Differential proteomic profiles between cognitive frail and robust older adults from the MELoR cohort.

The present study explored for the first time the blood-based proteomic signature that could potentially distinguish older adults with and without cognitive frailty (CF). The participants were recruited under the Malaysian Elders Longitudinal Research (MELoR) study. Cognition and physical frailty were determined using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Fried's criteria, respectively.

Faecal intestinal permeability and intestinal inflammatory markers in older adults with age-related disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis appraised previous findings to uncover potential faecal intestinal permeability and intestinal inflammatory markers in older adults. A comprehensive literature search led to the identification of ten eligible studies with findings of potential faecal intestinal permeability (zonulin and alpha-1-antitrypsin) and intestinal inflammatory markers [calprotectin, lactoferrin and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL)]. Most of the cases (n > 2) [Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD)] exhibited higher faecal alpha-1-antitrypsin, zonulin and calprotectin levels.

Effects of non-pharmacological interventions on gut microbiota and intestinal permeability in older adults: A systematic review: Non-pharmacological interventions on gut microbiota/barrier.

This systematic review appraised previous findings of non-pharmacological interventions on gut microbiota and/ or intestinal permeability in older adults. A literature search was performed using PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect and the Cochrane Library. Relevant studies were shortlisted based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and evaluated for risks of bias using the "Cochrane Collaboration's Risk of Bias 2" and the "NIH Quality Assessment Tool for Before-After (Pre-Post) Studies with No Control Group".

The usage of anticholinergic medications in a low- and middle-income country: a longitudinal comparison of 2013-15 and 2020-22 datasets.

Background: While the effects of anticholinergic drug use have been increasingly highlighted, trends in anticholinergic use remain poorly understood.

Aim: To determine the changes in frequency and pattern of anticholinergic drug use within a low- and middle-income country.

Method: Comparisons were made between population-based datasets collected from Malaysian residents aged 55 years and older in 2013-15 and 2020-22.

Predictive value of the World falls guidelines algorithm within the AGELESS-MELoR cohort.

Aim: The World Falls Guidelines (WFG) Task Force published a falls risk stratification algorithm in 2022. However, its adaptability is uncertain in low- and middle-income settings such as Malaysia due to different risk factors and limited resources. We evaluated the effectiveness of the WFG risk stratification algorithm in predicting falls among community-dwelling older adults in Malaysia.

Medication self-management among older adults with cognitive frailty.

Background: Independent and safe medication self-management is essential for successful aging. Nevertheless, how older adults with cognitive frailty (CF) self-manage medications at their own homes remain elusive.

Objective: This study aimed at assessing the medication self-management capability of home-dwelling older adults with CF and exploring the ways, perceived challenges and barriers in medication self-management.

In Vitro and In Vivo Characterisation of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LAB12 in Pea Protein-Alginate Microcapsules.

The susceptibility of probiotics to high temperature and low pH remains a major challenge in food industries. Numerous commercially available probiotic products were reportedly presented with lower probiotic viability than claimed. To confer health benefits to the host, it is essential that probiotic strain remains viable at optimal amount during food processing procedures, storage and passage through the gastrointestinal tract.

Poloxamer and Chitosan-Based Gels Loaded with Benth. Extracts Containing Rosmarinic Acid for the Treatment of Ocular Infections.

Objectives: Benth. (OS) is a commonly used medicinal plant for curbing bacterial infections globally. This work aimed to fabricate poloxamer and chitosan-based gels loaded with standardized aqueous-ethanolic OS leaf extracts and investigate their antimicrobial efficacy as a potential remedy against ocular infections.

Chemoprevention by Microencapsulated Lactiplantibacillus Plantarum LAB12 Against Orthotopic Colorectal Cancer Mice is Associated with Apoptosis and Anti-angiogenesis.

The pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) is associated with gut dysbiosis that is attributed to unhealthy lifestyles and dietary habits. Consumption of microencapsulated probiotics may potentially restore the gut microbiota in favour of prevention against CRC. This study determined the fate of microencapsulated Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (formerly known as Lactobacillus plantarum) LAB12 in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and assessed the chemopreventive effect of microencapsulated L.

Pediococcus pentosaceus LAB6- and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LAB12-Derived Cell Free Supernatant Inhibited RhoA Activation and Reduced Amyloid-Β In Vitro.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by aggregation of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaque. RhoA may serve as a potential target for prevention against AD given its role in the amyloidogenic pathway. The recent emergence of the gut-brain axis has linked lactic acid bacteria (LAB) to neuroprotection against AD.

Newly regenerated dopaminergic neurons in 6-OHDA-lesioned adult zebrafish brain proliferate in the Olfactory bulb and telencephalon, but migrate to, differentiate and mature in the diencephalon.

In order to understand the biological processes underlying dopaminergic neurons (DpN) regeneration in a 6-hydroxydopamine(6-OHDA)-induced adult zebrafish-based Parkinson's disease model, this study investigated the specific phases of neuroregeneration in a time-based manner. Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) was administered 24 h before the harvest of brain tissues at day three, five, seven, nine, 12 and 14 postlesion. Potential migration of proliferative cells was tracked over 14 days postlesion through double-pulse tracking [BrdU and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU)] of cells and immunohistostaining of astrocytes [glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)].

Differential gut microbiota and intestinal permeability between frail and healthy older adults: A systematic review.

This systematic review appraised previous findings on differential gut microbiota composition and intestinal permeability markers between frail and healthy older adults. A literature search was performed using PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect and the Cochrane Library. Relevant studies were shortlisted based on inclusion and exclusion criteria as well as assessed for risk of bias.

