Copper(II) complexes containing hydrazone and bipyridine/phenanthroline ligands for anticancer application against breast cancer cells.

In this work, mixed ligand Cu(II) complexes containing hydrazone and bipyridine ligands (CB1-CB5), or hydrazone and phenanthroline ligands (CP1-CP5) have been synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic and analytical techniques. Single crystal X-ray structure of complex CB1 revealed that two nitrogen atoms from bipyridine, one carbonyl oxygen, one azomethine nitrogen and one hydroxyl oxygen from the hydrazone ligand coordinated to Cu(II) ion, adopting a distorted square pyramidal geometry. Interaction of these complexes with calf thymus (CT) DNA and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was analyzed by absorption and emission studies.

From Concept to Cure: The Road Ahead for Ruthenium-Based Anticancer Drugs.

The evolution of chemotherapy, especially the dawn of metal-based drugs, represents a transformative era in cancer treatment. From the serendipitous discovery of mustard gas's cytotoxic effects to the sophisticated development of targeted therapies, chemotherapy has significantly refined. Central to this progression is the incorporation of metal-based compounds, such as platinum (Pt), ruthenium (Ru), and gold (Au), which offer unique mechanisms of action, distinguishing them from organic therapeutics.

Dichloro Ru(II)--cymene-1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane (RAPTA-C): A Case Study.

The use of organometallic compounds to treat various phenotypes of cancer has attracted increased interest in recent decades. Organometallic compounds, which are transitional between conventional inorganic and organic materials, have outstanding and one-of-a-kind features that offer fresh insight into the development of inorganic medicinal chemistry. The therapeutic potential of ruthenium(II)-arene RAPTA-type compounds is being thoroughly investigated, specifically owing to the excellent antimetastatic property of the initial candidate RAPTA-C.

Ru(II)--Cymene Complexes of Furoylthiourea Ligands for Anticancer Applications against Breast Cancer Cells.

Half-sandwich Ru(II) complexes containing nitro-substituted furoylthiourea ligands, bearing the general formula [(--cymene)RuCl(L)] (-) and [(--cymene)RuCl(L)(PPh)] (-), have been synthesized and characterized. In contrast to the spectroscopic data which revealed monodentate coordination of the ligands to the Ru(II) ion a "S" atom, single crystal X-ray structures revealed an unusual bidentate N, S coordination with the metal center forming a four-membered ring. Interaction studies by absorption, emission, and viscosity measurements revealed intercalation of the Ru(II) complexes with calf thymus (CT) DNA.

Hinged Bipodal Furoylthiourea-Based Ru(II)-Arene Complexes: Effect of (, , or )-Substitution on Coordination and Anticancer Activity.

We set out to design and synthesize bipodal ligands with the phenyl group as the spacer and varied the substitution on the spacer between (L1), (L2), and (L3). The respective ligands and complexes containing either -cymene () or benzene (-) as the arene unit were synthesized and characterized successfully. The influence of the ligands due to substitution change on their coordination behavior was quite minimal; however, the differences were seen in the anticancer activity of the complexes.

Bidentate acylthiourea ligand anchored Pd-PPh complexes with biomolecular binding, cytotoxic, antioxidant and antihemolytic properties.

Acylthiourea-based Pd(II) complexes (1-5) with a PPh moiety bearing the general formula [PdCl(PPh)(L-R)] [L-R = monoanionic bidentate acylthiourea ligand, where R = CH (L1), CHCH(o) (L2), CHOCHCH(p) (L3), CH (L4) or CHCl (L5)] have been synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic and analytical tools. The single crystal X-ray structures (1-3) revealed that the acylthiourea ligands coordinated to Pd(II) ion in an uncommon bidentate fashion through S and N atoms, forming a four-member ring. The Pd(II) ion exhibited a square planar geometry fulfilled by the ligand (N, S), one Cl and one triphenylphosphine (PPh).

