A protocol for immunostaining of macrophages in whole-mount mouse cornea, conjunctiva, and lacrimal gland.

The healthy lacrimal functional unit contains a resident macrophage population. Here, we present a protocol for immunofluorescent staining of macrophage markers, CD11b, F4/80, and CD206, in whole-mount mouse cornea, conjunctiva, and 50-μM-thick lacrimal gland section. We describe steps for dissection, fixation, permeabilization, and blocking.

Tumour masquerading juvenile angiofibroma in a female; unveiling glomangiopericytoma-a rare sinonasal histopathology.

Sinonasal tumours of varying histology are not unusual in otolaryngology surgical practice. Juvenile angiofibroma (JAs) are vascular tumours usually occurring in adolescent male population; but rare in females. But similar clinical and radiological presentations are possible in females inducing strong suspicion of JA which needs to be ruled out by detailed evaluation.

Improving Crop Yield through Increasing Carbon Gain and Reducing Carbon Loss.

Photosynthesis is a process where solar energy is utilized to convert atmospheric CO into carbohydrates, which forms the basis for plant productivity. The increasing demand for food has created a global urge to enhance yield. Earlier, the plant breeding program was targeting the yield and yield-associated traits to enhance the crop yield.

Swallowing Rehabilitation: Tracing the Evolution of Assessment and Intervention Approaches for Dysphagia over 30 Years.

Dysphagia or difficulty in swallowing is a common condition affecting millions worldwide. It can occur due to structural problems, neurological disorders, cancer treatment, aging, etc. Swallowing rehabilitation aims to help patients regain safe and efficient swallowing function through compensatory strategies and exercises.

Ear Mites as an Overlooked Source of Ear Itching and Tinnitus - A Case Series.

Otoacariasis is a rare condition characterized by ticks and mites in the ear canal. Human otoacariasis remains underrepresented in literature as otoacariasis is more common in animals. Systemic diseases being transmitted by these arachnids pave the way for potential complications.

Aqueous-phase product treatment and monetization options of wet waste hydrothermal liquefaction: Comprehensive techno-economic and life-cycle GHG emission assessment unveiling research opportunities.

While wet waste hydrothermal liquefaction technology has a high biofuel yield, a significant amount of the carbon and nitrogen in the feedstock reports to the aqueous-phase product. Pretreatment of this stream before sending to a conventional wastewater plant is essential or at the very least, advisable. In this work, techno-economic and life-cycle assessments were conducted for the state-of-technology baseline and four aqueous-phase product treatment and monetization options based on experimental data.

Developing Script Concordance Test Items in Otolaryngology to Improve Clinical Reasoning Skills: Validation using Consensus Analysis and Psychometrics.

Background: Script concordance testing is widely practiced to foster and assess clinical reasoning. Our study aimed to develop script concordance test (SCT) in the specialty of otolaryngology and test the validation using panel response pattern and consensus index.

Materials And Methods: The methodology was an evolving pattern of constructing SCTs, administering them to the panel members, and optimizing the panel with response patterns and consensus index.

Comparing Life-Cycle Emissions of Biofuels for Marine Applications: Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Wet Wastes, Pyrolysis of Wood, Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis of Landfill Gas, and Solvolysis of Wood.

Recent restrictions on marine fuel sulfur content and a heightened regulatory focus on maritime decarbonization are driving the deployment of low-carbon and low-sulfur alternative fuels for maritime transport. In this study, we quantified the life-cycle greenhouse gas and sulfur oxide emissions of several novel marine biofuel candidates and benchmarked the results against the emissions reduction targets set by the International Maritime Organization. A total of 11 biofuel pathways via four conversion processes are considered, including (1) biocrudes derived from hydrothermal liquefaction of wastewater sludge and manure, (2) bio-oils from catalytic fast pyrolysis of woody biomass, (3) diesel via Fischer-Tropsch synthesis of landfill gas, and (4) lignin ethanol oil from reductive catalytic fractionation of poplar.

Techno-economic Analysis of Sustainable Biofuels for Marine Transportation.

Renewable, low-carbon biofuels offer the potential opportunity to decarbonize marine transportation. This paper presents a comparative techno-economic analysis and process sustainability assessment of four conversion pathways: (1) hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of wet wastes such as sewage sludge and manure; (2) fast pyrolysis of woody biomass; (3) landfill gas Fischer-Tropsch synthesis; and (4) lignin-ethanol oil from the lignocellulosic ethanol biorefinery utilizing reductive catalytic fractionation. These alternative marine biofuels have a modeled minimum fuel selling price between $1.

Comparison of the Efficacy of Septoplasty with Nonsurgical Management in Improving Nasal Obstruction in Patients with Deviated Nasal Septum - A Randomized Clinical Trial.

 In the current era, the major indication for septoplasty is nasal obstruction due to deviated nasal septum (DNS). Even though septoplasty is a commonly performed surgery, its effectiveness in relieving nasal obstruction in DNS has not been proven.  The present study involved the measurement of both objective (nasal patency) and subjective (quality of life measures) outcome measures for the evaluation of the efficacy of septoplasty as compared with medical management.

Internal drainage of retropharyngeal abscess secondary to esophageal foreign bodies: a case series.

Introduction And Objectives: Foreign body oesophagus is a commonly seen emergency in ENT. It is seen both in children and adults. When sharp bony foreign bodies such as chicken, fish, and mutton bone gets impacted in the oesophagus, it predisposes the patient to various complications.

