect of Cinnamon and Its Bioactive Compounds in a Rat Model of Premalignant Prostate Carcinogenesis.

Unlabelled: Cinnamon and its bioactive compounds inhibit prostate cancer cell proliferation in vitro. The aim of the current study was to assess the chemopreventive efficacy of cinnamon (CN) and its bioactive compounds in vivo using N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) and testosterone (T) to induce prostate carcinogenesis in male Wistar/National Institute of Nutrition rats. Cancer-induced (CI) rats (n = 10) developed prostatic hyperplasia and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia.

Disrupted expression of genes essential for skeletal muscle fibre integrity and energy metabolism in Vitamin D deficient rats.

Vitamin D, a secosteroid that regulates mineral homeostasis via its actions in intestine, bone, kidneys and parathyroid glands, has many other target tissues, including skeletal muscle. In the present study, we used rats to examine if diet-induced vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency altered protein synthesis in muscle via the mTOR pathway, and impaired skeletal muscle quality by changing expression of genes needed for its function. Vitamin D deficiency resulted in reduced levels of phosphorylated mTOR, and suppressed mTOR-dependent phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 and p70-S6K, implying a decrease in activity of the protein synthesis machinery.

Cytotoxicity and Proteasome Inhibition by Alkaloid Extract from Murraya koenigii Leaves in Breast Cancer Cells-Molecular Docking Studies.

Murraya koenigii (curry tree) leaves are rich in bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and coumarins. Alkaloids from M. koenigii leaves have antianalgesic, antiulcerogenic, antiobesity, and antitumor activities.

In Vivo Inhibition of Proteasome Activity and Tumour Growth by Murraya koenigii Leaf Extract in Breast Cancer Xenografts and by Its Active Flavonoids in Breast Cancer Cells.

Inhibition of the 26S proteasome is an attractive approach for anticancer therapy. Proteasome inhibitors are known to selectively target cancer cells and make them more sensitive to chemotherapeutic agents. Murraya koenigii is a medicinally important herb of Asian origin and a rich source of bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and alkaloids.