Noncontiguous Double Spinal Lipoma with Tethered Cord and Polydactyly: Two Different Embryological Events in One Patient.

Lumbosacral lipoma is reported to occur in 4-8 of 100,000 patients. Sixty-six percent of lipomyelomeningocele in young patients have accompanied by hypertrophic filum terminale. It is rare to find two isolated spinal lipomas simultaneously.

Multiple neural tube defects: a rare combination of limited dorsal myeloschisis, diplomyelia with dorsal bony spur, sacral meningocoele, syringohydromyelia, and tethered cord.

Multiple neural tube defects are relatively rare. They account for less than 1% reported neural tube defects. Cases of limited dorsal myeloschisis (LDM) and diplomyelia (two cords in single sac without intervening bony or fibrous septae) with dorsal bony spur are also a rare event.

A rare case of infantile cerebellar pilocytic astrocytoma and thrombocytopenia presenting with intratumoral hemorrhage.

Incidence of gliomas presenting with hemorrhage is around 3.7-7.2%.

Pediatric encephaloceles: A series of 20 cases over a period of 3 years.

Background: Encephalocele is the protrusion of the cranial contents beyond the normal confines of the skull through a defect in the calvarium and is far less common than spinal dysraphism. The exact worldwide frequency is not known.

Aims And Objectives: To determine the epidemiological features, patterns of encephalocele, and its postsurgical results.

Extended costotransversectomy to achieve circumferential fusion for pathologies causing thoracic instability.

Background Context: Conventional circumferential stabilization for pathologies causing instability of the thoracic spine requires a two or even a three-staged procedure. The authors present their tertiary care center experience of single-staged procedure to establish a circumferential fusion through an extended costotransversectomy approach.

Objective: To demonstrate neural canal decompression, removal of the pathology, achieve circumferential fusion, and correcting the deformity through a single procedure.

A rare case of split pons with double encephalocoele, dermal sinus tract, and lipomeningomyelocele: a case report and review of literature.

Introduction: Multiple neural tube defects and pontine anomalies are relatively rare. Cases of split pons and double encephalocoeles in combination with other spinal anomalies are even rarer.

Case Report: Here, we present a very rare case of split pons, twin encephalocoeles (one of which was atretic), lumbar dermal sinus tract, lumbosacral lipomeningomyelocele, thickened filum, and syringomyelia that was managed successfully at our institute.

A rare case of giant terminal lipomyelocystocele with partial sacral agenesis.

Terminal myelocystoceles (TMCs) are a rare form of occult spinal dysraphism. They constitute approximately 5% of skin covered lumbosacral masses. The TMC is composed of a low-lying conus medullaris with cystic dilatation of caudal central canal, a surrounding meningocele and a lipoma that extends from the conus to a subcutaneous fat collection.

Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats and the effects of intracisternal injection of papaverine and nitroglycerine in the management of cerebral vasospasm.

Background: Cerebral vasospasm is a major cause of morbidity and mortality after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). It usually occurs about 3-9 days after SAH. The pathogenesis involves the release of endogenous spasmogens.

Calvarial tuberculosis: Uncommon manifestation of common disease--a series of 21 cases.

Objective: Tuberculosis is an endemic disease in developing countries like India. It can involve almost any part of human body. One such, albeit rare, is the extra pulmonary manifestation - tuberculosis of calvaria.

Spinal intramedullary tuberculosis: a series of 15 cases.

Objectives: Spinal intramedullary tuberculosis is a rare disease. This study aims to acquaint readers with its clinicoradiological features and emphasizes the importance of early treatment in intramedullary spinal tuberculosis.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective analysis was conducted from 1985 to 2006 over a period of 21 years and data were retrieved from patient records at our institute (single centre study).