Characterization and potential oral probiotic properties of Lactobacillus plantarum FT 12 and Lactobacillus brevis FT 6 isolated from Malaysian fermented food.

Objective: This study aims to characterise the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from local Malaysian fermented foods with oral probiotics properties.

Design: The LAB strains isolated from Malaysian fermented foods, Lactobacillus brevis FT 6 and Lactobacillus plantarum FT 12, were assessed for their antimicrobial properties against Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 33277 via disc diffusion assay. Anti-biofilm properties were determined by treating the overnight P.

Lactobacillus Spp.-Enhanced Memory is Strain-Dependent and Associated, in Part, with Amyloidogenic and anti-Oxidant/Oxidative Stress Interplay in Amyloid Beta Precursor Protein Transgenic Mice.

This study explored mechanisms underpinning enhanced memory in amyloid precursor protein (APP) transgenic mice (male; 10-12 months;  = 6/group) supplemented with LAB12 (LAB12)/ Shirota (LcS). Morris Water Maze test was performed before brains were harvested for gene expression and biochemical studies. LAB-supplemented mice exhibited reduced escape latency and distance but significant increased time spent in platform zone.

Hepatoprotection of Probiotics Against Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease : A Systematic Review.

Probiotic supplements have been increasingly reported for their usefulness in delaying the development and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Literature on the impact of probiotics on NAFLD covered various aspects of the disease. This study was undertaken to systematically review findings on hepatoprotection of probiotics against NAFLD.

Mahanimbine Improved Aging-Related Memory Deficits in Mice through Enhanced Cholinergic Transmission and Suppressed Oxidative Stress, Amyloid Levels, and Neuroinflammation.

leaves contain mahanimbine, a carbazole alkaloid, reported with improving cholinergic neuronal transmission and reducing neuroinflammation in the CNS. The current research investigated the effects of mahanimbine on age-related memory deficits, oxidative stress, cholinergic dysfunction, amyloid formation, and neuroinflammation in aged mice (16 months old). Mahanimbine was administered (1 and 2 mg/kg, p.

Locomotor Assessment of 6-Hydroxydopamine-induced Adult Zebrafish-based Parkinson's Disease Model.

The limitations of current treatments in delaying dopaminergic neuronal loss in Parkinson's disease (PD) raise the need for alternative therapies that can restore these neurons. Much effort is currently directed toward a better understanding of neuroregeneration using preclinical in vivo models. This regenerative capability for self-repair is, however, inefficient in mammals.

Development of Virtual Surveys for the COVID-19 Wave of the AGELESS Longitudinal Study in Malaysia.

Background: Rapid population aging occurring in developing nations necessitates innovation to ensure we continue to gain ground on aging research despite pandemic threats. While developed nations have resorted to virtual communications, this is challenging in developing nations due to poor internet connectivity and digital literacy.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of virtual data collection for a longitudinal study of aging assessing cognitive frailty in a middle-income Southeast Asian country.

Multidomain Intervention for Reversal of Cognitive Frailty, Towards a Personalized Approach (AGELESS Trial): Study Design.

Background: Cognitive frailty (CF) is identified as one of the main precursors of dementia. Multidomain intervention has been found to delay or prevent the onset of CF.

Objective: The aim of our present study is to determine the effectiveness of a comprehensive, multidomain intervention on CF; to evaluate its cost effectiveness and the factors influencing adherence toward this intensive intervention.

Virgin Coconut Oil-Induced Neuroprotection in Lipopolysaccharide-Challenged Rats is Mediated, in Part, Through Cholinergic, Anti-Oxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Pathways.

Neuroinflammation is associated with neuronal cell death and could lead to chronic neurodegeneration. This study investigated the neuroprotective potential of virgin coconut oil (VCO) against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytotoxicity of neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells. The findings were validated using Wistar rats, which were fed with 1-10 g/kg VCO for 31 days, exposed to LPS (0.

Differential gut microbiota composition between type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and healthy controls: A systematic review.

Aims: This systematic review summarised the latest findings on differential composition of gut microbiota in T2DM.

Methods: Literature search was performed using electronic databases. Relevant studies were identified, extracted and assessed for risk of bias.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of heterocyclic 1,2,4-triazole scaffolds as promising pharmacological agents.

Background: Triazole is an important heterocyclic moiety that occupies a unique position in heterocyclic chemistry, due to its large number of biological activities. It exists in two isomeric forms i.e.

Fibrinogen isoforms as potential blood-based biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease using a proteomics approach.

Alzheimer's disease (AD), the commonest form of dementia which is characterized by progressive decline in cognitive function, can only be definitively diagnosed after death. Although biomarkers may aid diagnosis, currently available AD biomarkers, which are predominantly based on cerebrospinal fluid and neuroimaging facilities, are either invasive or costly. Blood-based biomarkers for AD diagnosis are highly sought after due to its practicality at the clinic.

High-performance thin layer chromatography-based phytochemical and bioactivity characterisation of anticancer endophytic fungal extracts derived from marine plants.

Bioactive compounds from endophytic fungi exhibit diverse biological activities which include anticancer effect. Capitalising on the abundance of unexplored endophytes that reside within marine plants, this study assessed the anticancer potential of ethyl acetate endophytic fungal extracts (i.e.

Adult Endogenous Dopaminergic Neuroregeneration Against Parkinson's Disease: Ideal Animal Models?

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. The etiology of PD remains an enigma with no available disease modifying treatment or cure. Pharmacological compensation is the only quality of life improving treatments available.