Tris-(2-pyridyl)-pyrazolyl Borate Zinc(II) Complexes: Synthesis, DNA/Protein Binding and In Vitro Cytotoxicity Studies.

Zn(II) complexes bearing tris[3-(2-pyridyl)-pyrazolyl] borate (Tp) ligand (-) was synthesized and examined by spectroscopic and analytical tools. Mononuclear [TpZnCl] () has a Zn(II) centre with one arm (pyrazolyl-pyridyl) dangling outside the coordination sphere which is a novel finding in TpZn(II) chemistry. In complex [TpZn(HO)][BF] () hydrogen bonding interaction of aqua moiety stabilizes the dangling arm.

Impact of aliphatic acyl and aromatic thioamide substituents on the anticancer activity of Ru(II)--cymene complexes with acylthiourea ligands- and studies.

Six different acylthiourea ligands (L1-L6) and their corresponding Ru(II)--cymene complexes (P1-P6) were designed to explore the structure-activity relationship of the complexes upon aliphatic chain and aromatic conjugation on the C- and N-terminals, respectively. The compounds were synthesized and adequately characterized using various analytical and spectroscopic techniques. The structures of P2-P6, solved using single crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD), confirmed the neutral monodentate coordination of the S atoms of the acylthiourea ligands to Ru(II) ions.

Design and synthesis of heterocyclic azole based bioactive compounds: Molecular structures, quantum simulation, and mechanistic studies through docking as multi-target inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 and cytotoxicity.

Two heterocyclic azole compounds, 3-(2,3-dihydrobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-chromen-4-one () and 5-(1H-indol-3-yl)-4-methyl-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione () were obtained unexpectedly from 2-aminothiophenol and 4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carbaldehyde (for ), and ()-2-((1H-indol-3-yl)methylene)-N-methylhydrazine-1-carbothioamide in the presence of anhydrous FeCl (for ), respectively. The compounds were well characterized by analytical and spectroscopic tools. The molecular structures of both the compounds were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) study.

Effective inhibition of insulin amyloid fibril aggregation by nickel(II) complexes containing heterocyclic thiosemicarbazones.

The sensitivity of protein molecular structures makes them susceptible to aggregation in conditions unfavorable for the maintenance of their native folds. The aggregation of proteins leads to many disorders, but the inhibition of amyloid fibril formation using metal-containing small molecules is gaining popularity. Herein we report the effect of nickel(II) complexes (N1, N2, N3, and N4) bearing thiosemicarbazones on the inhibition of amyloid fibril formation by insulin.

Binding mode transformation and biological activity on the Ru(II)-DMSO complexes bearing heterocyclic pyrazolyl ligands.

Three Ru(II)-DMSO complexes (1-3) containing 2-(3-pyrazolyl)pyridine (PzPy), 2-pyrazol-3-ylfuran (PzO), or 2-pyrazol-3-ylthiophene (PzS) ligand, were synthesized and characterized. The monodentate coordination of the heterocyclic pyrazolyl ligand (Pz) with Ru(II) ion via N atom was confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Complex 1 could be converted to the known η-bidentate Pz complex cis(Cl), cis(S)-[RuCl(Pz)(DMSO)] (4) under reflux conditions.

Tunable Anticancer Activity of Furoylthiourea-Based Ru -Arene Complexes and Their Mechanism of Action.

Fourteen new Ru -arene (p-cymene/benzene) complexes (C1-C14) have been synthesized by varying the N-terminal substituent in the furoylthiourea ligand and satisfactorily characterized by using analytical and spectroscopic techniques. Electrostatic potential maps predicted that the electronic effect of the substituents was mostly localized, with some influence seen on the labile chloride ligands. The structure-activity relationships of the Ru-p-cymene and Ru-benzene complexes showed opposite trends.

Synthesis of Palladium(II) Complexes via Michael Addition: Antiproliferative Effects through ROS-Mediated Mitochondrial Apoptosis and Docking with SARS-CoV-2.