Electrochemical Oxidation of Lignin and Waste Plastic.

Both lignin and waste plastic are refractory polymers whose oxidation can produce feedstocks for the manufacture of chemicals and fuels. This brief review explores how renewably generated electricity could provide energy needed to selectively activate the endothermic depolymerization reactions, which might assist the production of hydrogen. We identify mediated electrochemistry as a particularly suitable approach to contending with these refractory, sparingly soluble materials.

Ensemble of heterogeneous classifiers for diagnosis and prediction of coronary artery disease with reduced feature subset.

Background And Objective: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is considered one of the most prominent health issues causing high mortality in the world population. Hence, earlier diagnosis and prediction of CAD is essential for the proper medication of patients. The objective of this study is to develop a machine learning algorithm that will help in accurate diagnosis of CAD.

25-Hydroxyl Vitamin D Deficiency in Nasal Polyposis.

 Vitamin D is known to have immunomodulatory functions and has action on chronic inflammatory processes, such as nasal polyposis.  The present study assessed the levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in patients with nasal polyposis, as compared with healthy control subjects, and identified their association with disease severity in nasal polyposis. It further assessed the levels of 25-hydroxyl vitamin D and hs-CRP in patients with nasal polyposis and atopy and compared it with patients with nasal polyposis without atopy.

Comparison of efficacy of potassium titanyl phosphate laser & diode laser in the management of inferior turbinate hypertrophy: A randomized controlled trial.

Background & Objectives: Inferior turbinate hypertrophy (ITH) is a common condition causing nasal obstruction. This study was undertaken to compare the efficacy of potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) laser and diode laser in the reduction of the turbinate size.

Methods: This randomized controlled trial included 209 patients with ITH.

Diagnostic delay for head and neck cancer in South India: A Mixed-methods Study.

Background: Early diagnosis is an important aspect of quality of cancer care.Analysis of the diagnostic delays and the reasons for delay helps to plan strategies to improve cancer care.

Objectives: To determine the primary, secondary, and total diagnostic delay of patients diagnosed with head and neck cancer and to explore the reasons for the delay from the patient perspective.

Direct Catalytic Conversion of Ethanol to C Ketones: Role of Pd-Zn Alloy on Catalytic Activity and Stability.

Ethanol can be used as a platform molecule for synthesizing valuable chemicals and fuel precursors. Direct synthesis of C ketones, building blocks for lubricants and hydrocarbon fuels, from ethanol was achieved over a stable Pd-promoted ZnO-ZrO catalyst. The sequence of reaction steps involved in the C ketone formation from ethanol was determined.

Optimization, equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies on adsorptive remediation of phenol onto natural guava leaf powder.

Environmental considerations require disposal of the contaminants in a safe manner without causing any harm. Accordingly, the contaminants should be removed and recovered as value or disposed without any burden to the environment. In this context, natural biodegradable adsorbents could possibly be an answer as they get biodegraded along with the organic contaminants including phenol.

Correction: The preventive effect of linalool on acute and chronic UVB-mediated skin carcinogenesis in Swiss albino mice.

Correction for 'The preventive effect of linalool on acute and chronic UVB-mediated skin carcinogenesis in Swiss albino mice' by Srithar Gunaseelan, et al., Photochem. Photobiol.

Analysis of genetic diversity and population structure using SSR markers and validation of a Cleavage Amplified Polymorphic Sequences (CAPS) marker involving the sodium transporter OsHKT1;5 in saline tolerant rice (Oryza sativa L.) landraces.

Naturally evolved saline tolerant rice landraces found along the coastline of India are a valuable genomic resource to explore the complex, polygenic nature of salinity tolerance. In the present study, a set of 28 genome wide SSR markers, 11 salt responsive genic SSR markers and 8 Saltol QTL linked SSR markers were used to estimate genetic relatedness and population structure within a collection of 47 rice landraces (including a tolerant and 2 sensitive checks) originating from geographically divergent coastal regions of India. All three marker types identified substantial genetic variation among the landraces, as evident from their higher PIC values (0.

Alpha-pinene attenuates UVA-induced photoaging through inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases expression in mouse skin.

Aim: The present study was designed to examine the role of alpha-pinene (AP) against skin photoaging in UVA-irradiated mice.

Materials And Methods: Swiss albino mice were subjected to UVA-irradiation at the rate of 10 J/cm per day for ten days, totally mouse received 100 J/cm. One hour prior to each UVA-exposure, the mouse skin was topically treated with AP (100 mg kg/b·wt).

Alpha pinene modulates UVA-induced oxidative stress, DNA damage and apoptosis in human skin epidermal keratinocytes.

Aims: This study aims to evaluate the protective effect of alpha pinene (AP), an essential oil monoterpene, against ultraviolet-A (UVA; 320-400 nm) induced cellular damages in human skin epidermal keratinocytes (HaCaT cells).

Materials And Methods: In this study, HaCaT cells were subjected to single UVA-irradiation (10 J/cm) in the presence and absence of AP (30 μM) then different cellular end points were analyzed. The protective effect of AP against UVA-induced cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT-based metabolic assay.

CRISPR for Crop Improvement: An Update Review.

The availability of genome sequences for several crops and advances in genome editing approaches has opened up possibilities to breed for almost any given desirable trait. Advancements in genome editing technologies such as zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) has made it possible for molecular biologists to more precisely target any gene of interest. However, these methodologies are expensive and time-consuming as they involve complicated steps that require protein engineering.