Metal complexes have numerous applications in the current era, particularly in the field of pharmaceutical chemistry and catalysis. A novel synthetic approach for the same is always a beneficial addition to the literature. Henceforth, for the first time, we report the formation of three new Pd(II) complexes through the Michael addition pathway.

N-substitution in isatin thiosemicarbazones decides nuclearity of Cu(II) complexes - Spectroscopic, molecular docking and cytotoxic studies.

The mono- (1) and bi-nuclear (2) copper(II) complexes containing N-substituted isatin thiosemicarbazone(s) were synthesized, and characterized by analytical and spectroscopic (UV-Visible, FT-IR and EPR) techniques. Bimetallic nature of complex 2 was confirmed by single crystal X-ray crystallography. The structures predicted by spectroscopic and crystallographic methods were validated by computational studies.

The base-induced regioselective radical arylation of 3-aminochromone with aryl hydrazine.

A simple and efficient direct radical C-2 arylation of 3-aminochromone derivatives with aryl hydrazine is described. The aryl hydrazine acts as an initiator and source for the aryl radical via the cleavage of the C-N bond of aryl hydrazine. The reaction proceeds via a base-promoted single electron transfer (SET) pathway.

Thiosemicarbazone(s)-anchored water soluble mono- and bimetallic Cu(ii) complexes: enzyme-like activities, biomolecular interactions, anticancer property and real-time live cytotoxicity.

The reactions of CuCl2·2H2O with chromone thiosemicarbazone ligands containing a -H or -CH3 substituent on terminal N yielded monometallic Cu(ii) complexes [Cu(HL1)Cl2] (1) and [Cu(HL2)Cl2] (2), whereas bimetallic Cu(ii) complexes [Cu(μ-Cl)(HL3)]2Cl2 (3), [Cu(μ-Cl)(HL4)]2Cl2 (4) and [Cu(μ-Cl)(L5)]2 (5) were obtained when a -C2H5, -C6H11 or -C6H5 substituent was present, respectively, in the ligands. The complexes were characterized using elemental analyses, UV-Vis, FT-IR, EPR, mass and TGA studies. The structures of neutral monometallic and dicationic bimetallic complexes were confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction, and they exhibited a distorted square pyramidal geometry around Cu(ii) ions.

Unprecedented formation of palladium(II)-pyrazole based thiourea from chromone thiosemicarbazone and [PdCl(PPh)]: Interaction with biomolecules and apoptosis through mitochondrial signaling pathway.

Two novel pyrazole based thiourea palladium(II) complexes, [PdCl(PPh)(CHNOS-pz)] (1) and [PdCl(PPh)(CHNOS-pz)] (2) [pz = pyrazole (CHN)] have been obtained unexpectedly from chromone thiosemicarbazones (L1 and L2) and [PdCl(PPh)]. The compounds have been fully characterized by physicochemical studies. The single crystal X-ray diffraction and spectral studies revealed square planar geometry for the complexes.

Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of [RuCl(η-arene)(aroylthiourea)] Complexes-High Activity against the Human Neuroblastoma (IMR-32) Cancer Cell Line.

Eight new organometallic Ru(II)-arene complexes of the type [RuCl(η-arene)(η--aroylthiourea)] (arene = -cymene or benzene) were synthesized in order to evaluate the effect of the arene moiety and the substituent of the aroylthiourea ligand on the cytotoxicity of the complexes. The ligands (L1 and L2) and complexes () were characterized using analytical and spectroscopic (UV-visible, infrared, H NMR, C NMR, and mass) methods. The structure of the ligands (L1 and L2) and complexes ( and ) was obtained from single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies.

Tetranuclear Palladacycles of 3-Acetyl-7-methoxy-2 H-chromen-2-one Derived Schiff Bases: Efficient Catalysts for Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling in an Aqueous Medium.

Tetranuclear organopalladium(II) complexes 1-3 and mononuclear complex 4 have been synthesized by the complexation of 3-acetyl-7-methoxy-2 H-chromen-2-one derived Schiff bases with potassium tetrachloropalladate K[PdCl]. Structural confirmation for the complexes (1-3) has been achieved by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The ligands are found to bind with the palladium ion through its azomethine nitrogen, thiolate sulfur, and C4 carbon atom of the coumarin moiety subsequent to C-H activation.

Half-sandwich Ru(η-p-cymene) complexes featuring pyrazole appended ligands: Synthesis, DNA binding and in vitro cytotoxicity.

Organometallic Ru(II)-arene complexes have emerged as potential alternatives to platinum appended agents due to their wide range of interesting features such as stability in solution and solid, significant activity, less toxicity and hydrophobic property of arene moiety, etc. Hence, a series of Ru(II)-p-cymene complexes, [(η-p-cymene)Ru(η-N,N-L1)Cl]Cl (1), [(η-p-cymene)Ru(η-N-L2)Cl] (2) and [(η-p-cymene)Ru(η-N-L3)Cl] (3) were prepared from pyrazole based ligands [2-(1H-pyrazol-3-yl)pyridine (L1), 3-(furan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole (L2) and 3-(thiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole (L3)], and [RuCl-(η-p-cymene)] dimer. The new Ru(II)-p-cymene complexes were well characterized by elemental analysis, and spectroscopic (FT-IR, UV-Visible, H NMR, C NMR and mass) and crystallographic methods.

Heterostructure of two different 2D materials based on MoS nanoflowers@rGO: an electrode material for sodium-ion capacitors.

Sodium ion capacitors are under extensive investigation as companionable pre-existing lithium ion batteries and sodium ion batteries. Finding a suitable host for sodium ion storage is still a major challenge. In this context, here we report a MoS nanoflowers@rGO composite produced a hydrothermal method followed by an ultra sonication process as a sodium ion symmetric hybrid supercapacitor.

Nickel(II) bis(isatin thiosemicarbazone) complexes induced apoptosis through mitochondrial signaling pathway and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in IM-9 cells.

Three novel complexes (1, 3 and 4) ligating N-substituted isatin thiosemicarbazone derivatives have been synthesized and their structural and biological characteristics have been compared with those of the known analogs (2, 5-7 and 8). In addition, the structure of the representative ligands (L1, L3 and L4) and complex (4) was confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction method. All the complexes (1-8) were assessed for their cytotoxic property against a panel of four human cancer cells such as HepG-2 (liver), MOLM-14 (acute monocytic leukemia), U937 (histiocytic lymphoma).

Crystal structures of the Schiff base derivatives ()-'-[(1-indol-3-yl)methyl-idene]isonicotino-hydrazide ethanol monosolvate and ()--methyl-2-[1-(2-oxo-2-chromen-3-yl)ethyl-idene]hydrazinecarbo-thio-amide.

The crystal structures of two title Schiff base derivatives, CHNO·CHO () and CHNOS (), were determined at 110 and 100 K, respectively. In the crystal of compound , the ()-'-[(1-indol-3-yl)methyl-idene]isonicotinohydrazide and ethanol mol-ecules are linked by O-H⋯O, N-H⋯O and N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming a tape structure running along the axis direction. The tapes are weakly linked a C-H⋯N inter-action.

Synthesis of Ni(II) complexes bearing indole-based thiosemicarbazone ligands for interaction with biomolecules and some biological applications.

A series of new Ni(II) complexes containing indole-based thiosemicarbazone ligands was synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, and UV-visible, FT-IR, H & C NMR and mass spectroscopic techniques. The Ni(II) complexes (1-4) bear the general formula [Ni{CHNNHCSNH(R)}] where R = hydrogen (1), 4-methyl (2), 4-phenyl (3) and 4-cyclohexyl (4). Molecular structure of ligands (L3 and L4) and complexes (2, 3 and 4) was confirmed by single crystal X-ray crystallography.